当代码流是这样的:
if(check())
{
...
...
if(check())
{
...
...
if(check())
{
...
...
}
}
}
我通常看到这种方法可以避免上述混乱的代码流:
do {
if(!check()) break;
...
...
if(!check()) break;
...
...
if(!check()) break;
...
...
} while(0);
有什么更好的方法可以避免这种工作/黑客，从而使其成为更高级别(行业级别)的代码?
任何跳出盒子的建议都是欢迎的!
当前回答
对我来说，当(0)是好的时候做{…}。如果您不想看到do{…}while(0)，您可以为它们定义替代关键字。
例子:
SomeUtilities.hpp:
#define BEGIN_TEST do{
#define END_TEST }while(0);
SomeSourceFile.cpp:
BEGIN_TEST
if(!condition1) break;
if(!condition2) break;
if(!condition3) break;
if(!condition4) break;
if(!condition5) break;
//processing code here
END_TEST
我认为编译器将在二进制版本的do{…}while(0)中删除不必要的while(0)条件，并将断点转换为无条件跳转。您可以检查它的汇编语言版本来确定。
使用goto还可以生成更简洁的代码，并且使用条件-然后跳转的逻辑非常简单。您可以执行以下操作:
{
if(!condition1) goto end_blahblah;
if(!condition2) goto end_blahblah;
if(!condition3) goto end_blahblah;
if(!condition4) goto end_blahblah;
if(!condition5) goto end_blahblah;
//processing code here
}end_blah_blah:; //use appropriate label here to describe...
// ...the whole code inside the block.
注意标签放在结束}之后。这是避免一个可能的问题，在goto中，不小心将代码放在中间，因为你没有看到标签。现在就像do{…}while(0)没有条件代码。
为了让代码更清晰，更容易理解，你可以这样做:
SomeUtilities.hpp:
#define BEGIN_TEST {
#define END_TEST(_test_label_) }_test_label_:;
#define FAILED(_test_label_) goto _test_label_
SomeSourceFile.cpp:
BEGIN_TEST
if(!condition1) FAILED(NormalizeData);
if(!condition2) FAILED(NormalizeData);
if(!condition3) FAILED(NormalizeData);
if(!condition4) FAILED(NormalizeData);
if(!condition5) FAILED(NormalizeData);
END_TEST(NormalizeData)
有了这个，你可以做嵌套块，并指定你想要退出/跳出的位置。
BEGIN_TEST
if(!condition1) FAILED(NormalizeData);
if(!condition2) FAILED(NormalizeData);
BEGIN_TEST
if(!conditionAA) FAILED(DecryptBlah);
if(!conditionBB) FAILED(NormalizeData); //Jump out to the outmost block
if(!conditionCC) FAILED(DecryptBlah);
// --We can now decrypt and do other stuffs.
END_TEST(DecryptBlah)
if(!condition3) FAILED(NormalizeData);
if(!condition4) FAILED(NormalizeData);
// --other code here
BEGIN_TEST
if(!conditionA) FAILED(TrimSpaces);
if(!conditionB) FAILED(TrimSpaces);
if(!conditionC) FAILED(NormalizeData); //Jump out to the outmost block
if(!conditionD) FAILED(TrimSpaces);
// --We can now trim completely or do other stuffs.
END_TEST(TrimSpaces)
// --Other code here...
if(!condition5) FAILED(NormalizeData);
//Ok, we got here. We can now process what we need to process.
END_TEST(NormalizeData)
杂乱的代码不是goto的错，而是程序员的错。不使用goto仍然可以生成意大利面条代码。
其他回答
对我来说，当(0)是好的时候做{…}。如果您不想看到do{…}while(0)，您可以为它们定义替代关键字。
例子:
SomeUtilities.hpp:
#define BEGIN_TEST do{
#define END_TEST }while(0);
SomeSourceFile.cpp:
BEGIN_TEST
if(!condition1) break;
if(!condition2) break;
if(!condition3) break;
if(!condition4) break;
if(!condition5) break;
//processing code here
END_TEST
我认为编译器将在二进制版本的do{…}while(0)中删除不必要的while(0)条件，并将断点转换为无条件跳转。您可以检查它的汇编语言版本来确定。
使用goto还可以生成更简洁的代码，并且使用条件-然后跳转的逻辑非常简单。您可以执行以下操作:
{
if(!condition1) goto end_blahblah;
if(!condition2) goto end_blahblah;
if(!condition3) goto end_blahblah;
if(!condition4) goto end_blahblah;
if(!condition5) goto end_blahblah;
//processing code here
}end_blah_blah:; //use appropriate label here to describe...
// ...the whole code inside the block.
注意标签放在结束}之后。这是避免一个可能的问题，在goto中，不小心将代码放在中间，因为你没有看到标签。现在就像do{…}while(0)没有条件代码。
为了让代码更清晰，更容易理解，你可以这样做:
SomeUtilities.hpp:
#define BEGIN_TEST {
#define END_TEST(_test_label_) }_test_label_:;
#define FAILED(_test_label_) goto _test_label_
SomeSourceFile.cpp:
BEGIN_TEST
if(!condition1) FAILED(NormalizeData);
if(!condition2) FAILED(NormalizeData);
if(!condition3) FAILED(NormalizeData);
if(!condition4) FAILED(NormalizeData);
if(!condition5) FAILED(NormalizeData);
END_TEST(NormalizeData)
有了这个，你可以做嵌套块，并指定你想要退出/跳出的位置。
BEGIN_TEST
if(!condition1) FAILED(NormalizeData);
if(!condition2) FAILED(NormalizeData);
BEGIN_TEST
if(!conditionAA) FAILED(DecryptBlah);
if(!conditionBB) FAILED(NormalizeData); //Jump out to the outmost block
if(!conditionCC) FAILED(DecryptBlah);
// --We can now decrypt and do other stuffs.
END_TEST(DecryptBlah)
if(!condition3) FAILED(NormalizeData);
if(!condition4) FAILED(NormalizeData);
// --other code here
BEGIN_TEST
if(!conditionA) FAILED(TrimSpaces);
if(!conditionB) FAILED(TrimSpaces);
if(!conditionC) FAILED(NormalizeData); //Jump out to the outmost block
if(!conditionD) FAILED(TrimSpaces);
// --We can now trim completely or do other stuffs.
END_TEST(TrimSpaces)
// --Other code here...
if(!condition5) FAILED(NormalizeData);
//Ok, we got here. We can now process what we need to process.
END_TEST(NormalizeData)
杂乱的代码不是goto的错，而是程序员的错。不使用goto仍然可以生成意大利面条代码。
我就是这么做的。
void func() {
if (!check()) return;
...
...
if (!check()) return;
...
...
if (!check()) return;
...
...
}
也许就像这样
#define EVER ;;
for(EVER)
{
if(!check()) break;
}
或者使用异常
try
{
for(;;)
if(!check()) throw 1;
}
catch()
{
}
使用异常还可以传递数据。
如何移动if语句到一个额外的函数，产生一个数值或enum结果?
int ConditionCode (void) {
if (condition1)
return 1;
if (condition2)
return 2;
...
return 0;
}
void MyFunc (void) {
switch (ConditionCode ()) {
case 1:
...
break;
case 2:
...
break;
...
default:
...
break;
}
}
I'm adding an answer for the sake of completeness. A number of other answers pointed out that the large condition block could be split out into a separate function. But as was also pointed out a number of times is that this approach separates the conditional code from the original context. This is one reason that lambdas were added to the language in C++11. Using lambdas was suggested by others but no explicit sample was provided. I've put one in this answer. What strikes me is that it feels very similar to the do { } while(0) approach in many ways - and maybe that means it's still a goto in disguise....
earlier operations
...
[&]()->void {
if (!check()) return;
...
...
if (!check()) return;
...
...
if (!check()) return;
...
...
}();
later operations
