考虑一个包含名称的数据库表,其中有三行:

Peter
Paul
Mary

有没有一种简单的方法可以把它变成彼得、保罗、玛丽的一串?


当前回答

使用COALESCE-从这里了解更多信息

例如:

102103104

然后在SQL Server中编写以下代码,

Declare @Numbers AS Nvarchar(MAX) -- It must not be MAX if you have few numbers
SELECT  @Numbers = COALESCE(@Numbers + ',', '') + Number
FROM   TableName where Number IS NOT NULL

SELECT @Numbers

输出将是:

102,103,104

其他回答

PostgreSQL数组非常棒。例子:

创建一些测试数据:

postgres=# \c test
You are now connected to database "test" as user "hgimenez".
test=# create table names (name text);
CREATE TABLE
test=# insert into names (name) values ('Peter'), ('Paul'), ('Mary');
INSERT 0 3
test=# select * from names;
 name
-------
 Peter
 Paul
 Mary
(3 rows)

将它们聚合到一个数组中:

test=# select array_agg(name) from names;
 array_agg
-------------------
 {Peter,Paul,Mary}
(1 row)

将数组转换为逗号分隔的字符串:

test=# select array_to_string(array_agg(name), ', ') from names;
 array_to_string
-------------------
 Peter, Paul, Mary
(1 row)

DONE

由于PostgreSQL 9.0,引用删除的答案“没有名字的马”更容易:

select string_agg(name, ',') 
from names;

SQL Server中尚未通过XML data()命令显示的一个方法是:

假设一个名为NameList的表有一列名为FName,

SELECT FName + ', ' AS 'data()'
FROM NameList
FOR XML PATH('')

返回:

"Peter, Paul, Mary, "

只需处理额外的逗号。

正如@NReilingh的注释所采用的,您可以使用以下方法删除尾随逗号。假设表和列名相同:

STUFF(REPLACE((SELECT '#!' + LTRIM(RTRIM(FName)) AS 'data()' FROM NameList
FOR XML PATH('')),' #!',', '), 1, 2, '') as Brands

在SQL Server 2017或更高版本中,可以使用STRING_AGG()函数生成逗号分隔的值。请看下面的一个示例。

SELECT
    VendorId, STRING_AGG(FirstName,',') UsersName
FROM Users
WHERE VendorId != 9
GROUP BY VendorId

SQL Server 2017+和SQL Azure:STRING_AGG

从SQL Server的下一个版本开始,我们终于可以跨行连接,而无需使用任何变量或XML开关。

STRING_AGG(Transact-SQL)

不分组

SELECT STRING_AGG(Name, ', ') AS Departments
FROM HumanResources.Department;

分组时:

SELECT GroupName, STRING_AGG(Name, ', ') AS Departments
FROM HumanResources.Department
GROUP BY GroupName;

带分组和子排序

SELECT GroupName, STRING_AGG(Name, ', ') WITHIN GROUP (ORDER BY Name ASC) AS Departments
FROM HumanResources.Department
GROUP BY GroupName;

我们可以使用RECUSRSIVITY、WITH CTE、union ALL,如下所示

declare @mytable as table(id int identity(1,1), str nvarchar(100))
insert into @mytable values('Peter'),('Paul'),('Mary')

declare @myresult as table(id int,str nvarchar(max),ind int, R# int)

;with cte as(select id,cast(str as nvarchar(100)) as str, cast(0 as int) ind from @mytable
union all
select t2.id,cast(t1.str+',' +t2.str as nvarchar(100)) ,t1.ind+1 from cte t1 inner join @mytable t2 on t2.id=t1.id+1)
insert into @myresult select *,row_number() over(order by ind) R# from cte

select top 1 str from @myresult order by R# desc