当代码流是这样的:
if(check())
{
...
...
if(check())
{
...
...
if(check())
{
...
...
}
}
}
我通常看到这种方法可以避免上述混乱的代码流:
do {
if(!check()) break;
...
...
if(!check()) break;
...
...
if(!check()) break;
...
...
} while(0);
有什么更好的方法可以避免这种工作/黑客，从而使其成为更高级别(行业级别)的代码?
任何跳出盒子的建议都是欢迎的!
当前回答
如何移动if语句到一个额外的函数，产生一个数值或enum结果?
int ConditionCode (void) {
if (condition1)
return 1;
if (condition2)
return 2;
...
return 0;
}
void MyFunc (void) {
switch (ConditionCode ()) {
case 1:
...
break;
case 2:
...
break;
...
default:
...
break;
}
}
其他回答
在函数中隔离这些决策并使用返回而不是中断被认为是可以接受的实践。虽然所有这些检查都对应于与函数相同的抽象级别，但这是一种非常符合逻辑的方法。
例如:
void foo(...)
{
if (!condition)
{
return;
}
...
if (!other condition)
{
return;
}
...
if (!another condition)
{
return;
}
...
if (!yet another condition)
{
return;
}
...
// Some unconditional stuff
}
如果你不需要在执行过程中引入局部变量，那么你通常可以将其平化:
if (check()) {
doStuff();
}
if (stillOk()) {
doMoreStuff();
}
if (amIStillReallyOk()) {
doEvenMore();
}
// edit
doThingsAtEndAndReportErrorStatus()
如果你的代码有一个很长的If ..else If ..else语句块，你可以尝试在函子或函数指针的帮助下重写整个块。这可能并不总是正确的解决方案，但通常是正确的。
http://www.cprogramming.com/tutorial/functors-function-objects-in-c++.html
也许就像这样
#define EVER ;;
for(EVER)
{
if(!check()) break;
}
或者使用异常
try
{
for(;;)
if(!check()) throw 1;
}
catch()
{
}
使用异常还可以传递数据。
Try to extract the code into a separate function (or perhaps more than one). Then return from the function if the check fails. If it's too tightly coupled with the surrounding code to do that, and you can't find a way to reduce the coupling, look at the code after this block. Presumably, it cleans up some resources used by the function. Try to manage these resources using an RAII object; then replace each dodgy break with return (or throw, if that's more appropriate) and let the object's destructor clean up for you. If the program flow is (necessarily) so squiggly that you really need a goto, then use that rather than giving it a weird disguise. If you have coding rules that blindly forbid goto, and you really can't simplify the program flow, then you'll probably have to disguise it with your do hack.
