另一个类似于Loki Astari的答案的解决方案，在c++ 11中。这里的行是给定类型的std::元组。代码扫描一行，然后扫描到每个分隔符，然后将值直接转换并转储到元组中(使用一些模板代码)。

for (auto row : csv<std::string, int, float>(file, ',')) {
    std::cout << "first col: " << std::get<0>(row) << std::endl;
}

优势：

非常干净，使用简单，只有c++ 11。 自动类型转换为std::tuple<t1，…>通过算子>>。

缺少什么:

转义和引用 没有错误处理的情况下畸形的CSV。

主要代码:

#include <iterator>
#include <sstream>
#include <string>

namespace csvtools {
    /// Read the last element of the tuple without calling recursively
    template <std::size_t idx, class... fields>
    typename std::enable_if<idx >= std::tuple_size<std::tuple<fields...>>::value - 1>::type
    read_tuple(std::istream &in, std::tuple<fields...> &out, const char delimiter) {
        std::string cell;
        std::getline(in, cell, delimiter);
        std::stringstream cell_stream(cell);
        cell_stream >> std::get<idx>(out);
    }

    /// Read the @p idx-th element of the tuple and then calls itself with @p idx + 1 to
    /// read the next element of the tuple. Automatically falls in the previous case when
    /// reaches the last element of the tuple thanks to enable_if
    template <std::size_t idx, class... fields>
    typename std::enable_if<idx < std::tuple_size<std::tuple<fields...>>::value - 1>::type
    read_tuple(std::istream &in, std::tuple<fields...> &out, const char delimiter) {
        std::string cell;
        std::getline(in, cell, delimiter);
        std::stringstream cell_stream(cell);
        cell_stream >> std::get<idx>(out);
        read_tuple<idx + 1, fields...>(in, out, delimiter);
    }
}

/// Iterable csv wrapper around a stream. @p fields the list of types that form up a row.
template <class... fields>
class csv {
    std::istream &_in;
    const char _delim;
public:
    typedef std::tuple<fields...> value_type;
    class iterator;

    /// Construct from a stream.
    inline csv(std::istream &in, const char delim) : _in(in), _delim(delim) {}

    /// Status of the underlying stream
    /// @{
    inline bool good() const {
        return _in.good();
    }
    inline const std::istream &underlying_stream() const {
        return _in;
    }
    /// @}

    inline iterator begin();
    inline iterator end();
private:

    /// Reads a line into a stringstream, and then reads the line into a tuple, that is returned
    inline value_type read_row() {
        std::string line;
        std::getline(_in, line);
        std::stringstream line_stream(line);
        std::tuple<fields...> retval;
        csvtools::read_tuple<0, fields...>(line_stream, retval, _delim);
        return retval;
    }
};

/// Iterator; just calls recursively @ref csv::read_row and stores the result.
template <class... fields>
class csv<fields...>::iterator {
    csv::value_type _row;
    csv *_parent;
public:
    typedef std::input_iterator_tag iterator_category;
    typedef csv::value_type         value_type;
    typedef std::size_t             difference_type;
    typedef csv::value_type *       pointer;
    typedef csv::value_type &       reference;

    /// Construct an empty/end iterator
    inline iterator() : _parent(nullptr) {}
    /// Construct an iterator at the beginning of the @p parent csv object.
    inline iterator(csv &parent) : _parent(parent.good() ? &parent : nullptr) {
        ++(*this);
    }

    /// Read one row, if possible. Set to end if parent is not good anymore.
    inline iterator &operator++() {
        if (_parent != nullptr) {
            _row = _parent->read_row();
            if (!_parent->good()) {
                _parent = nullptr;
            }
        }
        return *this;
    }

    inline iterator operator++(int) {
        iterator copy = *this;
        ++(*this);
        return copy;
    }

    inline csv::value_type const &operator*() const {
        return _row;
    }

    inline csv::value_type const *operator->() const {
        return &_row;
    }

    bool operator==(iterator const &other) {
        return (this == &other) or (_parent == nullptr and other._parent == nullptr);
    }
    bool operator!=(iterator const &other) {
        return not (*this == other);
    }
};

template <class... fields>
typename csv<fields...>::iterator csv<fields...>::begin() {
    return iterator(*this);
}

template <class... fields>
typename csv<fields...>::iterator csv<fields...>::end() {
    return iterator();
}

我在GitHub上放了一个小的工作示例;我一直用它来解析一些数值数据，它达到了它的目的。

如果你不关心转义逗号和换行符， 并且你不能在引号中嵌入逗号和换行符(如果你不能转义那么…) 那么它只有大约三行代码(好的14 ->，但它只有15读取整个文件)。

std::vector<std::string> getNextLineAndSplitIntoTokens(std::istream& str)
{
    std::vector<std::string>   result;
    std::string                line;
    std::getline(str,line);

    std::stringstream          lineStream(line);
    std::string                cell;

    while(std::getline(lineStream,cell, ','))
    {
        result.push_back(cell);
    }
    // This checks for a trailing comma with no data after it.
    if (!lineStream && cell.empty())
    {
        // If there was a trailing comma then add an empty element.
        result.push_back("");
    }
    return result;
}

我只需要创建一个表示一行的类。 然后流到该对象:

#include <iterator>
#include <iostream>
#include <fstream>
#include <sstream>
#include <vector>
#include <string>

class CSVRow
{
    public:
        std::string_view operator[](std::size_t index) const
        {
            return std::string_view(&m_line[m_data[index] + 1], m_data[index + 1] -  (m_data[index] + 1));
        }
        std::size_t size() const
        {
            return m_data.size() - 1;
        }
        void readNextRow(std::istream& str)
        {
            std::getline(str, m_line);

            m_data.clear();
            m_data.emplace_back(-1);
            std::string::size_type pos = 0;
            while((pos = m_line.find(',', pos)) != std::string::npos)
            {
                m_data.emplace_back(pos);
                ++pos;
            }
            // This checks for a trailing comma with no data after it.
            pos   = m_line.size();
            m_data.emplace_back(pos);
        }
    private:
        std::string         m_line;
        std::vector<int>    m_data;
};

std::istream& operator>>(std::istream& str, CSVRow& data)
{
    data.readNextRow(str);
    return str;
}   
int main()
{
    std::ifstream       file("plop.csv");

    CSVRow              row;
    while(file >> row)
    {
        std::cout << "4th Element(" << row[3] << ")\n";
    }
}

但只要做一点工作，我们就可以在技术上创建一个迭代器:

class CSVIterator
{   
    public:
        typedef std::input_iterator_tag     iterator_category;
        typedef CSVRow                      value_type;
        typedef std::size_t                 difference_type;
        typedef CSVRow*                     pointer;
        typedef CSVRow&                     reference;

        CSVIterator(std::istream& str)  :m_str(str.good()?&str:nullptr) { ++(*this); }
        CSVIterator()                   :m_str(nullptr) {}

        // Pre Increment
        CSVIterator& operator++()               {if (m_str) { if (!((*m_str) >> m_row)){m_str = nullptr;}}return *this;}
        // Post increment
        CSVIterator operator++(int)             {CSVIterator    tmp(*this);++(*this);return tmp;}
        CSVRow const& operator*()   const       {return m_row;}
        CSVRow const* operator->()  const       {return &m_row;}

        bool operator==(CSVIterator const& rhs) {return ((this == &rhs) || ((this->m_str == nullptr) && (rhs.m_str == nullptr)));}
        bool operator!=(CSVIterator const& rhs) {return !((*this) == rhs);}
    private:
        std::istream*       m_str;
        CSVRow              m_row;
};


int main()
{
    std::ifstream       file("plop.csv");

    for(CSVIterator loop(file); loop != CSVIterator(); ++loop)
    {
        std::cout << "4th Element(" << (*loop)[3] << ")\n";
    }
}

现在我们已经到了2020年，让我们添加一个CSVRange对象:

class CSVRange
{
    std::istream&   stream;
    public:
        CSVRange(std::istream& str)
            : stream(str)
        {}
        CSVIterator begin() const {return CSVIterator{stream};}
        CSVIterator end()   const {return CSVIterator{};}
};

int main()
{
    std::ifstream       file("plop.csv");

    for(auto& row: CSVRange(file))
    {
        std::cout << "4th Element(" << row[3] << ")\n";
    }
}

你可能想看看我的自由/开源软件项目CSVfix(更新链接)，这是一个用c++编写的CSV流编辑器。CSV解析器不是什么好东西，但它完成了工作，整个包可以在不编写任何代码的情况下满足您的需要。

CSV解析器请参见alib/src/a_csv.cpp，使用示例请参见csvlib/src/csved_ioman.cpp (IOManager::ReadCSV)。

我写了一个只有头文件的c++ 11 CSV解析器。它经过了良好的测试，快速，支持整个CSV规范(带引号的字段，引号中的分隔符/结束符，引号转义等)，并且可以配置为不符合规范的CSV。

配置是通过一个流畅的接口完成的:

// constructor accepts any input stream
CsvParser parser = CsvParser(std::cin)
  .delimiter(';')    // delimited by ; instead of ,
  .quote('\'')       // quoted fields use ' instead of "
  .terminator('\0'); // terminated by \0 instead of by \r\n, \n, or \r

解析只是一个基于范围的for循环:

#include <iostream>
#include "../parser.hpp"

using namespace aria::csv;

int main() {
  std::ifstream f("some_file.csv");
  CsvParser parser(f);

  for (auto& row : parser) {
    for (auto& field : row) {
      std::cout << field << " | ";
    }
    std::cout << std::endl;
  }
}

如果可以的话，这是我简单快速的贡献。 没有提高。

接受分隔符和分隔符中的分隔符，只要成对或远离分隔符即可。

#include <iostream>
#include <vector>
#include <fstream>

std::vector<std::string> SplitCSV(const std::string &data, char separator, char delimiter)
{
  std::vector<std::string> Values;
  std::string Val = "";
  bool VDel = false; // Is within delimiter?
  size_t CDel = 0; // Delimiters counter within delimiters.
  const char *C = data.c_str();
  size_t P = 0;
  do
  {
    if ((Val.length() == 0) && (C[P] == delimiter))
    {
      VDel = !VDel;
      CDel = 0;
      P++;
      continue;
    }
    if (VDel)
    {
      if (C[P] == delimiter)
      {
        if (((CDel % 2) == 0) && ( (C[P+1] == separator) || (C[P+1] == 0) || (C[P+1] == '\n') || (C[P+1] == '\r') ))
        {
          VDel = false;
          CDel = 0;
          P++;
          continue;
        }
        else
          CDel++;
      }
    }
    else
    {
      if (C[P] == separator)
      {
        Values.push_back(Val);
        Val = "";
        P++;
        continue;
      }
      if ((C[P] == 0) || (C[P] == '\n') || (C[P] == '\r'))
        break;
    }
    Val += C[P];
    P++;
  } while(P < data.length());
  Values.push_back(Val);
  return Values;
}

bool ReadCsv(const std::string &fname, std::vector<std::vector<std::string>> &data,
  char separator = ',', char delimiter = '\"')
{
  bool Ret = false;
  std::ifstream FCsv(fname);
  if (FCsv)
  {
    FCsv.seekg(0, FCsv.end);
    size_t Siz = FCsv.tellg();
    if (Siz > 0)
    {
      FCsv.seekg(0);
      data.clear();
      std::string Line;
      while (getline(FCsv, Line, '\n'))
        data.push_back(SplitCSV(Line, separator, delimiter));
      Ret = true;
    }
    FCsv.close();
  }
  return Ret;
}

int main(int argc, char *argv[])
{
  std::vector<std::vector<std::string>> Data;
  ReadCsv("fsample.csv", Data);
  return 0;
}

我的版本只使用标准c++ 11库。它很好地处理Excel CSV引用:

spam eggs,"foo,bar","""fizz buzz"""
1.23,4.567,-8.00E+09

代码是作为有限状态机编写的，每次只消耗一个字符。我认为这更容易解释。

#include <istream>
#include <string>
#include <vector>

enum class CSVState {
    UnquotedField,
    QuotedField,
    QuotedQuote
};

std::vector<std::string> readCSVRow(const std::string &row) {
    CSVState state = CSVState::UnquotedField;
    std::vector<std::string> fields {""};
    size_t i = 0; // index of the current field
    for (char c : row) {
        switch (state) {
            case CSVState::UnquotedField:
                switch (c) {
                    case ',': // end of field
                              fields.push_back(""); i++;
                              break;
                    case '"': state = CSVState::QuotedField;
                              break;
                    default:  fields[i].push_back(c);
                              break; }
                break;
            case CSVState::QuotedField:
                switch (c) {
                    case '"': state = CSVState::QuotedQuote;
                              break;
                    default:  fields[i].push_back(c);
                              break; }
                break;
            case CSVState::QuotedQuote:
                switch (c) {
                    case ',': // , after closing quote
                              fields.push_back(""); i++;
                              state = CSVState::UnquotedField;
                              break;
                    case '"': // "" -> "
                              fields[i].push_back('"');
                              state = CSVState::QuotedField;
                              break;
                    default:  // end of quote
                              state = CSVState::UnquotedField;
                              break; }
                break;
        }
    }
    return fields;
}

/// Read CSV file, Excel dialect. Accept "quoted fields ""with quotes"""
std::vector<std::vector<std::string>> readCSV(std::istream &in) {
    std::vector<std::vector<std::string>> table;
    std::string row;
    while (!in.eof()) {
        std::getline(in, row);
        if (in.bad() || in.fail()) {
            break;
        }
        auto fields = readCSVRow(row);
        table.push_back(fields);
    }
    return table;
}