基于Swift 4及以上答案的UILabel扩展

extension UILabel {

    func retrieveTextHeight () -> CGFloat {
        let attributedText = NSAttributedString(string: self.text!, attributes: [NSFontAttributeName:self.font])

        let rect = attributedText.boundingRect(with: CGSize(width: self.frame.size.width, height: CGFloat.greatestFiniteMagnitude), options: .usesLineFragmentOrigin, context: nil)

        return ceil(rect.size.height)
    }

}

可以这样使用:

self.labelHeightConstraint.constant = self.label.retrieveTextHeight()

你可以通过以下方式实现TableViewController的(UITableViewCell *)tableView:cellForRowAtIndexPath方法(例如):

#define CELL_LABEL_TAG 1

- (UITableViewCell *)tableView:(UITableView *)tableView  cellForRowAtIndexPath:(NSIndexPath *)indexPath {
    NSString *text = @"my long text";

    static NSString *MyIdentifier = @"MyIdentifier";
    UITableViewCell *cell = [tableView dequeueReusableCellWithIdentifier:MyIdentifier];
    if (cell == nil) {
        cell = [[[UITableViewCell alloc] initWithFrame:CGRectZero  reuseIdentifier:identifier] autorelease];
    }

    CGFloat width = [UIScreen mainScreen].bounds.size.width - 50;
    CGFloat height = [self textHeight:text] + 10;
    CGRect frame = CGRectMake(10.0f, 10.0f, width, height);

    UILabel *cellLabel = [[UILabel alloc] initWithFrame:frame];
    cellLabel.tag = CELL_LABEL_TAG;
    cellLabel.textColor = [UIColor blackColor];
    cellLabel.backgroundColor = [UIColor clearColor];
    cellLabel.textAlignment = UITextAlignmentLeft;
    cellLabel.font = [UIFont systemFontOfSize:12.0f];
    [cell.contentView addSubview:cellLabel];
    [cellLabel release];

    return cell;
}

UILabel *label = (UILabel *)[cell viewWithTag:CELL_LABEL_TAG];
label.text = text;
label.numberOfLines = 0;
[label sizeToFit];
return cell;

也可以使用NSString的sizeWithFont:constrainedToSize:lineBreakMode:方法来计算文本的高度。

根据iOS7更新

// If description are available for protocol
protocolDescriptionLabel.text = [dataDictionary objectForKey:@"description"];
[protocolDescriptionLabel sizeToFit];
[protocolDescriptionLabel setLineBreakMode:NSLineBreakByWordWrapping];

CGSize expectedLabelSize = [protocolDescriptionLabel
               textRectForBounds:protocolDescriptionLabel.frame
               limitedToNumberOfLines:protocolDescriptionLabel.numberOfLines].size;
NSLog(@"expectedLabelSize %f", expectedLabelSize.height);

//adjust the label the the new height.
CGRect newFrame = protocolDescriptionLabel.frame;
newFrame.size.height = expectedLabelSize.height;
protocolDescriptionLabel.frame = newFrame;

sizeWithFont constrainedToSize:lineBreakMode:是使用的方法。如何使用它的例子如下:

//Calculate the expected size based on the font and linebreak mode of your label
// FLT_MAX here simply means no constraint in height
CGSize maximumLabelSize = CGSizeMake(296, FLT_MAX);

CGSize expectedLabelSize = [yourString sizeWithFont:yourLabel.font constrainedToSize:maximumLabelSize lineBreakMode:yourLabel.lineBreakMode];   

//adjust the label the the new height.
CGRect newFrame = yourLabel.frame;
newFrame.size.height = expectedLabelSize.height;
yourLabel.frame = newFrame;

当自动布局被启用时，调整大小不工作:)

对于那些迁移到iOS 8的人，这里有一个Swift的类扩展:

extension UILabel {

    func autoresize() {
        if let textNSString: NSString = self.text {
            let rect = textNSString.boundingRectWithSize(CGSizeMake(self.frame.size.width, CGFloat.max),
                options: NSStringDrawingOptions.UsesLineFragmentOrigin,
                attributes: [NSFontAttributeName: self.font],
                context: nil)
            self.frame = CGRectMake(self.frame.origin.x, self.frame.origin.y, self.frame.size.width, rect.height)
        }
    }

}