Private状态表示变量只能被同一类的对象访问。受保护状态将这种访问权限扩展到该类的后代。

“从上表中我们可以看到隐私和受保护之间的区别……我认为两者是一样的....那么这两个单独的命令有什么用呢?

查看MSDN链接了解更多信息

访问修饰符

从learn.microsoft.com:

public The type or member can be accessed by any other code in the same assembly or another assembly that references it. private The type or member can only be accessed by code in the same class or struct. protected The type or member can only be accessed by code in the same class or struct, or in a derived class. private protected (added in C# 7.2) The type or member can only be accessed by code in the same class or struct, or in a derived class from the same assembly, but not from another assembly. internal The type or member can be accessed by any code in the same assembly, but not from another assembly. protected internal The type or member can be accessed by any code in the same assembly, or by any derived class in another assembly.

如果没有设置访问修饰符，则使用默认访问修饰符。所以总有某种形式的访问修饰符，即使它没有设置。

静态修饰符

类上的静态修饰符意味着该类不能被实例化，并且它的所有成员都是静态的。静态成员只有一个版本，不管创建了多少个其封闭类型的实例。

静态类基本上与非静态类相同，但有一个区别:静态类不能被外部实例化。换句话说，不能使用new关键字创建类类型的变量。因为没有实例变量，所以可以使用类名本身访问静态类的成员。

然而，存在一种静态构造函数。任何类都可以有其中一个，包括静态类。它们不能被直接调用，也不能有参数(除了类本身的任何类型参数)。在创建第一个实例或引用任何静态成员之前，会自动调用静态构造函数来初始化类。看起来是这样的:

static class Foo()
{
    static Foo()
    {
        Bar = "fubar";
    }
    
    public static string Bar { get; set; }
}

静态类通常被用作服务，你可以这样使用它们:

MyStaticClass.ServiceMethod(...);

Hmm.

参见这里:访问修饰符。

简而言之:

Public使方法或类型从其他类型/类中完全可见。

Private只允许包含私有方法/变量的类型访问私有方法/变量(注意，嵌套类也可以访问包含类的私有方法/变量)。

Protected与private类似，只是派生类也可以访问Protected方法。

“Nothing”是VB。NET等价于null。虽然如果你提到的“nothing”意味着“没有访问修饰符”，那么这要视情况而定，尽管一个非常粗略的经验法则(当然在c#中)是，如果你没有显式地指定访问修饰符，方法/变量声明通常会受到尽可能多的限制。 即。

public class MyClass
{
    string s = "";
}

实际上等同于:

public class MyClass
{
    private string s = "";
}

当没有显式指定访问修饰符时，链接的MSDN文章将提供完整的描述。

public means that it can be accessed by any class in any assembly, which includes the class itself. protected internal means it can be accessed by the class itself (in the class definition), and it can be accessed by any class in the current assembly, but outside of the assembly it can only be accessed by a class that inherits the class, or by the class itself (if it is a partial class) – basically it means internal inside the assembly and protected outside of the assembly. protected means it can only be accessed by the class itself, or accessed by a class that inherits it and that class can be in any assembly internal means it can be accessed by the class itself or by any class in the assembly but can't be accessed at all outside of the assembly unless by the class itself (i.e. it is a partial class) private protected means it can only be accessed by the class itself, or it can be accessed by a class that inherits it and only if that class is in the current assembly. Outside of the assembly, it can only be accessed by the class itself (i.e. it is a partial class) – basically combines internal and protected, or another way of putting it is it's private outside of the assembly and protected inside the assembly. private means that it can only be accessed by the class itself no access modifier: The default access for everything in C# is "the most restricted access you could declare for that member"., which is private for a member / method / nested class in a class and internal for a non-nested class.

In the above text 'accessed' means accessed via an object of the class type, which within a method of the class itself will be the implicit this object, or perhaps the method instantiates an explicit object of the current class type and accesses it through that object. Both are considered to be being accessed by the class itself and therefore the access rules are the same. This also applies to an access being performed from a static method, or when it is a static member / method being accessed, except the access is performed using the class scope and not and object. A member / method of a static class needs to be explicitly made static or it won't compile.

没有嵌套的类可以是公共的，也可以是内部的，默认情况下是内部的。嵌套的类可以是任何访问类型，如果父类是静态的，它就不需要是静态的，它的成员也不需要是静态的。内部类意味着只能实例化它或从当前程序集访问它的静态成员。

您可以在内部或私有嵌套类中拥有公共成员/方法/嵌套类——只有访问说明符(在正在进行的访问的完全限定名称中)低于当前正在进行的访问所需的级别才能阻止访问。

Inheritance in C# is always public unlike C++, which can privately or protectedly inherit, which then changes the access of all classes that then inherit from the class that is inheriting from this class, as well as the access via object / via class scope of type of the class that inheriting privately / protectedly from the class and the class that is inheriting from the class that is inheriting privately / protectedly form the class, and so on. The access is changed such that all access modifiers less restrictive than private or protected are made private and protected respectively.

c#总共有6个访问修饰符:

private:使用此可访问性声明的成员可以在包含类型中可见，但对任何派生类型、同一程序集中的其他类型或包含程序集中之外的类型都不可见。也就是说，访问仅限于包含类型。

protected:使用此可访问性声明的成员可以在包含程序集中从包含类型派生的类型中可见，也可以在包含程序集中从包含类型派生的类型中可见。也就是说，只能访问包含类型的派生类型。

internal:使用此可访问性声明的成员可以在包含该成员的程序集内可见，它对包含该成员的程序集之外的任何程序集都不可见。也就是说，访问仅限于包含程序集。

internal protected:使用此可访问性声明的成员可以在包含程序集内部或外部从包含类型派生的类型中可见，它也对包含程序集内的任何类型可见。也就是说，访问仅限于包含程序集或派生类型。

public:使用此可访问性声明的成员可以在包含此成员的程序集或引用包含该成员的程序集的任何其他程序集中可见。也就是说，访问不受限制。

在c# 7.2中，增加了一个新的可访问性级别:

private protected:使用此可访问性声明的成员可以在包含程序集中从此包含类型派生的类型中可见。对于非从包含类型派生的任何类型或包含程序集外部的任何类型都不可见。也就是说，访问权限仅限于包含程序集中的派生类型。

源代码，包括新的私有受保护访问修饰符的示例代码

图形概述(简要总结)

实际上，情况要比这复杂一些。 现在(从c# 7.2开始)，也有private protected，派生类是否在同一个程序集中也很重要。

因此，需要扩展概述:

请参阅有关此主题的c# -dotnet-docs。

因为静态类是密封的，所以它们不能被继承(除非是从Object继承)，所以关键字protected在静态类上是无效的。

对于默认情况，如果你在前面不放访问修饰符，请参见这里: c#类和成员(字段，方法等)的默认可见性?

Non-nested

enum                              public
non-nested classes / structs      internal
interfaces                        internal
delegates in namespace            internal
class/struct member(s)            private
delegates nested in class/struct  private

嵌套:

nested enum      public
nested interface public
nested class     private
nested struct    private

此外，还有seal -关键字，它使类不可继承。 同样，在VB中。NET，关键字有时是不同的，所以这里有一个小抄: