考虑一个包含名称的数据库表,其中有三行:
Peter
Paul
Mary
有没有一种简单的方法可以把它变成彼得、保罗、玛丽的一串?
考虑一个包含名称的数据库表,其中有三行:
Peter
Paul
Mary
有没有一种简单的方法可以把它变成彼得、保罗、玛丽的一串?
当前回答
Oracle有两种方法:
create table name
(first_name varchar2(30));
insert into name values ('Peter');
insert into name values ('Paul');
insert into name values ('Mary');
解决方案是1:
select substr(max(sys_connect_by_path (first_name, ',')),2) from (select rownum r, first_name from name ) n start with r=1 connect by prior r+1=r
o/p=> Peter,Paul,Mary
解决方案是2:
select rtrim(xmlagg (xmlelement (e, first_name || ',')).extract ('//text()'), ',') first_name from name
o/p=> Peter,Paul,Mary
其他回答
使用递归查询,您可以执行以下操作:
-- Create example table
CREATE TABLE tmptable (NAME VARCHAR(30)) ;
-- Insert example data
INSERT INTO tmptable VALUES('PETER');
INSERT INTO tmptable VALUES('PAUL');
INSERT INTO tmptable VALUES('MARY');
-- Recurse query
with tblwithrank as (
select * , row_number() over(order by name) rang , count(*) over() NbRow
from tmptable
),
tmpRecursive as (
select *, cast(name as varchar(2000)) as AllName from tblwithrank where rang=1
union all
select f0.*, cast(f0.name + ',' + f1.AllName as varchar(2000)) as AllName
from tblwithrank f0 inner join tmpRecursive f1 on f0.rang=f1.rang +1
)
select AllName from tmpRecursive
where rang=NbRow
在SQL Server中实现这一点的一种方法是将表内容返回为XML(对于XML原始),将结果转换为字符串,然后用“,”替换标记。
使用COALESCE-从这里了解更多信息
例如:
102103104
然后在SQL Server中编写以下代码,
Declare @Numbers AS Nvarchar(MAX) -- It must not be MAX if you have few numbers
SELECT @Numbers = COALESCE(@Numbers + ',', '') + Number
FROM TableName where Number IS NOT NULL
SELECT @Numbers
输出将是:
102,103,104
在PostgreSQL中-array_agg
SELECT array_to_string(array_agg(DISTINCT rolname), ',') FROM pg_catalog.pg_roles;
或STRING_AGG
SELECT STRING_AGG(rolname::text,',') FROM pg_catalog.pg_roles;
提出了递归CTE解决方案,但没有提供代码。下面的代码是递归CTE的示例。
请注意,虽然结果与问题相符,但数据与给定的描述并不完全相符,因为我假设您确实希望对行组(而不是表中的所有行)执行此操作。将其更改为与表中的所有行相匹配是读者的练习。
;WITH basetable AS (
SELECT
id,
CAST(name AS VARCHAR(MAX)) name,
ROW_NUMBER() OVER (Partition BY id ORDER BY seq) rw,
COUNT(*) OVER (Partition BY id) recs
FROM (VALUES
(1, 'Johnny', 1),
(1, 'M', 2),
(2, 'Bill', 1),
(2, 'S.', 4),
(2, 'Preston', 5),
(2, 'Esq.', 6),
(3, 'Ted', 1),
(3, 'Theodore', 2),
(3, 'Logan', 3),
(4, 'Peter', 1),
(4, 'Paul', 2),
(4, 'Mary', 3)
) g (id, name, seq)
),
rCTE AS (
SELECT recs, id, name, rw
FROM basetable
WHERE rw = 1
UNION ALL
SELECT b.recs, r.ID, r.name +', '+ b.name name, r.rw + 1
FROM basetable b
INNER JOIN rCTE r ON b.id = r.id AND b.rw = r.rw + 1
)
SELECT name
FROM rCTE
WHERE recs = rw AND ID=4
OPTION (MAXRECURSION 101)