我试图写一个应用程序,做一些具体的时候,它被带回前台后一段时间。是否有一种方法可以检测应用程序是被发送到后台还是被带到前台?
当前回答
2021年11月更新
实际设置如下
class App : Application() {
override fun onCreate() {
super.onCreate()
ProcessLifecycleOwner.get().lifecycle.addObserver(AppLifecycleListener())
}
}
class AppLifecycleListener : DefaultLifecycleObserver {
override fun onStart(owner: LifecycleOwner) { // app moved to foreground
}
override fun onStop(owner: LifecycleOwner) { // app moved to background
}
}
依赖关系
implementation "androidx.lifecycle:lifecycle-process:$lifecycle_version"
implementation "androidx.lifecycle:lifecycle-common:$lifecycle_version"
原来的答案
ProcessLifecycleOwner似乎也是一个很有前途的解决方案。
ProcessLifecycleOwner将分派ON_START, ON_RESUME事件,当第一个活动通过这些事件时。ON_PAUSE, ON_STOP,事件将在最后一个活动通过它们后延迟分派。这个延迟足够长,可以保证ProcessLifecycleOwner在由于配置更改而销毁和重新创建活动时不会发送任何事件。
实现可以简单到
class AppLifecycleListener : LifecycleObserver {
@OnLifecycleEvent(Lifecycle.Event.ON_START)
fun onMoveToForeground() { // app moved to foreground
}
@OnLifecycleEvent(Lifecycle.Event.ON_STOP)
fun onMoveToBackground() { // app moved to background
}
}
// register observer
ProcessLifecycleOwner.get().lifecycle.addObserver(AppLifecycleListener())
根据源代码,当前延迟值为700ms。
使用此特性还需要依赖项:
implementation "androidx.lifecycle:lifecycle-extensions:$lifecycleVersion"
其他回答
正确答案
创建名为MyApp的类,如下所示:
public class MyApp implements Application.ActivityLifecycleCallbacks, ComponentCallbacks2 {
private Context context;
public void setContext(Context context)
{
this.context = context;
}
private boolean isInBackground = false;
@Override
public void onTrimMemory(final int level) {
if (level == ComponentCallbacks2.TRIM_MEMORY_UI_HIDDEN) {
isInBackground = true;
Log.d("status = ","we are out");
}
}
@Override
public void onActivityCreated(Activity activity, Bundle bundle) {
}
@Override
public void onActivityStarted(Activity activity) {
}
@Override
public void onActivityResumed(Activity activity) {
if(isInBackground){
isInBackground = false;
Log.d("status = ","we are in");
}
}
@Override
public void onActivityPaused(Activity activity) {
}
@Override
public void onActivityStopped(Activity activity) {
}
@Override
public void onActivitySaveInstanceState(Activity activity, Bundle bundle) {
}
@Override
public void onActivityDestroyed(Activity activity) {
}
@Override
public void onConfigurationChanged(Configuration configuration) {
}
@Override
public void onLowMemory() {
}
}
然后,在你想要的任何地方(最好是在应用程序中启动的第一个活动),添加下面的代码:
MyApp myApp = new MyApp();
registerComponentCallbacks(myApp);
getApplication().registerActivityLifecycleCallbacks(myApp);
完成了!现在当应用程序在后台时,我们得到日志状态:我们退出 当我们进入app,我们得到log status,我们是out
这似乎是Android中最复杂的问题之一,因为(在撰写本文时)Android没有iOS中等效的applicationDidEnterBackground()或applicationwillenter前台()回调。我使用了一个由@jenzz组合的AppState库。
[AppState]是一个基于RxJava的简单的响应式Android库,用于监控应用程序状态的变化。每当应用程序进入后台并返回前台时,它都会通知订阅者。
事实证明,这正是我所需要的,特别是因为我的应用程序有多个活动,所以简单地检查onStart()或onStop()对一个活动不会削减它。
首先,我将这些依赖项添加到gradle:
dependencies {
compile 'com.jenzz.appstate:appstate:3.0.1'
compile 'com.jenzz.appstate:adapter-rxjava2:3.0.1'
}
然后,将这些行添加到代码中适当的位置就很简单了:
//Note that this uses RxJava 2.x adapter. Check the referenced github site for other ways of using observable
Observable<AppState> appState = RxAppStateMonitor.monitor(myApplication);
//where myApplication is a subclass of android.app.Application
appState.subscribe(new Consumer<AppState>() {
@Override
public void accept(@io.reactivex.annotations.NonNull AppState appState) throws Exception {
switch (appState) {
case FOREGROUND:
Log.i("info","App entered foreground");
break;
case BACKGROUND:
Log.i("info","App entered background");
break;
}
}
});
根据你订阅可观察对象的方式,你可能不得不取消订阅以避免内存泄漏。更多信息再次在github页面。
这里有一个解决方案,通过使用deboning逻辑,确保我们不会得到连续的背景/前景事件。所以,它总是反映一种稳定的背景/前景状态。
import androidx.lifecycle.Lifecycle
import androidx.lifecycle.LifecycleEventObserver
import androidx.lifecycle.LifecycleOwner
import java.util.Timer
import java.util.TimerTask
/**
* An observer class to listen on the app's lifecycle.
*/
class AppLifecycleObserver(
private val onAppGoesToBackground: () -> Unit = {},
private val onAppEntersForeground: () -> Unit = {}
) : LifecycleEventObserver {
private val debounce = DebouncingTimer(timeout = 10)
override fun onStateChanged(source: LifecycleOwner, event: Lifecycle.Event) {
debounce.refresh {
when (event.targetState) {
Lifecycle.State.CREATED -> onAppGoesToBackground()
Lifecycle.State.RESUMED -> onAppEntersForeground()
else -> Unit
}
}
}
fun attach() {
ProcessLifecycleOwner.get().lifecycle.addObserver(this)
}
fun detach() {
ProcessLifecycleOwner.get().lifecycle.removeObserver(this)
}
private class DebouncingTimer(private val timeout: Long) {
private var timer: Timer? = null
fun refresh(job: () -> Unit) {
timer?.cancel()
timer = Timer()
timer?.schedule(object : TimerTask() {
override fun run() = job.invoke()
}, timeout)
}
}
}
只需要创建一个AppLifecycleObserver实例:
private val appLifecycleObserver = AppLifecycleObserver(
onAppGoesToBackground = { // do whatever... },
onAppEntersForeground = { // do whatever... }
)
// Attach the observer when it is needed:
appLifecycleObserver.attach()
// Remove when there is no need to it:
appLifecycleObserver.detach()
不要忘记添加一个合适的依赖版本:
implementation("androidx.lifecycle:lifecycle-process:$lifecycle_version")
这些答案似乎不正确。当另一个活动开始和结束时,也会调用这些方法。你能做的是保留一个全局标志(是的,全局不好:),并在每次启动一个新活动时将其设置为true。在每个活动的onCreate中将其设置为false。然后,在onPause中检查这个标志。如果为假,你的应用就会进入后台,或者被杀死。
您可以在ActivityLifecycleCallbacks和ComponentCallbacks2的帮助下轻松实现这一点。
创建一个实现上述接口的类AppLifeCycleHandler。
package com.sample.app;
import android.app.Activity;
import android.app.Application;
import android.content.ComponentCallbacks2;
import android.content.res.Configuration;
import android.os.Bundle;
/**
* Created by Naveen on 17/04/18
*/
public class AppLifeCycleHandler
implements Application.ActivityLifecycleCallbacks, ComponentCallbacks2 {
AppLifeCycleCallback appLifeCycleCallback;
boolean appInForeground;
public AppLifeCycleHandler(AppLifeCycleCallback appLifeCycleCallback) {
this.appLifeCycleCallback = appLifeCycleCallback;
}
@Override
public void onActivityResumed(Activity activity) {
if (!appInForeground) {
appInForeground = true;
appLifeCycleCallback.onAppForeground();
}
}
@Override
public void onTrimMemory(int i) {
if (i == ComponentCallbacks2.TRIM_MEMORY_UI_HIDDEN) {
appInForeground = false;
appLifeCycleCallback.onAppBackground();
}
}
@Override
public void onActivityCreated(Activity activity, Bundle bundle) {
}
@Override
public void onActivityStarted(Activity activity) {
}
@Override
public void onActivityPaused(Activity activity) {
}
@Override
public void onActivityStopped(Activity activity) {
}
@Override
public void onActivitySaveInstanceState(Activity activity, Bundle bundle) {
}
@Override
public void onActivityDestroyed(Activity activity) {
}
@Override
public void onConfigurationChanged(Configuration configuration) {
}
@Override
public void onLowMemory() {
}
interface AppLifeCycleCallback {
void onAppBackground();
void onAppForeground();
}
}
在你的类中,当应用程序在前台和后台之间切换时,应用程序实现AppLifeCycleCallback来获得回调。如下图所示。
public class BaseApplication extends Application implements AppLifeCycleHandler.AppLifeCycleCallback{
@Override
public void onCreate() {
super.onCreate();
AppLifeCycleHandler appLifeCycleHandler = new AppLifeCycleHandler(this);
registerActivityLifecycleCallbacks(appLifeCycleHandler);
registerComponentCallbacks(appLifeCycleHandler);
}
@Override
public void onAppBackground() {
Log.d("LifecycleEvent", "onAppBackground");
}
@Override
public void onAppForeground() {
Log.d("LifecycleEvent", "onAppForeground");
}
}
希望这能有所帮助。
编辑 作为替代方案,您现在可以使用生命周期感知的体系结构组件。
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