我在我的博客http://timoch.com/blog/2013/08/annoyed-with-inotifypropertychange/上介绍了一个绑定类 Bindable使用字典作为属性包。为一个子类添加必要的重载以使用ref参数管理它自己的支持字段是很容易的。

没有神奇的绳子 没有反映 是否可以改进为抑制默认字典查找

代码:

public class Bindable : INotifyPropertyChanged {
    private Dictionary<string, object> _properties = new Dictionary<string, object>();

    /// <summary>
    /// Gets the value of a property
    /// </summary>
    /// <typeparam name="T"></typeparam>
    /// <param name="name"></param>
    /// <returns></returns>
    protected T Get<T>([CallerMemberName] string name = null) {
        Debug.Assert(name != null, "name != null");
        object value = null;
        if (_properties.TryGetValue(name, out value))
            return value == null ? default(T) : (T)value;
        return default(T);
    }

    /// <summary>
    /// Sets the value of a property
    /// </summary>
    /// <typeparam name="T"></typeparam>
    /// <param name="value"></param>
    /// <param name="name"></param>
    /// <remarks>Use this overload when implicitly naming the property</remarks>
    protected void Set<T>(T value, [CallerMemberName] string name = null) {
        Debug.Assert(name != null, "name != null");
        if (Equals(value, Get<T>(name)))
            return;
        _properties[name] = value;
        OnPropertyChanged(name);
    }

    public event PropertyChangedEventHandler PropertyChanged;

    protected virtual void OnPropertyChanged([CallerMemberName] string propertyName = null) {
        PropertyChangedEventHandler handler = PropertyChanged;
        if (handler != null) {
            handler(this, new PropertyChangedEventArgs(propertyName));
        }
    }
}

它可以这样使用:

public class Contact : Bindable {
    public string FirstName {
        get { return Get<string>(); }
        set { Set(value); }
    }
}

没有使用postsharp之类的东西，我使用的最小版本使用如下内容:

public class Data : INotifyPropertyChanged
{
    // boiler-plate
    public event PropertyChangedEventHandler PropertyChanged;
    protected virtual void OnPropertyChanged(string propertyName)
    {
        PropertyChangedEventHandler handler = PropertyChanged;
        if (handler != null) handler(this, new PropertyChangedEventArgs(propertyName));
    }
    protected bool SetField<T>(ref T field, T value, string propertyName)
    {
        if (EqualityComparer<T>.Default.Equals(field, value)) return false;
        field = value;
        OnPropertyChanged(propertyName);
        return true;
    }

    // props
    private string name;
    public string Name
    {
        get { return name; }
        set { SetField(ref name, value, "Name"); }
    }
}

每个属性就像这样:

private string name;
public string Name
{
    get { return name; }
    set { SetField(ref name, value, "Name"); }
}

这并不大;如果需要，它也可以用作基类。SetField的bool返回值告诉你它是否为no-op，以防你想应用其他逻辑。

或者用c# 5更简单:

protected bool SetField<T>(ref T field, T value,
    [CallerMemberName] string propertyName = null)
{...}

可以这样称呼:

set { SetField(ref name, value); }

编译器会自动添加“Name”。

c# 6.0使实现更容易:

protected void OnPropertyChanged([CallerMemberName] string propertyName = null)
{
    PropertyChanged?.Invoke(this, new PropertyChangedEventArgs(propertyName));
}

.．.现在是c# 7:

protected void OnPropertyChanged(string propertyName)
   => PropertyChanged?.Invoke(this, new PropertyChangedEventArgs(propertyName));

protected bool SetField<T>(ref T field, T value,[CallerMemberName] string propertyName =  null)
{
    if (EqualityComparer<T>.Default.Equals(field, value)) return false;
    field = value;
    OnPropertyChanged(propertyName);
    return true;
}

private string name;
public string Name
{
    get => name;
    set => SetField(ref name, value);
}

并且，使用c# 8和Nullable引用类型，它看起来像这样:

public event PropertyChangedEventHandler? PropertyChanged;

protected void OnPropertyChanged(string propertyName) => PropertyChanged?.Invoke(this, new PropertyChangedEventArgs(propertyName));

protected bool SetField<T>(ref T field, T value, [CallerMemberName] string propertyName = "")
{
    if (EqualityComparer<T>.Default.Equals(field, value)) return false;
    field = value;
    OnPropertyChanged(propertyName);
    return true;
}

private string name;
public string Name
{
    get => name;
    set => SetField(ref name, value);
}

我把它作为一个片段保存下来。c# 6为调用处理程序添加了一些不错的语法。

// INotifyPropertyChanged

public event PropertyChangedEventHandler PropertyChanged;

private void Set<T>(ref T property, T value, [CallerMemberName] string propertyName = null)
{
    if (EqualityComparer<T>.Default.Equals(property, value) == false)
    {
        property = value;
        PropertyChanged?.Invoke(this, new PropertyChangedEventArgs(propertyName));
    }
}

=>这里我的解决方案具有以下特征

 public ResourceStatus Status
 {
     get { return _status; }
     set
     {
         _status = value;
         Notify(Npcea.Status,Npcea.Comments);
     }
 }

没有refelction 短的符号 业务代码中没有神奇的字符串 PropertyChangedEventArgs在应用程序中的可重用性 在一条语句中通知多个属性的可能性

我真的很喜欢Marc的解决方案，但我认为可以稍微改进一下，以避免使用“魔法字符串”(不支持重构)。与其将属性名作为字符串使用，不如将其创建为lambda表达式:

private string name;
public string Name
{
    get { return name; }
    set { SetField(ref name, value, () => Name); }
}

只需要在Marc的代码中添加以下方法，就可以了:

protected virtual void OnPropertyChanged<T>(Expression<Func<T>> selectorExpression)
{
    if (selectorExpression == null)
        throw new ArgumentNullException("selectorExpression");
    MemberExpression body = selectorExpression.Body as MemberExpression;
    if (body == null)
        throw new ArgumentException("The body must be a member expression");
    OnPropertyChanged(body.Member.Name);
}

protected bool SetField<T>(ref T field, T value, Expression<Func<T>> selectorExpression)
{
    if (EqualityComparer<T>.Default.Equals(field, value)) return false;
    field = value;
    OnPropertyChanged(selectorExpression);
    return true;
}

顺便说一句，这是受到这篇博客文章的启发。

这就是大规模的过度工程。这比仅仅以正确的方式进行要复杂得多，而且几乎没有任何好处。如果你的IDE支持代码片段(Visual Studio/MonoDevelop支持)，那么你可以让这个实现变得非常简单。你需要输入的只是属性的类型和属性名。额外的三行代码将自动生成。