这个解决方案呢

public class BaseActivity extends Activity
{

    static String currentAct = "";

    @Override
    protected void onStart()
    {
        super.onStart();

        if (currentAct.equals(""))
            Toast.makeText(this, "Start", Toast.LENGTH_LONG).show();

        currentAct = getLocalClassName();
    }

    @Override
    protected void onStop()
    {
        super.onStop();

        if (currentAct.equals(getLocalClassName()))
        {
            currentAct = "";
            Toast.makeText(this, "Stop", Toast.LENGTH_LONG).show();
        }
    }
}

所有的Activity都需要扩展BaseActivity。

当一个活动调用另一个(A->B)时，currentAct不等于getLocalClassName()，因为第二个活动(B)的onStart()在第一个(A) (https://developer.android.com/guide/components/activities.html#CoordinatingActivities)的onStop()之前被调用。

当用户按下home键或应用程序之间的变化将只调用onStop()，然后currentAct等于getLocalClassName()。

有三种方法可以实现这一点:

单一活动架构 ActivityLifecycleCallback 生命周期观察者和进程生命周期所有者

我在这里写了一篇关于这个的详细文章。希望能有所帮助。

这是@d60402回答的修改版本:https://stackoverflow.com/a/15573121/4747587

按照上面提到的去做。但是，与其有一个Base Activity，并将其作为每个活动的父活动，并重写onResume()和onPause，不如执行以下操作:

在你的应用程序类中，添加这样一行:

registerActivityLifecycleCallbacks(应用程序。ActivityLifecycleCallbacks回调);

这个回调有所有的活动生命周期方法，你现在可以覆盖onactivityresume()和onActivityPaused()。

看看这个Gist: https://gist.github.com/thsaravana/1fa576b6af9fc8fff20acfb2ac79fa1b

我们可以使用LiveData扩展这个解决方案:

class AppForegroundStateLiveData : LiveData<AppForegroundStateLiveData.State>() {

    private var lifecycleListener: LifecycleObserver? = null

    override fun onActive() {
        super.onActive()
        lifecycleListener = AppLifecycleListener().also {
            ProcessLifecycleOwner.get().lifecycle.addObserver(it)
        }
    }

    override fun onInactive() {
        super.onInactive()
        lifecycleListener?.let {
            this.lifecycleListener = null
            ProcessLifecycleOwner.get().lifecycle.removeObserver(it)
        }
    }

    internal inner class AppLifecycleListener : LifecycleObserver {

        @OnLifecycleEvent(Lifecycle.Event.ON_START)
        fun onMoveToForeground() {
            value = State.FOREGROUND
        }

        @OnLifecycleEvent(Lifecycle.Event.ON_STOP)
        fun onMoveToBackground() {
            value = State.BACKGROUND
        }
    }

    enum class State {
        FOREGROUND, BACKGROUND
    }
}

现在我们可以订阅这个LiveData并捕获所需的事件。例如:

appForegroundStateLiveData.observeForever { state ->
    when(state) {
        AppForegroundStateLiveData.State.FOREGROUND -> { /* app move to foreground */ }
        AppForegroundStateLiveData.State.BACKGROUND -> { /* app move to background */ }
    }
}

使用ProcessLifecycleOwner在Activity(或任何类)中从后台到前台检测app的示例。 当应用程序启动时，我缓存启动时间，然后在每个活动中，我将检查应用程序时间，以知道活动是否在第一时间启动或从后台启动

class MyApplication : Application(), LifecycleObserver {

    var appStartBeginTime: Long? = null

    override fun onCreate() {
        super.onCreate()
        ProcessLifecycleOwner.get().lifecycle.addObserver(this);
    }

    @OnLifecycleEvent(Lifecycle.Event.ON_START)
    fun onMoveToForeground() {
        Log.i("TAG", "onMoveToForeground")
        appStartBeginTime = System.currentTimeMillis()
    }
}

LoginActivity

class LoginActivity : AppCompatActivity() {
    var localAppStartBeginTime: Long? = null

    ...
    
    // Detect in onResume() instead of onStart because 
    // onMoveToForeground() in MyApplication will fired before onStart 
    override fun onResume() {
        super.onResume()
        if (isOpenedFirstTimeOrFromBackground()) {
            Log.i("TAG", "open first time or from background")

            // do something: eg, call API
        } else {
            Log.i("TAG", "on in another time")
        }
    }

    private fun isOpenedFirstTimeOrFromBackground(): Boolean {
        val globalStartBeginTime = (application as MyApplication).appStartBeginTime
        if (localAppStartBeginTime != globalStartBeginTime) {
            localAppStartBeginTime = globalStartBeginTime
            return true
        }
        return false
    }
}

安卓清单

<manifest ...>

    <application
        android:name=".MyApplication"
        ...>
            
    </application>

</manifest>

演示 https://github.com/PhanVanLinh/AndroidDetectAppFromBackgroundToForeground

考虑使用onUserLeaveHint。它只会在应用进入后台时被调用。onPause会有一些极端情况需要处理，因为它可以被用于其他原因;例如，如果用户在你的应用程序中打开另一个活动，比如你的设置页面，你的主活动的onPause方法将被调用，即使它们仍然在你的应用程序中;当你可以简单地使用onUserLeaveHint回调函数来做你所要求的事情时，跟踪正在进行的事情将导致错误。

当调用on UserLeaveHint时，你可以设置一个boolean inBackground标志为true。当onResume被调用时，如果inBackground标志被设置，只假设你回到前台。这是因为onResume也将被调用在你的主要活动，如果用户只是在你的设置菜单，从来没有离开应用程序。

Remember that if the user hits the home button while in your settings screen, onUserLeaveHint will be called in your settings activity, and when they return onResume will be called in your settings activity. If you only have this detection code in your main activity you will miss this use case. To have this code in all your activities without duplicating code, have an abstract activity class which extends Activity, and put your common code in it. Then each activity you have can extend this abstract activity.

例如:

public abstract AbstractActivity extends Activity {
    private static boolean inBackground = false;

    @Override
    public void onResume() {
        if (inBackground) {
            // You just came from the background
            inBackground = false;
        }
        else {
            // You just returned from another activity within your own app
        }
    }

    @Override
    public void onUserLeaveHint() {
        inBackground = true;
    }
}

public abstract MainActivity extends AbstractActivity {
    ...
}

public abstract SettingsActivity extends AbstractActivity {
    ...
}