我试图写一个应用程序,做一些具体的时候,它被带回前台后一段时间。是否有一种方法可以检测应用程序是被发送到后台还是被带到前台?
当前回答
这是我的解决方案。只需在您的主Application类中注册这个ActivityLifecycleCallbacks。在评论中,我提到了一个用户配置文件活动边缘情况。该活动只是一个具有透明边缘的活动。
/**
* This class used Activity lifecycle callbacks to determine when the application goes to the
* background as well as when it is brought to the foreground.
*/
public class Foreground implements Application.ActivityLifecycleCallbacks
{
/**
* How long to wait before checking onStart()/onStop() count to determine if the app has been
* backgrounded.
*/
public static final long BACKGROUND_CHECK_DELAY_MS = 500;
private static Foreground sInstance;
private final Handler mMainThreadHandler = new Handler(Looper.getMainLooper());
private boolean mIsForeground = false;
private int mCount;
public static void init(final Application application)
{
if (sInstance == null)
{
sInstance = new Foreground();
application.registerActivityLifecycleCallbacks(sInstance);
}
}
public static Foreground getInstance()
{
return sInstance;
}
public boolean isForeground()
{
return mIsForeground;
}
public boolean isBackground()
{
return !mIsForeground;
}
@Override
public void onActivityStarted(final Activity activity)
{
mCount++;
// Remove posted Runnables so any Meteor disconnect is cancelled if the user comes back to
// the app before it runs.
mMainThreadHandler.removeCallbacksAndMessages(null);
if (!mIsForeground)
{
mIsForeground = true;
}
}
@Override
public void onActivityStopped(final Activity activity)
{
mCount--;
// A transparent Activity like community user profile won't stop the Activity that launched
// it. If you launch another Activity from the user profile or hit the Android home button,
// there are two onStops(). One for the user profile and one for its parent. Remove any
// posted Runnables so we don't get two session ended events.
mMainThreadHandler.removeCallbacksAndMessages(null);
mMainThreadHandler.postDelayed(new Runnable()
{
@Override
public void run()
{
if (mCount == 0)
{
mIsForeground = false;
}
}
}, BACKGROUND_CHECK_DELAY_MS);
}
@Override
public void onActivityCreated(final Activity activity, final Bundle savedInstanceState)
{
}
@Override
public void onActivityResumed(final Activity activity)
{
}
@Override
public void onActivityPaused(final Activity activity)
{
}
@Override
public void onActivitySaveInstanceState(final Activity activity, final Bundle outState)
{
}
@Override
public void onActivityDestroyed(final Activity activity)
{
}
}
其他回答
这个解决方案呢
public class BaseActivity extends Activity
{
static String currentAct = "";
@Override
protected void onStart()
{
super.onStart();
if (currentAct.equals(""))
Toast.makeText(this, "Start", Toast.LENGTH_LONG).show();
currentAct = getLocalClassName();
}
@Override
protected void onStop()
{
super.onStop();
if (currentAct.equals(getLocalClassName()))
{
currentAct = "";
Toast.makeText(this, "Stop", Toast.LENGTH_LONG).show();
}
}
}
所有的Activity都需要扩展BaseActivity。
当一个活动调用另一个(A->B)时,currentAct不等于getLocalClassName(),因为第二个活动(B)的onStart()在第一个(A) (https://developer.android.com/guide/components/activities.html#CoordinatingActivities)的onStop()之前被调用。
当用户按下home键或应用程序之间的变化将只调用onStop(),然后currentAct等于getLocalClassName()。
编辑:新的体系结构组件带来了一些有希望的东西:ProcessLifecycleOwner,参见@vokilam的回答
实际解决方案根据谷歌I/O谈话:
class YourApplication : Application() {
override fun onCreate() {
super.onCreate()
registerActivityLifecycleCallbacks(AppLifecycleTracker())
}
}
class AppLifecycleTracker : Application.ActivityLifecycleCallbacks {
private var numStarted = 0
override fun onActivityStarted(activity: Activity?) {
if (numStarted == 0) {
// app went to foreground
}
numStarted++
}
override fun onActivityStopped(activity: Activity?) {
numStarted--
if (numStarted == 0) {
// app went to background
}
}
}
是的。我知道很难相信这个简单的解决方案有效,因为我们有这么多奇怪的解决方案。
但还是有希望的。
您可以使用ProcessLifecycleOwner将生命周期观察者附加到它。
public class ForegroundLifecycleObserver implements LifecycleObserver {
@OnLifecycleEvent(Lifecycle.Event.ON_CREATE)
public void onAppCreated() {
Timber.d("onAppCreated() called");
}
@OnLifecycleEvent(Lifecycle.Event.ON_START)
public void onAppStarted() {
Timber.d("onAppStarted() called");
}
@OnLifecycleEvent(Event.ON_RESUME)
public void onAppResumed() {
Timber.d("onAppResumed() called");
}
@OnLifecycleEvent(Event.ON_PAUSE)
public void onAppPaused() {
Timber.d("onAppPaused() called");
}
@OnLifecycleEvent(Event.ON_STOP)
public void onAppStopped() {
Timber.d("onAppStopped() called");
}
}
然后在你的Application类的onCreate()你调用这个:
ProcessLifecycleOwner.get().getLifecycle().addObserver(new ForegroundLifecycleObserver());
有了它,你将能够捕捉应用程序在后台运行时发生的ON_PAUSE和ON_STOP事件。
您可以在ActivityLifecycleCallbacks和ComponentCallbacks2的帮助下轻松实现这一点。
创建一个实现上述接口的类AppLifeCycleHandler。
package com.sample.app;
import android.app.Activity;
import android.app.Application;
import android.content.ComponentCallbacks2;
import android.content.res.Configuration;
import android.os.Bundle;
/**
* Created by Naveen on 17/04/18
*/
public class AppLifeCycleHandler
implements Application.ActivityLifecycleCallbacks, ComponentCallbacks2 {
AppLifeCycleCallback appLifeCycleCallback;
boolean appInForeground;
public AppLifeCycleHandler(AppLifeCycleCallback appLifeCycleCallback) {
this.appLifeCycleCallback = appLifeCycleCallback;
}
@Override
public void onActivityResumed(Activity activity) {
if (!appInForeground) {
appInForeground = true;
appLifeCycleCallback.onAppForeground();
}
}
@Override
public void onTrimMemory(int i) {
if (i == ComponentCallbacks2.TRIM_MEMORY_UI_HIDDEN) {
appInForeground = false;
appLifeCycleCallback.onAppBackground();
}
}
@Override
public void onActivityCreated(Activity activity, Bundle bundle) {
}
@Override
public void onActivityStarted(Activity activity) {
}
@Override
public void onActivityPaused(Activity activity) {
}
@Override
public void onActivityStopped(Activity activity) {
}
@Override
public void onActivitySaveInstanceState(Activity activity, Bundle bundle) {
}
@Override
public void onActivityDestroyed(Activity activity) {
}
@Override
public void onConfigurationChanged(Configuration configuration) {
}
@Override
public void onLowMemory() {
}
interface AppLifeCycleCallback {
void onAppBackground();
void onAppForeground();
}
}
在你的类中,当应用程序在前台和后台之间切换时,应用程序实现AppLifeCycleCallback来获得回调。如下图所示。
public class BaseApplication extends Application implements AppLifeCycleHandler.AppLifeCycleCallback{
@Override
public void onCreate() {
super.onCreate();
AppLifeCycleHandler appLifeCycleHandler = new AppLifeCycleHandler(this);
registerActivityLifecycleCallbacks(appLifeCycleHandler);
registerComponentCallbacks(appLifeCycleHandler);
}
@Override
public void onAppBackground() {
Log.d("LifecycleEvent", "onAppBackground");
}
@Override
public void onAppForeground() {
Log.d("LifecycleEvent", "onAppForeground");
}
}
希望这能有所帮助。
编辑 作为替代方案,您现在可以使用生命周期感知的体系结构组件。
这似乎是Android中最复杂的问题之一,因为(在撰写本文时)Android没有iOS中等效的applicationDidEnterBackground()或applicationwillenter前台()回调。我使用了一个由@jenzz组合的AppState库。
[AppState]是一个基于RxJava的简单的响应式Android库,用于监控应用程序状态的变化。每当应用程序进入后台并返回前台时,它都会通知订阅者。
事实证明,这正是我所需要的,特别是因为我的应用程序有多个活动,所以简单地检查onStart()或onStop()对一个活动不会削减它。
首先,我将这些依赖项添加到gradle:
dependencies {
compile 'com.jenzz.appstate:appstate:3.0.1'
compile 'com.jenzz.appstate:adapter-rxjava2:3.0.1'
}
然后,将这些行添加到代码中适当的位置就很简单了:
//Note that this uses RxJava 2.x adapter. Check the referenced github site for other ways of using observable
Observable<AppState> appState = RxAppStateMonitor.monitor(myApplication);
//where myApplication is a subclass of android.app.Application
appState.subscribe(new Consumer<AppState>() {
@Override
public void accept(@io.reactivex.annotations.NonNull AppState appState) throws Exception {
switch (appState) {
case FOREGROUND:
Log.i("info","App entered foreground");
break;
case BACKGROUND:
Log.i("info","App entered background");
break;
}
}
});
根据你订阅可观察对象的方式,你可能不得不取消订阅以避免内存泄漏。更多信息再次在github页面。
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