微软应该为INotifyPropertyChanged实现一些时髦的东西，就像在自动属性中，只需要指定{get;设置;通知;} 我认为这样做很有意义。或者做这个手术有什么并发症吗?
我们能在属性中实现类似notify的东西吗。在你的类中实现INotifyPropertyChanged是否有一个优雅的解决方案，或者唯一的方法是在每个属性中引发PropertyChanged事件。
如果不是，我们可以写一些东西来自动生成一段代码来引发PropertyChanged事件?
当前回答
我意识到这个问题已经有无数个答案了，但没有一个适合我。我的问题是我不想有任何性能上的影响，并愿意忍受一点冗长的原因。我也不太关心自动属性，这让我想到了以下解决方案:
public abstract class AbstractObject : INotifyPropertyChanged
{
public event PropertyChangedEventHandler PropertyChanged;
public void OnPropertyChanged(string propertyName)
{
PropertyChanged?.Invoke(this, new PropertyChangedEventArgs(propertyName));
}
protected virtual bool SetValue<TKind>(ref TKind Source, TKind NewValue, params string[] Notify)
{
//Set value if the new value is different from the old
if (!Source.Equals(NewValue))
{
Source = NewValue;
//Notify all applicable properties
foreach (var i in Notify)
OnPropertyChanged(i);
return true;
}
return false;
}
public AbstractObject()
{
}
}
换句话说，如果你不介意这样做，上面的解决方案是很方便的:
public class SomeObject : AbstractObject
{
public string AnotherProperty
{
get
{
return someProperty ? "Car" : "Plane";
}
}
bool someProperty = false;
public bool SomeProperty
{
get
{
return someProperty;
}
set
{
SetValue(ref someProperty, value, "SomeProperty", "AnotherProperty");
}
}
public SomeObject() : base()
{
}
}
Pros
没有反映 只通知旧值!=新值 同时通知多个属性
Cons
没有自动属性(不过，您可以同时添加对两者的支持!) 一些冗长 拳击(小性能命中?)
唉，还是比这样做要好，
set
{
if (!someProperty.Equals(value))
{
someProperty = value;
OnPropertyChanged("SomeProperty");
OnPropertyChanged("AnotherProperty");
}
}
对于每一个单独的属性，这将成为一个额外的冗长的噩梦;-(
注意，我并不是说这个解决方案在性能上比其他解决方案更好，只是说对于那些不喜欢其他解决方案的人来说，它是一个可行的解决方案。
其他回答
这就是大规模的过度工程。这比仅仅以正确的方式进行要复杂得多，而且几乎没有任何好处。如果你的IDE支持代码片段(Visual Studio/MonoDevelop支持)，那么你可以让这个实现变得非常简单。你需要输入的只是属性的类型和属性名。额外的三行代码将自动生成。
没有使用postsharp之类的东西，我使用的最小版本使用如下内容:
public class Data : INotifyPropertyChanged
{
// boiler-plate
public event PropertyChangedEventHandler PropertyChanged;
protected virtual void OnPropertyChanged(string propertyName)
{
PropertyChangedEventHandler handler = PropertyChanged;
if (handler != null) handler(this, new PropertyChangedEventArgs(propertyName));
}
protected bool SetField<T>(ref T field, T value, string propertyName)
{
if (EqualityComparer<T>.Default.Equals(field, value)) return false;
field = value;
OnPropertyChanged(propertyName);
return true;
}
// props
private string name;
public string Name
{
get { return name; }
set { SetField(ref name, value, "Name"); }
}
}
每个属性就像这样:
private string name;
public string Name
{
get { return name; }
set { SetField(ref name, value, "Name"); }
}
这并不大;如果需要，它也可以用作基类。SetField的bool返回值告诉你它是否为no-op，以防你想应用其他逻辑。
或者用c# 5更简单:
protected bool SetField<T>(ref T field, T value,
[CallerMemberName] string propertyName = null)
{...}
可以这样称呼:
set { SetField(ref name, value); }
编译器会自动添加“Name”。
c# 6.0使实现更容易:
protected void OnPropertyChanged([CallerMemberName] string propertyName = null)
{
PropertyChanged?.Invoke(this, new PropertyChangedEventArgs(propertyName));
}
.．.现在是c# 7:
protected void OnPropertyChanged(string propertyName)
=> PropertyChanged?.Invoke(this, new PropertyChangedEventArgs(propertyName));
protected bool SetField<T>(ref T field, T value,[CallerMemberName] string propertyName = null)
{
if (EqualityComparer<T>.Default.Equals(field, value)) return false;
field = value;
OnPropertyChanged(propertyName);
return true;
}
private string name;
public string Name
{
get => name;
set => SetField(ref name, value);
}
并且，使用c# 8和Nullable引用类型，它看起来像这样:
public event PropertyChangedEventHandler? PropertyChanged;
protected void OnPropertyChanged(string propertyName) => PropertyChanged?.Invoke(this, new PropertyChangedEventArgs(propertyName));
protected bool SetField<T>(ref T field, T value, [CallerMemberName] string propertyName = "")
{
if (EqualityComparer<T>.Default.Equals(field, value)) return false;
field = value;
OnPropertyChanged(propertyName);
return true;
}
private string name;
public string Name
{
get => name;
set => SetField(ref name, value);
}
使用这个
using System;
using System.ComponentModel;
using System.Reflection;
using System.Reflection.Emit;
using System.Runtime.Remoting.Messaging;
using System.Runtime.Remoting.Proxies;
public static class ObservableFactory
{
public static T Create<T>(T target)
{
if (!typeof(T).IsInterface)
throw new ArgumentException("Target should be an interface", "target");
var proxy = new Observable<T>(target);
return (T)proxy.GetTransparentProxy();
}
}
internal class Observable<T> : RealProxy, INotifyPropertyChanged, INotifyPropertyChanging
{
private readonly T target;
internal Observable(T target)
: base(ImplementINotify(typeof(T)))
{
this.target = target;
}
public override IMessage Invoke(IMessage msg)
{
var methodCall = msg as IMethodCallMessage;
if (methodCall != null)
{
return HandleMethodCall(methodCall);
}
return null;
}
public event PropertyChangingEventHandler PropertyChanging;
public event PropertyChangedEventHandler PropertyChanged;
IMessage HandleMethodCall(IMethodCallMessage methodCall)
{
var isPropertySetterCall = methodCall.MethodName.StartsWith("set_");
var propertyName = isPropertySetterCall ? methodCall.MethodName.Substring(4) : null;
if (isPropertySetterCall)
{
OnPropertyChanging(propertyName);
}
try
{
object methodCalltarget = target;
if (methodCall.MethodName == "add_PropertyChanged" || methodCall.MethodName == "remove_PropertyChanged"||
methodCall.MethodName == "add_PropertyChanging" || methodCall.MethodName == "remove_PropertyChanging")
{
methodCalltarget = this;
}
var result = methodCall.MethodBase.Invoke(methodCalltarget, methodCall.InArgs);
if (isPropertySetterCall)
{
OnPropertyChanged(methodCall.MethodName.Substring(4));
}
return new ReturnMessage(result, null, 0, methodCall.LogicalCallContext, methodCall);
}
catch (TargetInvocationException invocationException)
{
var exception = invocationException.InnerException;
return new ReturnMessage(exception, methodCall);
}
}
protected virtual void OnPropertyChanged(string propertyName)
{
var handler = PropertyChanged;
if (handler != null) handler(this, new PropertyChangedEventArgs(propertyName));
}
protected virtual void OnPropertyChanging(string propertyName)
{
var handler = PropertyChanging;
if (handler != null) handler(this, new PropertyChangingEventArgs(propertyName));
}
public static Type ImplementINotify(Type objectType)
{
var tempAssemblyName = new AssemblyName(Guid.NewGuid().ToString());
var dynamicAssembly = AppDomain.CurrentDomain.DefineDynamicAssembly(
tempAssemblyName, AssemblyBuilderAccess.RunAndCollect);
var moduleBuilder = dynamicAssembly.DefineDynamicModule(
tempAssemblyName.Name,
tempAssemblyName + ".dll");
var typeBuilder = moduleBuilder.DefineType(
objectType.FullName, TypeAttributes.Public | TypeAttributes.Interface | TypeAttributes.Abstract);
typeBuilder.AddInterfaceImplementation(objectType);
typeBuilder.AddInterfaceImplementation(typeof(INotifyPropertyChanged));
typeBuilder.AddInterfaceImplementation(typeof(INotifyPropertyChanging));
var newType = typeBuilder.CreateType();
return newType;
}
}
}
我在我的博客http://timoch.com/blog/2013/08/annoyed-with-inotifypropertychange/上介绍了一个绑定类 Bindable使用字典作为属性包。为一个子类添加必要的重载以使用ref参数管理它自己的支持字段是很容易的。
没有神奇的绳子 没有反映 是否可以改进为抑制默认字典查找
代码:
public class Bindable : INotifyPropertyChanged {
private Dictionary<string, object> _properties = new Dictionary<string, object>();
/// <summary>
/// Gets the value of a property
/// </summary>
/// <typeparam name="T"></typeparam>
/// <param name="name"></param>
/// <returns></returns>
protected T Get<T>([CallerMemberName] string name = null) {
Debug.Assert(name != null, "name != null");
object value = null;
if (_properties.TryGetValue(name, out value))
return value == null ? default(T) : (T)value;
return default(T);
}
/// <summary>
/// Sets the value of a property
/// </summary>
/// <typeparam name="T"></typeparam>
/// <param name="value"></param>
/// <param name="name"></param>
/// <remarks>Use this overload when implicitly naming the property</remarks>
protected void Set<T>(T value, [CallerMemberName] string name = null) {
Debug.Assert(name != null, "name != null");
if (Equals(value, Get<T>(name)))
return;
_properties[name] = value;
OnPropertyChanged(name);
}
public event PropertyChangedEventHandler PropertyChanged;
protected virtual void OnPropertyChanged([CallerMemberName] string propertyName = null) {
PropertyChangedEventHandler handler = PropertyChanged;
if (handler != null) {
handler(this, new PropertyChangedEventArgs(propertyName));
}
}
}
它可以这样使用:
public class Contact : Bindable {
public string FirstName {
get { return Get<string>(); }
set { Set(value); }
}
}
在实现这些类型的属性时，你可能要考虑的其他事情是INotifyPropertyChang *ed *ing都使用事件参数类。
如果要设置大量的属性，那么事件参数类实例的数量可能非常大，您应该考虑缓存它们，因为它们是可能发生字符串爆炸的区域之一。
看一下这个实现，并解释为什么要考虑它。
Josh Smiths博客
