当你从Spring Data中获得你的Iterable时，你有两个额外的选择。

You can override the method that returns the Iterable in the repository with a version that returns a List, Set or Streamable. This way Spring Data is doing the conversion for you. You may do so in a super interface of your repositories so you don't have to repeat the override in all your repository interfaces. If you happen to use Spring Data JPA this is already done for you in JpaRepository You may do the conversion using the just mentioned Streamable yourself: Iterable<X> iterable = repo.findAll(); List<X> list = Streamable.of(iterable).toList();

既然你提到了沮丧，也许还有一些决定使用Iterable帮助的背景。

It is expected that it is actually fairly rare to actually require a Collection so in many cases it shouldn't make a difference. Using the overriding mechanics one can return different types which wouldn't be possible with a more specific return type like Collection. This would make it impossible to return a Streamable which is intended for cases where a store may decide to return a result before all elements have been fetched. Streamable would actually be a flexible return type, since it offers easy conversions to List, Set, Stream and is itself an Iterable. But this would require you to use a Spring Data specific type in your application which many users wouldn't like.

在参考文档中有关于这方面的章节。

这不是对你问题的回答，但我相信这是解决你问题的办法。org.springframework.data.repository.CrudRepository接口确实有返回java.lang.Iterable的方法，但是你不应该使用这个接口。而是使用子接口，在你的例子中是org.springframework.data.mongodb.repository.MongoRepository。该接口具有返回java.util.List类型对象的方法。

如果您可以更新到Spring Data 3，那么这个问题已经解决了。有一个新的界面ListCrudRepository，它做的正是你想要的。

这是来自https://spring.io/blog/2022/02/22/announcing-listcrudrepository-friends-for-spring-data-3-0:的界面

public interface ListCrudRepository<T, ID> extends CrudRepository<T, ID> {
    <S extends T> List<S> saveAll(Iterable<S> entities);
    List<T> findAll();
    List<T> findAllById(Iterable<ID> ids);
}

注意，在版本3中必须实现两个接口

所以在版本2中

public interface PersonRepository<Person, Long> extends 
   PagingAndSortingRepository<Person, Long> {}

在版本3中应改为:

public interface PersonRepository<Person, Long> extends
    PagingAndSortingRepository<Person, Long>,ListCrudRepository<Person, Long> {}

其他变化见https://spring.io/blog/2022/02/22/announcing-listcrudrepository-friends-for-spring-data-3-0

只要你调用contains, containsAll, equals, hashCode, remove, retainAll, size或toArray，你就必须遍历元素。

如果您偶尔只调用isEmpty或clear等方法，我认为您最好是惰性地创建集合。例如，你可以有一个支持数组列表来存储先前迭代的元素。

我不知道任何一个库中有这样的类，但是编写它应该是一个相当简单的练习。

我使用我的自定义实用程序强制转换现有的集合(如果可用)。

主要:

public static <T> Collection<T> toCollection(Iterable<T> iterable) {
    if (iterable instanceof Collection) {
        return (Collection<T>) iterable;
    } else {
        return Lists.newArrayList(iterable);
    }
}

理想情况下，上面将使用immutabelist，但ImmutableCollection不允许空值，这可能会产生不希望看到的结果。

测试:

@Test
public void testToCollectionAlreadyCollection() {
    ArrayList<String> list = Lists.newArrayList(FIRST, MIDDLE, LAST);
    assertSame("no need to change, just cast", list, toCollection(list));
}

@Test
public void testIterableToCollection() {
    final ArrayList<String> expected = Lists.newArrayList(FIRST, null, MIDDLE, LAST);

    Collection<String> collection = toCollection(new Iterable<String>() {
        @Override
        public Iterator<String> iterator() {
            return expected.iterator();
        }
    });
    assertNotSame("a new list must have been created", expected, collection);
    assertTrue(expected + " != " + collection, CollectionUtils.isEqualCollection(expected, collection));
}

我为集合的所有子类型(Set,List等)实现了类似的实用程序。我以为这些已经是番石榴的一部分了，但我还没找到。

下面是一个在Java 8中实现这一功能的SSCCE

import java.util.ArrayList;
import java.util.Collection;
import java.util.HashSet;
import java.util.LinkedList;
import java.util.stream.Collectors;
import java.util.stream.IntStream;

public class IterableToCollection {
    public interface CollectionFactory <T, U extends Collection<T>> {
        U createCollection();
    }

    public static <T, U extends Collection<T>> U collect(Iterable<T> iterable, CollectionFactory<T, U> factory) {
        U collection = factory.createCollection();
        iterable.forEach(collection::add);
        return collection;
    }

    public static void main(String[] args) {
        Iterable<Integer> iterable = IntStream.range(0, 5).boxed().collect(Collectors.toList());
        ArrayList<Integer> arrayList = collect(iterable, ArrayList::new);
        HashSet<Integer> hashSet = collect(iterable, HashSet::new);
        LinkedList<Integer> linkedList = collect(iterable, LinkedList::new);
    }
}