如果您想使用Python作为shell，为什么不看看IPython呢?用互动的方式学习语言也很好。 如果需要进行大量的文本操作，并且使用Vim作为文本编辑器，那么还可以直接用python为Vim编写插件。只需在Vim中输入“:help python”，然后按照说明操作，或者看看这个演示文稿。它是如此简单和强大的编写函数，你将直接在你的编辑器中使用!

截至2015年和Python 3.4的发布，现在有一个相当完整的用户交互shell: http://xon.sh/或https://github.com/scopatz/xonsh

演示视频没有显示正在使用的管道，但是在默认shell模式下支持管道。

Xonsh(“conch”)非常努力地模仿bash，因此您已经获得了肌肉记忆，例如

env | uniq | sort -r | grep PATH

or

my-web-server 2>&1 | my-log-sorter

仍然可以正常工作。

本教程相当冗长，似乎涵盖了人们通常在ash或bash提示符时所期望的大量功能:

Compiles, Evaluates, & Executes! Command History and Tab Completion Help & Superhelp with ? & ?? Aliases & Customized Prompts Executes Commands and/or *.xsh Scripts which can also be imported Environment Variables including Lookup with ${} Input/Output Redirection and Combining Background Jobs & Job Control Nesting Subprocesses, Pipes, and Coprocesses Subprocess-mode when a command exists, Python-mode otherwise Captured Subprocess with $(), Uncaptured Subprocess with $[], Python Evaluation with @() Filename Globbing with * or Regular Expression Filename Globbing with Backticks

最好的选择是专门针对您的问题的工具。如果它正在处理文本文件，那么Sed、Awk和Perl是最佳竞争者。Python是一种通用动态语言。与任何通用语言一样，它支持文件操作，但这不是它的核心目的。如果我特别需要一种动态语言，我会考虑Python或Ruby。

简而言之，非常好地学习Sed和Awk，以及所有其他随*nix风格而来的好东西(所有Bash内置，grep, tr等等)。如果您感兴趣的是文本文件处理，那么您已经使用了正确的方法。

我建议你看一本很棒的在线书籍Dive Into Python。这就是我最初学习这门语言的方式。

除了教你语言的基本结构和大量有用的数据结构之外，它还有一个关于文件处理的很好的章节，以及关于正则表达式等的后续章节。

任何shell都有几组特性。

The Essential Linux/Unix commands. All of these are available through the subprocess library. This isn't always the best first choice for doing all external commands. Look also at shutil for some commands that are separate Linux commands, but you could probably implement directly in your Python scripts. Another huge batch of Linux commands are in the os library; you can do these more simply in Python. And -- bonus! -- more quickly. Each separate Linux command in the shell (with a few exceptions) forks a subprocess. By using Python shutil and os modules, you don't fork a subprocess. The shell environment features. This includes stuff that sets a command's environment (current directory and environment variables and what-not). You can easily manage this from Python directly. The shell programming features. This is all the process status code checking, the various logic commands (if, while, for, etc.) the test command and all of it's relatives. The function definition stuff. This is all much, much easier in Python. This is one of the huge victories in getting rid of bash and doing it in Python. Interaction features. This includes command history and what-not. You don't need this for writing shell scripts. This is only for human interaction, and not for script-writing. The shell file management features. This includes redirection and pipelines. This is trickier. Much of this can be done with subprocess. But some things that are easy in the shell are unpleasant in Python. Specifically stuff like (a | b; c ) | something >result. This runs two processes in parallel (with output of a as input to b), followed by a third process. The output from that sequence is run in parallel with something and the output is collected into a file named result. That's just complex to express in any other language.

特定的程序(awk、sed、grep等)通常可以被重写为Python模块。不要走极端。替换您需要的内容并改进“grep”模块。不要一开始就编写一个替换“grep”的Python模块。

最好的事情是你可以一步一步来做。

用Python替换AWK和PERL。不要管其他的事情。 看看用Python替换GREP。这可能有点复杂，但是您的GREP版本可以根据您的处理需求进行定制。 看看用使用os.walk的Python循环替换FIND。这是一个巨大的胜利，因为您不需要生成那么多的进程。 看看用Python脚本替换常见的shell逻辑(循环、决策等)。

我刚刚发现了如何结合bash和ipython的最佳部分。到目前为止，这似乎比使用subprocess等更舒服。你可以很容易地复制现有bash脚本的大部分内容，例如以python的方式添加错误处理:) 这是我的结果:

#!/usr/bin/env ipython3

# *** How to have the most comfort scripting experience of your life ***
# ######################################################################
#
# … by using ipython for scripting combined with subcommands from bash!
#
# 1. echo "#!/usr/bin/env ipython3" > scriptname.ipy    # creates new ipy-file
#
# 2. chmod +x scriptname.ipy                            # make in executable
#
# 3. starting with line 2, write normal python or do some of
#    the ! magic of ipython, so that you can use unix commands
#    within python and even assign their output to a variable via
#    var = !cmd1 | cmd2 | cmd3                          # enjoy ;)
#
# 4. run via ./scriptname.ipy - if it fails with recognizing % and !
#    but parses raw python fine, please check again for the .ipy suffix

# ugly example, please go and find more in the wild
files = !ls *.* | grep "y"
for file in files:
  !echo $file | grep "p"
# sorry for this nonsense example ;)

请参阅IPython文档，了解系统shell命令并将其用作系统shell。