我有一个数据帧有一个(字符串)列，我想把它分成两个(字符串)列，其中一个列标题为“fips”和另一个“行”
我的数据框架df看起来是这样的:
row
0 00000 UNITED STATES
1 01000 ALABAMA
2 01001 Autauga County, AL
3 01003 Baldwin County, AL
4 01005 Barbour County, AL
我不知道如何使用df.row。Str[:]来实现拆分行单元格的目标。我可以使用df['fips'] = hello添加一个新列，并用hello填充它。什么好主意吗?
fips row
0 00000 UNITED STATES
1 01000 ALABAMA
2 01001 Autauga County, AL
3 01003 Baldwin County, AL
4 01005 Barbour County, AL
当前回答
df[['fips', 'row']] = df['row'].str.split(' ', n=1, expand=True)
其他回答
你可以使用str.split by空格(默认分隔符)和参数expand=True为DataFrame赋值给新列:
df = pd.DataFrame({'row': ['00000 UNITED STATES', '01000 ALABAMA',
'01001 Autauga County, AL', '01003 Baldwin County, AL',
'01005 Barbour County, AL']})
print (df)
row
0 00000 UNITED STATES
1 01000 ALABAMA
2 01001 Autauga County, AL
3 01003 Baldwin County, AL
4 01005 Barbour County, AL
df[['a','b']] = df['row'].str.split(n=1, expand=True)
print (df)
row a b
0 00000 UNITED STATES 00000 UNITED STATES
1 01000 ALABAMA 01000 ALABAMA
2 01001 Autauga County, AL 01001 Autauga County, AL
3 01003 Baldwin County, AL 01003 Baldwin County, AL
4 01005 Barbour County, AL 01005 Barbour County, AL
修改，如果需要删除原始列datafframe .pop
df[['a','b']] = df.pop('row').str.split(n=1, expand=True)
print (df)
a b
0 00000 UNITED STATES
1 01000 ALABAMA
2 01001 Autauga County, AL
3 01003 Baldwin County, AL
4 01005 Barbour County, AL
什么是一样的:
df[['a','b']] = df['row'].str.split(n=1, expand=True)
df = df.drop('row', axis=1)
print (df)
a b
0 00000 UNITED STATES
1 01000 ALABAMA
2 01001 Autauga County, AL
3 01003 Baldwin County, AL
4 01005 Barbour County, AL
如果get错误:
#remove n=1 for split by all whitespaces
df[['a','b']] = df['row'].str.split(expand=True)
ValueError:列的长度必须与键的长度相同
你可以检查，它返回4列DataFrame，而不是只有2:
print (df['row'].str.split(expand=True))
0 1 2 3
0 00000 UNITED STATES None
1 01000 ALABAMA None None
2 01001 Autauga County, AL
3 01003 Baldwin County, AL
4 01005 Barbour County, AL
那么解决方案是通过join追加新的DataFrame:
df = pd.DataFrame({'row': ['00000 UNITED STATES', '01000 ALABAMA',
'01001 Autauga County, AL', '01003 Baldwin County, AL',
'01005 Barbour County, AL'],
'a':range(5)})
print (df)
a row
0 0 00000 UNITED STATES
1 1 01000 ALABAMA
2 2 01001 Autauga County, AL
3 3 01003 Baldwin County, AL
4 4 01005 Barbour County, AL
df = df.join(df['row'].str.split(expand=True))
print (df)
a row 0 1 2 3
0 0 00000 UNITED STATES 00000 UNITED STATES None
1 1 01000 ALABAMA 01000 ALABAMA None None
2 2 01001 Autauga County, AL 01001 Autauga County, AL
3 3 01003 Baldwin County, AL 01003 Baldwin County, AL
4 4 01005 Barbour County, AL 01005 Barbour County, AL
与删除原始列(如果还有其他列):
df = df.join(df.pop('row').str.split(expand=True))
print (df)
a 0 1 2 3
0 0 00000 UNITED STATES None
1 1 01000 ALABAMA None None
2 2 01001 Autauga County, AL
3 3 01003 Baldwin County, AL
4 4 01005 Barbour County, AL
使用df。赋值以创建一个新的df。参见https://pandas.pydata.org/docs/reference/api/pandas.DataFrame.assign.html
split = df_selected['name'].str.split(',', 1, expand=True)
df_split = df_selected.assign(first_name=split[0], last_name=split[1])
df_split.drop('name', 1, inplace=True)
或者以方法链的形式:
df_split = (df_selected
.assign(list_col=lambda df: df['name'].str.split(',', 1, expand=False),
first_name=lambda df: df.list_col.str[0],
last_name=lambda df: df.list_col.str[1])
.drop(columns=['list_col']))
df[['fips', 'row']] = df['row'].str.split(' ', n=1, expand=True)
也许有更好的方法，但这是一种方法:
row
0 00000 UNITED STATES
1 01000 ALABAMA
2 01001 Autauga County, AL
3 01003 Baldwin County, AL
4 01005 Barbour County, AL
df = pd.DataFrame(df.row.str.split(' ',1).tolist(),
columns = ['fips','row'])
fips row
0 00000 UNITED STATES
1 01000 ALABAMA
2 01001 Autauga County, AL
3 01003 Baldwin County, AL
4 01005 Barbour County, AL
如果你想根据分隔符将一个字符串分割成两个以上的列，你可以省略'maximum splitting '参数。 你可以使用:
df['column_name'].str.split('/', expand=True)
这将自动创建与任何初始字符串中包含的最大字段数量相同的列。
