基于Martín marconcini的回答(谢谢!)我终于找到了一个可靠(而且非常简单)的解决方案。

public class ApplicationLifecycleHandler implements Application.ActivityLifecycleCallbacks, ComponentCallbacks2 {

    private static final String TAG = ApplicationLifecycleHandler.class.getSimpleName();
    private static boolean isInBackground = false;

    @Override
    public void onActivityCreated(Activity activity, Bundle bundle) {
    }

    @Override
    public void onActivityStarted(Activity activity) {
    }

    @Override
    public void onActivityResumed(Activity activity) {

        if(isInBackground){
            Log.d(TAG, "app went to foreground");
            isInBackground = false;
        }
    }

    @Override
    public void onActivityPaused(Activity activity) {
    }

    @Override
    public void onActivityStopped(Activity activity) {
    }

    @Override
    public void onActivitySaveInstanceState(Activity activity, Bundle bundle) {
    }

    @Override
    public void onActivityDestroyed(Activity activity) {
    }

    @Override
    public void onConfigurationChanged(Configuration configuration) {
    }

    @Override
    public void onLowMemory() {
    }

    @Override
    public void onTrimMemory(int i) {
        if(i == ComponentCallbacks2.TRIM_MEMORY_UI_HIDDEN){
            Log.d(TAG, "app went to background");
            isInBackground = true;
        }
    }
}

然后将其添加到Application类的onCreate()中

public class MyApp extends android.app.Application {

    @Override
    public void onCreate() {
        super.onCreate();

        ApplicationLifeCycleHandler handler = new ApplicationLifeCycleHandler();
        registerActivityLifecycleCallbacks(handler);
        registerComponentCallbacks(handler);

    }

}

我在谷歌Analytics EasyTracker中使用了这个，它起作用了。可以将其扩展为使用简单整数来完成您想要的任务。

public class MainApplication extends Application {

    int isAppBackgrounded = 0;

    @Override
    public void onCreate() {
        super.onCreate();
        appBackgroundedDetector();
    }

    private void appBackgroundedDetector() {
        registerActivityLifecycleCallbacks(new ActivityLifecycleCallbacks() {
            @Override
            public void onActivityCreated(Activity activity, Bundle bundle) {

            }

            @Override
            public void onActivityStarted(Activity activity) {
                EasyTracker.getInstance(MainApplication.this).activityStart(activity);
            }

            @Override
            public void onActivityResumed(Activity activity) {
                isAppBackgrounded++;
                if (isAppBackgrounded > 0) {
                    // Do something here
                }
            }

            @Override
            public void onActivityPaused(Activity activity) {
                isAppBackgrounded--;
            }

            @Override
            public void onActivityStopped(Activity activity) {
                EasyTracker.getInstance(MainApplication.this).activityStop(activity);
            }

            @Override
            public void onActivitySaveInstanceState(Activity activity, Bundle bundle) {

            }

            @Override
            public void onActivityDestroyed(Activity activity) {

            }
        });
    }
}

你可以使用:

onRestart ()

重新开始和重新开始的区别。

下面是我解决这个问题的方法。它的工作前提是，在活动转换之间使用时间参考最有可能提供足够的证据来证明应用程序是否“背景化”。

首先，我使用了一个android.app.Application实例(让我们称它为MyApplication)，它有一个Timer，一个TimerTask，一个常量来表示从一个活动过渡到另一个活动可以合理地花费的最大毫秒数(我用了一个2s的值)，一个布尔值来指示应用程序是否“在后台”:

public class MyApplication extends Application {

    private Timer mActivityTransitionTimer;
    private TimerTask mActivityTransitionTimerTask;
    public boolean wasInBackground;
    private final long MAX_ACTIVITY_TRANSITION_TIME_MS = 2000;
    ...

应用程序还提供了两种方法来启动和停止定时器/任务:

public void startActivityTransitionTimer() {
    this.mActivityTransitionTimer = new Timer();
    this.mActivityTransitionTimerTask = new TimerTask() {
        public void run() {
            MyApplication.this.wasInBackground = true;
        }
    };

    this.mActivityTransitionTimer.schedule(mActivityTransitionTimerTask,
                                           MAX_ACTIVITY_TRANSITION_TIME_MS);
}

public void stopActivityTransitionTimer() {
    if (this.mActivityTransitionTimerTask != null) {
        this.mActivityTransitionTimerTask.cancel();
    }

    if (this.mActivityTransitionTimer != null) {
        this.mActivityTransitionTimer.cancel();
    }

    this.wasInBackground = false;
}

这个解决方案的最后一部分是从所有活动的onResume()和onPause()事件中添加对这些方法的调用，或者，最好是在所有具体活动继承的基础活动中:

@Override
public void onResume()
{
    super.onResume();

    MyApplication myApp = (MyApplication)this.getApplication();
    if (myApp.wasInBackground)
    {
        //Do specific came-here-from-background code
    }

    myApp.stopActivityTransitionTimer();
}

@Override
public void onPause()
{
    super.onPause();
    ((MyApplication)this.getApplication()).startActivityTransitionTimer();
}

所以在这种情况下，当用户只是在你的应用程序的活动之间导航，离开活动的onPause()启动定时器，但几乎立即进入的新活动取消定时器之前，它可以达到最大过渡时间。wasInBackground也是假的。

另一方面，当一个Activity从启动器来到前台，设备被唤醒，结束电话呼叫等，更有可能是定时器任务在此事件之前执行，因此wasInBackground被设置为true。

My app needs to "reboot" after return from background - show a series of activities, according to client solicitations. After extensive search on how to manage the background/foreground transitions (treated very differently between iOS and Android), I crossed this question. Found very useful help here, specially from the most voted answer and the one flagged as correct. However, simply reinstantiate the root activity EVERY TIME the app enters foreground looked too annoying, when you think about UX. The solution that worked for me, and the one I think's most adequated - based on the Youtube and Twitter apps functionality - was to combine the answers from @GirishNair and @d60402: Calling the timer when the app's trimming memory, as follows:

@Override
public void onTrimMemory(int level) {
    if (stateOfLifeCycle.equals("Stop")) {
        startActivityTransitionTimer();
    }

    super.onTrimMemory(level);
}

我的定时器限制设置为30秒-我正在考虑增加一点。

private final long MAX_ACTIVITY_TRANSITION_TIME = 30000;

当app进入前台，重新启动，或者app被销毁时，调用方法取消定时器。

在应用程序扩展:

@Override
public void onActivityCreated(Activity activity, Bundle arg1) {
    stopActivityTransitionTimer();
    stateOfLifeCycle = "Create";
}

@Override
public void onActivityDestroyed(Activity activity) {
    stopActivityTransitionTimer();
    stateOfLifeCycle = "Destroy";
}

在活动上(最好是在一个基础活动上，由其他活动继承):

@Override
protected void onStart() {
    super.onStart();
    if (App.wasInBackground) {
        stopActivityTransitionTimer();
    }
}

在我的情况下，当应用程序在最大时间后进入前台时，会创建一个新任务，因此stopActivityTransitionTimer()在onActivityCreated()或onActivityDestroyed()上被调用，在应用程序扩展类中-转向不必要调用活动中的方法。 希望能有所帮助。

我设法监控应用导航到后台和回前台通过实现一个BaseActivity，利用onResume, onPause和onStop活动回调的使用。这是我的实现。

override fun onResume() {
    super.onResume()
    if (AppActivityState.state == AppState.ON_LAUNCHED) {
        // We are in the first launch.
        onLaunched()
    } else {
        if (AppActivityState.state == AppState.ON_BACKGROUND) {
            // We came from background to foreground.
            AppActivityState.state = AppState.ON_FOREGROUND
            onForeground()
        } else {
            // We are just navigating through pages.
            AppActivityState.state = AppState.RESUMED
        }
    }
}

override fun onPause() {
    super.onPause()
    // If state is followed by onStop then it means we will going to background.
    AppActivityState.state = AppState.PAUSED
}

override fun onStop() {
    super.onStop()

    // App will go to background base on the 'pause' cue.
    if (AppActivityState.state == AppState.PAUSED) {
        AppActivityState.state = AppState.ON_BACKGROUND
        onBackground()
    }
}

在创建BaseActivity之后，你只需要将这个activity扩展到应用程序中的任何activity。

在这些类型的实现中，您可以准确地检测到以下内容: onBackground >应用程序将进入后台 onForeground >应用将返回前台 onLaunch >应用程序刚刚打开

我希望这对你有帮助:)