经过优化的Python3解决方案在itertools食谱之一中给出:

import itertools

def grouper(iterable, n, fillvalue=None):
    "Collect data into fixed-length chunks or blocks"
    # grouper('ABCDEFG', 3, 'x') --> ABC DEF Gxx"
    args = [iter(iterable)] * n
    return itertools.zip_longest(*args, fillvalue=fillvalue)

这个问题的标题有误导性，你似乎在寻找连续的对，但如果你想遍历所有可能的对的集合，那么这样做是可行的:

for i,v in enumerate(items[:-1]):
        for u in items[i+1:]:

>>> l = [1,2,3,4,5,6]

>>> zip(l,l[1:])
[(1, 2), (2, 3), (3, 4), (4, 5), (5, 6)]

>>> zip(l,l[1:])[::2]
[(1, 2), (3, 4), (5, 6)]

>>> [a+b for a,b in zip(l,l[1:])[::2]]
[3, 7, 11]

>>> ["%d + %d = %d" % (a,b,a+b) for a,b in zip(l,l[1:])[::2]]
['1 + 2 = 3', '3 + 4 = 7', '5 + 6 = 11']

我需要把一个列表除以一个数字，然后像这样固定。

l = [1,2,3,4,5,6]

def divideByN(data, n):
        return [data[i*n : (i+1)*n] for i in range(len(data)//n)]  

>>> print(divideByN(l,2))
[[1, 2], [3, 4], [5, 6]]

>>> print(divideByN(l,3))
[[1, 2, 3], [4, 5, 6]]

另一种更清洁的解决方案

def grouped(itr, n=2):
    itr = iter(itr)
    end = object()
    while True:
        vals = tuple(next(itr, end) for _ in range(n))
        if vals[-1] is end:
            return
        yield vals

更多定制选项

from collections.abc import Sized

def grouped(itr, n=2, /, truncate=True, fillvalue=None, strict=False, nofill=False):
    if strict:
        if isinstance(itr, Sized):
            if len(itr) % n != 0:
                raise ValueError(f"{len(itr)=} is not divisible by {n=}")
    itr = iter(itr)
    end = object()
    while True:
        vals = tuple(next(itr, end) for _ in range(n))
        if vals[-1] is end:
            if vals[0] is end:
                return
            if strict:
                raise ValueError("found extra stuff in iterable")
            if nofill:
                yield tuple(v for v in vals if v is not end)
                return
            if truncate:
                return
            yield tuple(v if v is not end else fillvalue for v in vals)
            return
        yield vals

我认为这是一个分享我对n>2的概括的好地方，它只是一个可迭代对象上的滑动窗口:

def sliding_window(iterable, n):
    its = [ itertools.islice(iter, i, None) 
            for i, iter
            in enumerate(itertools.tee(iterable, n)) ]                               

    return itertools.izip(*its)