虽然getattr（）是一种优雅的（大约快7倍）方法，但您可以使用eval从函数（local、class方法、模块）获得返回值，其优雅程度与x=eval（'fo.bar'）（）相同。当您实现一些错误处理时，就会非常安全（getattr也可以使用相同的原理）。模块导入和类示例：

# import module, call module function, pass parameters and print retured value with eval():
import random
bar = 'random.randint'
randint = eval(bar)(0,100)
print(randint) # will print random int from <0;100)

# also class method returning (or not) value(s) can be used with eval: 
class Say:
    def say(something='nothing'):
        return something

bar = 'Say.say'
print(eval(bar)('nice to meet you too')) # will print 'nice to meet you' 

当模块或类不存在（键入错误或其他更好的错误）时，就会引发NameError。如果函数不存在，则引发AttributeError。这可用于处理错误：

# try/except block can be used to catch both errors
try:
    eval('Say.talk')() # raises AttributeError because function does not exist
    eval('Says.say')() # raises NameError because the class does not exist
    # or the same with getattr:
    getattr(Say, 'talk')() # raises AttributeError
    getattr(Says, 'say')() # raises NameError
except AttributeError:
    # do domething or just...
    print('Function does not exist')
except NameError:
    # do domething or just...
    print('Module does not exist')

getattr根据对象的名称调用方法。但此对象应该是调用类的父对象。父类可以由super（self.__class__，self）获取

class Base:
    def call_base(func):
        """This does not work"""
        def new_func(self, *args, **kwargs):
            name = func.__name__
            getattr(super(self.__class__, self), name)(*args, **kwargs)
        return new_func

    def f(self, *args):
        print(f"BASE method invoked.")

    def g(self, *args):
        print(f"BASE method invoked.")

class Inherit(Base):
    @Base.call_base
    def f(self, *args):
        """function body will be ignored by the decorator."""
        pass

    @Base.call_base
    def g(self, *args):
        """function body will be ignored by the decorator."""
        pass

Inherit().f() # The goal is to print "BASE method invoked."

给定一个字符串和一个函数的完整python路径，这就是我如何获得所述函数的结果：

import importlib
function_string = 'mypackage.mymodule.myfunc'
mod_name, func_name = function_string.rsplit('.',1)
mod = importlib.import_module(mod_name)
func = getattr(mod, func_name)
result = func()

基于Patrick的解决方案，要动态获取模块，请使用以下方法导入：

module = __import__('foo')
func = getattr(module, 'bar')
func()

关于这个问题，如何使用方法名分配给标记为与此重复的变量[重复]来动态调用类中的方法，我在这里发布了一个相关的答案：

场景是，一个类中的一个方法想要动态调用同一个类上的另一个方法，我在原始示例中添加了一些细节，这提供了更广泛的场景和清晰性：

class MyClass:
    def __init__(self, i):
        self.i = i

    def get(self):
        func = getattr(MyClass, 'function{}'.format(self.i))
        func(self, 12)   # This one will work
        # self.func(12)    # But this does NOT work.


    def function1(self, p1):
        print('function1: {}'.format(p1))
        # do other stuff

    def function2(self, p1):
        print('function2: {}'.format(p1))
        # do other stuff


if __name__ == "__main__":
    class1 = MyClass(1)
    class1.get()
    class2 = MyClass(2)
    class2.get()

输出（Python 3.7.x）功能1：12功能2:12

答案（我希望）从来没有人想要

Eval样行为

getattr(locals().get("foo") or globals().get("foo"), "bar")()

为什么不添加自动导入

getattr(
    locals().get("foo") or 
    globals().get("foo") or
    __import__("foo"), 
"bar")()

万一我们有多余的字典要查

getattr(next((x for x in (f("foo") for f in 
                          [locals().get, globals().get, 
                           self.__dict__.get, __import__]) 
              if x)),
"bar")()

我们需要更深入

getattr(next((x for x in (f("foo") for f in 
              ([locals().get, globals().get, self.__dict__.get] +
               [d.get for d in (list(dd.values()) for dd in 
                                [locals(),globals(),self.__dict__]
                                if isinstance(dd,dict))
                if isinstance(d,dict)] + 
               [__import__])) 
        if x)),
"bar")()