我试图写一个应用程序,做一些具体的时候,它被带回前台后一段时间。是否有一种方法可以检测应用程序是被发送到后台还是被带到前台?
当前回答
2021年11月更新
实际设置如下
class App : Application() {
override fun onCreate() {
super.onCreate()
ProcessLifecycleOwner.get().lifecycle.addObserver(AppLifecycleListener())
}
}
class AppLifecycleListener : DefaultLifecycleObserver {
override fun onStart(owner: LifecycleOwner) { // app moved to foreground
}
override fun onStop(owner: LifecycleOwner) { // app moved to background
}
}
依赖关系
implementation "androidx.lifecycle:lifecycle-process:$lifecycle_version"
implementation "androidx.lifecycle:lifecycle-common:$lifecycle_version"
原来的答案
ProcessLifecycleOwner似乎也是一个很有前途的解决方案。
ProcessLifecycleOwner将分派ON_START, ON_RESUME事件,当第一个活动通过这些事件时。ON_PAUSE, ON_STOP,事件将在最后一个活动通过它们后延迟分派。这个延迟足够长,可以保证ProcessLifecycleOwner在由于配置更改而销毁和重新创建活动时不会发送任何事件。
实现可以简单到
class AppLifecycleListener : LifecycleObserver {
@OnLifecycleEvent(Lifecycle.Event.ON_START)
fun onMoveToForeground() { // app moved to foreground
}
@OnLifecycleEvent(Lifecycle.Event.ON_STOP)
fun onMoveToBackground() { // app moved to background
}
}
// register observer
ProcessLifecycleOwner.get().lifecycle.addObserver(AppLifecycleListener())
根据源代码,当前延迟值为700ms。
使用此特性还需要依赖项:
implementation "androidx.lifecycle:lifecycle-extensions:$lifecycleVersion"
其他回答
没有直接的生命周期方法来告诉你整个应用程序何时进入后台或前台。
我用简单的方法做了这件事。按照下面的说明检测应用程序后台/前台阶段。
只要有一点变通办法,这是可能的。在这里,ActivityLifecycleCallbacks可以救场。让我一步一步来。
First, create a class that extends the android.app.Application and implements the ActivityLifecycleCallbacks interface. In the Application.onCreate(), register the callback. public class App extends Application implements Application.ActivityLifecycleCallbacks { @Override public void onCreate() { super.onCreate(); registerActivityLifecycleCallbacks(this); } } Register the “App” class in the Manifest as below, <application android:name=".App". There will be at least one Activity in the started state when the app is in the foreground and there will be no Activity in the started state when the app is in the background. Declare 2 variables as below in the “App” class. private int activityReferences = 0; private boolean isActivityChangingConfigurations = false; activityReferences will keep the count of number of activities in the started state. isActivityChangingConfigurations is a flag to indicate if the current Activity is going through configuration change like an orientation switch. Using the following code you can detect if the App comes foreground. @Override public void onActivityStarted(Activity activity) { if (++activityReferences == 1 && !isActivityChangingConfigurations) { // App enters foreground } } This is how to detect if the App goes background. @Override public void onActivityStopped(Activity activity) { isActivityChangingConfigurations = activity.isChangingConfigurations(); if (--activityReferences == 0 && !isActivityChangingConfigurations) { // App enters background } }
工作原理:
这是按顺序调用Lifecycle方法的一个小技巧。让我来演练一个场景。
假设用户启动了应用程序,启动器活动A被启动。生命周期调用将是,
A.onCreate () A.onStart() (++activityReferences == 1)(应用程序进入前台) A.onResume ()
现在活动A启动活动B。
A.onPause () B.onCreate () B.onStart() (++activityReferences == 2) B.onResume () A.onStop()(——activityReferences == 1)
然后用户从活动B导航回来,
B.onPause () A.onStart() (++activityReferences == 2) A.onResume () B.onStop()(——activityReferences == 1) B.onDestroy ()
然后用户按Home键,
A.onPause () A.onStop()(——activityReferences == 0)(应用程序进入后台)
在这种情况下,如果用户从活动B按Home键而不是后退键,它仍然是一样的,activityReferences将是0。因此,我们可以检测作为应用程序进入后台。
那么,isActivityChangingConfigurations的角色是什么?在上面的场景中,假设活动B改变了方向。回调序列将是,
B.onPause () B.onStop()(——activityReferences == 0)(应用程序进入后台??) B.onDestroy () B.onCreate () B.onStart() (++activityReferences == 1)(应用程序进入前台??) B.onResume ()
这就是为什么我们有一个额外的isActivityChangingConfigurations检查,以避免活动正在经历配置更改的场景。
我所做的是确保所有应用程序内的活动启动startActivityForResult,然后检查onActivityResult是否在onResume之前被调用。如果不是,这意味着我们刚刚从应用程序之外的某个地方返回。
boolean onActivityResultCalledBeforeOnResume;
@Override
public void startActivity(Intent intent) {
startActivityForResult(intent, 0);
}
@Override
protected void onActivityResult(int requestCode, int resultCode, Intent intent) {
super.onActivityResult(requestCode, resultCode, intent);
onActivityResultCalledBeforeOnResume = true;
}
@Override
protected void onResume() {
super.onResume();
if (!onActivityResultCalledBeforeOnResume) {
// here, app was brought to foreground
}
onActivityResultCalledBeforeOnResume = false;
}
我们可以使用LiveData扩展这个解决方案:
class AppForegroundStateLiveData : LiveData<AppForegroundStateLiveData.State>() {
private var lifecycleListener: LifecycleObserver? = null
override fun onActive() {
super.onActive()
lifecycleListener = AppLifecycleListener().also {
ProcessLifecycleOwner.get().lifecycle.addObserver(it)
}
}
override fun onInactive() {
super.onInactive()
lifecycleListener?.let {
this.lifecycleListener = null
ProcessLifecycleOwner.get().lifecycle.removeObserver(it)
}
}
internal inner class AppLifecycleListener : LifecycleObserver {
@OnLifecycleEvent(Lifecycle.Event.ON_START)
fun onMoveToForeground() {
value = State.FOREGROUND
}
@OnLifecycleEvent(Lifecycle.Event.ON_STOP)
fun onMoveToBackground() {
value = State.BACKGROUND
}
}
enum class State {
FOREGROUND, BACKGROUND
}
}
现在我们可以订阅这个LiveData并捕获所需的事件。例如:
appForegroundStateLiveData.observeForever { state ->
when(state) {
AppForegroundStateLiveData.State.FOREGROUND -> { /* app move to foreground */ }
AppForegroundStateLiveData.State.BACKGROUND -> { /* app move to background */ }
}
}
我知道有点晚了,但我认为所有这些答案都有一些问题,而我这样做了,这是完美的。
创建一个活动生命周期回调,如下所示:
class ActivityLifeCycle implements ActivityLifecycleCallbacks{
@Override
public void onActivityCreated(Activity activity, Bundle savedInstanceState) {
}
@Override
public void onActivityStarted(Activity activity) {
}
Activity lastActivity;
@Override
public void onActivityResumed(Activity activity) {
//if (null == lastActivity || (activity != null && activity == lastActivity)) //use this condition instead if you want to be informed also when app has been killed or started for the first time
if (activity != null && activity == lastActivity)
{
Toast.makeText(MyApp.this, "NOW!", Toast.LENGTH_LONG).show();
}
lastActivity = activity;
}
@Override
public void onActivityPaused(Activity activity) {
}
@Override
public void onActivityStopped(Activity activity) {
}
@Override
public void onActivitySaveInstanceState(Activity activity, Bundle outState) {
}
@Override
public void onActivityDestroyed(Activity activity) {
}
}
然后像下面这样在你的应用类上注册它:
public class MyApp extends Application {
@Override
public void onCreate() {
super.onCreate();
registerActivityLifecycleCallbacks(new ActivityLifeCycle());
}
我设法监控应用导航到后台和回前台通过实现一个BaseActivity,利用onResume, onPause和onStop活动回调的使用。这是我的实现。
override fun onResume() {
super.onResume()
if (AppActivityState.state == AppState.ON_LAUNCHED) {
// We are in the first launch.
onLaunched()
} else {
if (AppActivityState.state == AppState.ON_BACKGROUND) {
// We came from background to foreground.
AppActivityState.state = AppState.ON_FOREGROUND
onForeground()
} else {
// We are just navigating through pages.
AppActivityState.state = AppState.RESUMED
}
}
}
override fun onPause() {
super.onPause()
// If state is followed by onStop then it means we will going to background.
AppActivityState.state = AppState.PAUSED
}
override fun onStop() {
super.onStop()
// App will go to background base on the 'pause' cue.
if (AppActivityState.state == AppState.PAUSED) {
AppActivityState.state = AppState.ON_BACKGROUND
onBackground()
}
}
在创建BaseActivity之后,你只需要将这个activity扩展到应用程序中的任何activity。
在这些类型的实现中,您可以准确地检测到以下内容: onBackground >应用程序将进入后台 onForeground >应用将返回前台 onLaunch >应用程序刚刚打开
我希望这对你有帮助:)
推荐文章
- BottomSheetDialogFragment的圆角
- 在应用程序启动时出现“无法获得BatchedBridge,请确保您的bundle被正确打包”的错误
- 我如何改变默认对话框按钮的文本颜色在安卓5
- 更改单选按钮的圆圈颜色
- 如何在android中复制一个文件?
- adb找不到我的设备/手机(MacOS X)
- 如何在新的材质主题中改变背面箭头的颜色?
- androidviewpager与底部点
- 相同的导航抽屉在不同的活动
- 如何从视图中获得托管活动?
- 单一的TextView与多种颜色的文本
- 如何在非活动类(LocationManager)中使用getSystemService ?
- 在清单中注册应用程序类?
- Android:从数组中编程创建旋转器
- Android命令行工具sdkmanager总是显示:警告:无法创建设置