这是对Eric的回答的改进:

UIViewController *_topMostController(UIViewController *cont) {
    UIViewController *topController = cont;

    while (topController.presentedViewController) {
        topController = topController.presentedViewController;
    }

    if ([topController isKindOfClass:[UINavigationController class]]) {
        UIViewController *visible = ((UINavigationController *)topController).visibleViewController;
        if (visible) {
            topController = visible;
        }
    }

    return (topController != cont ? topController : nil);
}

UIViewController *topMostController() {
    UIViewController *topController = [UIApplication sharedApplication].keyWindow.rootViewController;

    UIViewController *next = nil;

    while ((next = _topMostController(topController)) != nil) {
        topController = next;
    }

    return topController;
}

UIViewController *cont是一个辅助函数。

现在你所需要做的就是调用topMostController()和最顶端的UIViewController应该被返回!

这对于从任何根视图控件中找到top viewcontroller1非常有效

+ (UIViewController *)topViewControllerFor:(UIViewController *)viewController
{
    if(!viewController.presentedViewController)
        return viewController;
    return [MF5AppDelegate topViewControllerFor:viewController.presentedViewController];
}

/* View Controller for Visible View */

AppDelegate *app = [UIApplication sharedApplication].delegate;
UIViewController *visibleViewController = [AppDelegate topViewControllerFor:app.window.rootViewController]; 

Swift 4.2中一个简洁而全面的解决方案，考虑了UINavigationControllers, UITabBarControllers, presenting和子视图控制器:

extension UIViewController {
  func topmostViewController() -> UIViewController {
    if let navigationVC = self as? UINavigationController,
      let topVC = navigationVC.topViewController {
      return topVC.topmostViewController()
    }
    if let tabBarVC = self as? UITabBarController,
      let selectedVC = tabBarVC.selectedViewController {
      return selectedVC.topmostViewController()
    }
    if let presentedVC = presentedViewController {
      return presentedVC.topmostViewController()
    }
    if let childVC = children.last {
      return childVC.topmostViewController()
    }
    return self
  }
}

extension UIApplication {
  func topmostViewController() -> UIViewController? {
    return keyWindow?.rootViewController?.topmostViewController()
  }
}

用法:

let viewController = UIApplication.shared.topmostViewController()

iOS 4在UIWindow上引入了rootViewController属性:

[UIApplication sharedApplication].keyWindow.rootViewController;

你需要在创建视图控制器后自己设置。

为了完成Eric的回答(谁省略了弹出窗口，导航控制器，选项卡控制器，视图控制器添加为子视图到一些其他的视图控制器遍历)，这是我的版本返回当前可见的视图控制器:

=====================================================================

- (UIViewController*)topViewController {
    return [self topViewControllerWithRootViewController:[UIApplication sharedApplication].keyWindow.rootViewController];
}

- (UIViewController*)topViewControllerWithRootViewController:(UIViewController*)viewController {
    if ([viewController isKindOfClass:[UITabBarController class]]) {
        UITabBarController* tabBarController = (UITabBarController*)viewController;
        return [self topViewControllerWithRootViewController:tabBarController.selectedViewController];
    } else if ([viewController isKindOfClass:[UINavigationController class]]) {
        UINavigationController* navContObj = (UINavigationController*)viewController;
        return [self topViewControllerWithRootViewController:navContObj.visibleViewController];
    } else if (viewController.presentedViewController && !viewController.presentedViewController.isBeingDismissed) {
        UIViewController* presentedViewController = viewController.presentedViewController;
        return [self topViewControllerWithRootViewController:presentedViewController];
    }
    else {
        for (UIView *view in [viewController.view subviews])
        {
            id subViewController = [view nextResponder];
            if ( subViewController && [subViewController isKindOfClass:[UIViewController class]])
            {
                if ([(UIViewController *)subViewController presentedViewController]  && ![subViewController presentedViewController].isBeingDismissed) {
                    return [self topViewControllerWithRootViewController:[(UIViewController *)subViewController presentedViewController]];
                }
            }
        }
        return viewController;
    }
}

=====================================================================

现在你需要做的就是像下面这样调用上面的方法:

UIViewController *topMostViewControllerObj = [self topViewController];

Swift替代解决方案:

static func topMostController() -> UIViewController {
    var topController = UIApplication.sharedApplication().keyWindow?.rootViewController
    while (topController?.presentedViewController != nil) {
        topController = topController?.presentedViewController
    }

    return topController!
}