验证字符串是否是有效的电子邮件地址的最优雅的代码是什么?


当前回答

There are a lot of strong answers here. However, I recommend that we take a step back. @Cogwheel answers the question https://stackoverflow.com/a/1374644/388267. Nevertheless, it could be costly in a bulk validation scenario, if many of the email address being validated are invalid. I suggest that we employ a bit of logic before we enter into his try-catch block. I know that the following code could be written using RegEx but that could be costly for new developers to understand. This is my twopence worth:

    public static bool IsEmail(this string input)
    {
        if (string.IsNullOrWhiteSpace(input)) return false;

        // MUST CONTAIN ONE AND ONLY ONE @
        var atCount = input.Count(c => c == '@');
        if (atCount != 1) return false;

        // MUST CONTAIN PERIOD
        if (!input.Contains(".")) return false;

        // @ MUST OCCUR BEFORE LAST PERIOD
        var indexOfAt = input.IndexOf("@", StringComparison.Ordinal);
        var lastIndexOfPeriod = input.LastIndexOf(".", StringComparison.Ordinal);
        var atBeforeLastPeriod = lastIndexOfPeriod > indexOfAt;
        if (!atBeforeLastPeriod) return false;

        // CODE FROM COGWHEEL'S ANSWER: https://stackoverflow.com/a/1374644/388267 
        try
        {
            var addr = new System.Net.Mail.MailAddress(input);
            return addr.Address == input;
        }
        catch
        {
            return false;
        }
    }

其他回答

我写了一个函数来检查电子邮件是否有效。在大多数情况下,这似乎对我很有效。

结果:

dasddas-@.com => FALSE
-asd@das.com => FALSE
as3d@dac.coas- => FALSE
dsq!a?@das.com => FALSE
_dasd@sd.com => FALSE
dad@sds => FALSE
asd-@asd.com => FALSE
dasd_-@jdas.com => FALSE
asd@dasd@asd.cm => FALSE
da23@das..com => FALSE
_dasd_das_@9.com => FALSE

d23d@da9.co9 => TRUE
dasd.dadas@dasd.com => TRUE
dda_das@das-dasd.com => TRUE
dasd-dasd@das.com.das => TRUE

代码:

    private bool IsValidEmail(string email)
    {
        bool valid = false;
        try
        {
            var addr = new System.Net.Mail.MailAddress(email);
            valid = true;
        }
        catch
        {
            valid = false;
            goto End_Func;
        }

        valid = false;
        int pos_at = email.IndexOf('@');
        char checker = Convert.ToChar(email.Substring(pos_at + 1, 1));
        var chars = "qwertyuiopasdfghjklzxcvbnm0123456789";
        foreach (char chr in chars)
        {
            if (checker == chr)
            {
                valid = true;
                break;
            }
        }
        if (valid == false)
        {
            goto End_Func;
        } 

        int pos_dot = email.IndexOf('.', pos_at + 1);
        if(pos_dot == -1)
        {
            valid = false;
            goto End_Func;
        }

        valid = false;
        try
        {
            checker = Convert.ToChar(email.Substring(pos_dot + 1, 1));
            foreach (char chr in chars)
            {
                if (checker == chr)
                {
                    valid = true;
                    break;
                }
            }
        }
        catch
        {
            valid = false;
            goto End_Func;
        }

        Regex valid_checker = new Regex(@"^[a-zA-Z0-9_@.-]*$");
        valid = valid_checker.IsMatch(email);
        if (valid == false)
        {
            goto End_Func;
        }

        List<int> pos_list = new List<int> { };
        int pos = 0;
        while (email.IndexOf('_', pos) != -1)
        {
            pos_list.Add(email.IndexOf('_', pos));
            pos = email.IndexOf('_', pos) + 1;
        }

        pos = 0;
        while (email.IndexOf('.', pos) != -1)
        {
            pos_list.Add(email.IndexOf('.', pos));
            pos = email.IndexOf('.', pos) + 1;
        }

        pos = 0;
        while (email.IndexOf('-', pos) != -1)
        {
            pos_list.Add(email.IndexOf('-', pos));
            pos = email.IndexOf('-', pos) + 1;
        }

        int sp_cnt = pos_list.Count();
        pos_list.Sort();
        for (int i = 0; i < sp_cnt - 1; i++)
        {
            if (pos_list[i] + 1 == pos_list[i + 1])
            {
                valid = false;
                break;
            }

            if (pos_list[i]+1 == pos_at || pos_list[i]+1 == pos_dot)
            {
                valid = false;
                break;
            }
        }

        if(valid == false)
        {
            goto End_Func;
        }

        if (pos_list[sp_cnt - 1] == email.Length - 1 || pos_list[0] == 0)
        {
            valid = false;
        }

    End_Func:;
        return valid;
    }

Personally, I would say that you should just make sure there is an @ symbol in there, with possibly a . character. There's many regexes you could use of varying correctness, but I think most of these leave out valid email addresses, or let invalid ones through. If people want to put in a fake email address, they will put in a fake one. If you need to verify that the email address is legit, and that the person is in control of that email address, then you will need to send them an email with a special coded link so they can verify that it indeed is a real address.

.net 4.5增加了System.ComponentModel.DataAnnotations.EmailAddressAttribute

你可以浏览EmailAddressAttribute的源代码,这是它内部使用的正则表达式:

const string pattern = @"^((([a-z]|\d|[!#\$%&'\*\+\-\/=\?\^_`{\|}~]|[\u00A0-\uD7FF\uF900-\uFDCF\uFDF0-\uFFEF])+(\.([a-z]|\d|[!#\$%&'\*\+\-\/=\?\^_`{\|}~]|[\u00A0-\uD7FF\uF900-\uFDCF\uFDF0-\uFFEF])+)*)|((\x22)((((\x20|\x09)*(\x0d\x0a))?(\x20|\x09)+)?(([\x01-\x08\x0b\x0c\x0e-\x1f\x7f]|\x21|[\x23-\x5b]|[\x5d-\x7e]|[\u00A0-\uD7FF\uF900-\uFDCF\uFDF0-\uFFEF])|(\\([\x01-\x09\x0b\x0c\x0d-\x7f]|[\u00A0-\uD7FF\uF900-\uFDCF\uFDF0-\uFFEF]))))*(((\x20|\x09)*(\x0d\x0a))?(\x20|\x09)+)?(\x22)))@((([a-z]|\d|[\u00A0-\uD7FF\uF900-\uFDCF\uFDF0-\uFFEF])|(([a-z]|\d|[\u00A0-\uD7FF\uF900-\uFDCF\uFDF0-\uFFEF])([a-z]|\d|-|\.|_|~|[\u00A0-\uD7FF\uF900-\uFDCF\uFDF0-\uFFEF])*([a-z]|\d|[\u00A0-\uD7FF\uF900-\uFDCF\uFDF0-\uFFEF])))\.)+(([a-z]|[\u00A0-\uD7FF\uF900-\uFDCF\uFDF0-\uFFEF])|(([a-z]|[\u00A0-\uD7FF\uF900-\uFDCF\uFDF0-\uFFEF])([a-z]|\d|-|\.|_|~|[\u00A0-\uD7FF\uF900-\uFDCF\uFDF0-\uFFEF])*([a-z]|[\u00A0-\uD7FF\uF900-\uFDCF\uFDF0-\uFFEF])))\.?$";

对@齿轮回答做了一点修改

public static bool IsValidEmail(this string email)
{
  // skip the exception & return early if possible
  if (email.IndexOf("@") <= 0) return false;

  try
  {
    var address = new MailAddress(email);
    return address.Address == email;
  }
  catch
  {
    return false;
  }
}

我认为最好的方法如下:

    public static bool EmailIsValid(string email)
    {
        string expression = "\\w+([-+.']\\w+)*@\\w+([-.]\\w+)*\\.\\w+([-.]\\w+)*";

        if (Regex.IsMatch(email, expression))
        {
            if (Regex.Replace(email, expression, string.Empty).Length == 0)
            {
                return true;
            }
        }
        return false;
    }

你可以在一个通用类中使用这个静态函数。