我在一次工作面试中被问到这个问题，我想知道其他人是如何解决这个问题的。我最擅长使用Java，但也欢迎使用其他语言的解决方案。
给定一个数字数组nums，返回一个数字数组products，其中products[i]是所有nums[j]的乘积，j != i。 输入:[1,2,3,4,5] 输出:[(2 * 3 * 4 * 5),(1 * 3 * 4 * 5),(1 * 2 * 4 * 5),(1 * 2 * 3 * 5),(1 * 2 * 3 * 4)] = [120, 60, 40, 30, 24] 你必须在O(N)中不使用除法来做这个。
当前回答
int[] arr1 = { 1, 2, 3, 4, 5 };
int[] product = new int[arr1.Length];
for (int i = 0; i < arr1.Length; i++)
{
for (int j = 0; j < product.Length; j++)
{
if (i != j)
{
product[j] = product[j] == 0 ? arr1[i] : product[j] * arr1[i];
}
}
}
其他回答
我们可以先从列表中排除nums[j](其中j != i)，然后得到其余部分的乘积;下面是python解决这个难题的方法:
from functools import reduce
def products(nums):
return [ reduce(lambda x,y: x * y, nums[:i] + nums[i+1:]) for i in range(len(nums)) ]
print(products([1, 2, 3, 4, 5]))
[out]
[120, 60, 40, 30, 24]
int[] arr1 = { 1, 2, 3, 4, 5 };
int[] product = new int[arr1.Length];
for (int i = 0; i < arr1.Length; i++)
{
for (int j = 0; j < product.Length; j++)
{
if (i != j)
{
product[j] = product[j] == 0 ? arr1[i] : product[j] * arr1[i];
}
}
}
我们正在分解数组的元素，首先从下标之前开始，即前缀，然后是下标或后缀之后
class Solution:
def productExceptSelf(nums):
length = len(nums)
result = [1] * length
prefix_product = 1
postfix_product = 1
# we initialize the result and products
for i in range(length)
result[i] *= prefix_product
prefix_product *= nums[i]
#we multiply the result by each number before the index
for i in range(length-1,-1,-1)
result[i] *= postfix_product
postfix_product *= nums[i]
#same for after index
return result
抱歉，走路时用手机
下面是Ruby中的一行程序解决方案。
全国矿工工会。映射{|n| (num - [n]).inject(:*)}
def products(nums):
prefix_products = []
for num in nums:
if prefix_products:
prefix_products.append(prefix_products[-1] * num)
else:
prefix_products.append(num)
suffix_products = []
for num in reversed(nums):
if suffix_products:
suffix_products.append(suffix_products[-1] * num)
else:
suffix_products.append(num)
suffix_products = list(reversed(suffix_products))
result = []
for i in range(len(nums)):
if i == 0:
result.append(suffix_products[i + 1])
elif i == len(nums) - 1:
result.append(prefix_products[i-1])
else:
result.append(
prefix_products[i-1] * suffix_products[i+1]
)
return result
