我翻遍了苹果的iBook,找不到任何关于它的定义:

有人能解释一下dispatch_after的结构吗?

dispatch_after(<#when: dispatch_time_t#>, <#queue: dispatch_queue_t?#>, <#block: dispatch_block_t?#>)

当前回答

更清晰的结构概念:

dispatch_after(when: dispatch_time_t, queue: dispatch_queue_t, block: dispatch_block_t?)

dispatch_time_t为UInt64。dispatch_queue_t实际上是一个NSObject的类型别名,但是你应该使用你熟悉的GCD方法来获取队列。该区块是一个快速关闭。具体来说,dispatch_block_t定义为()-> Void,相当于()->()。

使用示例:

let delayTime = dispatch_time(DISPATCH_TIME_NOW, Int64(1 * Double(NSEC_PER_SEC)))
dispatch_after(delayTime, dispatch_get_main_queue()) {
    print("test")
}

编辑:

我推荐使用@matt的延时函数。

编辑2:

在Swift 3中,GCD将会有新的包装器。请看这里:https://github.com/apple/swift-evolution/blob/master/proposals/0088-libdispatch-for-swift3.md

原来的例子在Swift 3中是这样写的:

let deadlineTime = DispatchTime.now() + .seconds(1)
DispatchQueue.main.asyncAfter(deadline: deadlineTime) {
    print("test")
}

注意,你可以将deadlineTime声明写为DispatchTime.now() + 1.0,并得到相同的结果,因为+操作符被重写如下(与-类似):

func +(time: DispatchTime, seconds: Double) -> DispatchTime . func +(time: DispatchTime, seconds: Double func +(time: DispatchWalltime, interval: DispatchTimeInterval) -> DispatchWalltime . func +(time: DispatchWalltime, interval: DispatchTimeInterval

这意味着如果您不使用DispatchTimeInterval enum,而只是写一个数字,则假定您使用的是秒。

其他回答

以下是Swift中asyncAfter的同步版本:

let deadline = DispatchTime.now() + .seconds(3)
let semaphore = DispatchSemaphore.init(value: 0)
DispatchQueue.global().asyncAfter(deadline: deadline) {
    dispatchPrecondition(condition: .onQueue(DispatchQueue.global()))
    semaphore.signal()
}

semaphore.wait()

与异步的一起:

let deadline = DispatchTime.now() + .seconds(3)
DispatchQueue.main.asyncAfter(deadline: deadline) {
    dispatchPrecondition(condition: .onQueue(DispatchQueue.global()))
}

我总是喜欢使用扩展而不是自由函数。

斯威夫特4

public extension DispatchQueue {

  private class func delay(delay: TimeInterval, closure: @escaping () -> Void) {
    let when = DispatchTime.now() + delay
    DispatchQueue.main.asyncAfter(deadline: when, execute: closure)
  }

  class func performAction(after seconds: TimeInterval, callBack: @escaping (() -> Void) ) {
    DispatchQueue.delay(delay: seconds) {
      callBack()
    }
  }

}

按以下方法使用。

DispatchQueue.performAction(after: 0.3) {
  // Code Here
}

另一个帮手来延迟你的代码,这是100%的Swift使用,并可选地允许选择一个不同的线程来运行你的延迟代码:

public func delay(bySeconds seconds: Double, dispatchLevel: DispatchLevel = .main, closure: @escaping () -> Void) {
    let dispatchTime = DispatchTime.now() + seconds
    dispatchLevel.dispatchQueue.asyncAfter(deadline: dispatchTime, execute: closure)
}

public enum DispatchLevel {
    case main, userInteractive, userInitiated, utility, background
    var dispatchQueue: DispatchQueue {
        switch self {
        case .main:                 return DispatchQueue.main
        case .userInteractive:      return DispatchQueue.global(qos: .userInteractive)
        case .userInitiated:        return DispatchQueue.global(qos: .userInitiated)
        case .utility:              return DispatchQueue.global(qos: .utility)
        case .background:           return DispatchQueue.global(qos: .background)
        }
    }
}

现在你只需在主线程上延迟你的代码,就像这样:

delay(bySeconds: 1.5) { 
    // delayed code
}

如果你想延迟你的代码到不同的线程:

delay(bySeconds: 1.5, dispatchLevel: .background) { 
    // delayed code that will run on background thread
}

如果你喜欢一个框架,也有一些更方便的功能,然后签出handysswift。你可以通过Carthage将它添加到你的项目中,然后像上面的例子一样使用它,例如:

import HandySwift    

delay(bySeconds: 1.5) { 
    // delayed code
}

Matt的语法非常好,如果你需要使块失效,你可能想使用这个:

typealias dispatch_cancelable_closure = (cancel : Bool) -> Void

func delay(time:NSTimeInterval, closure:()->Void) ->  dispatch_cancelable_closure? {

    func dispatch_later(clsr:()->Void) {
        dispatch_after(
            dispatch_time(
                DISPATCH_TIME_NOW,
                Int64(time * Double(NSEC_PER_SEC))
            ),
            dispatch_get_main_queue(), clsr)
    }

    var closure:dispatch_block_t? = closure
    var cancelableClosure:dispatch_cancelable_closure?

    let delayedClosure:dispatch_cancelable_closure = { cancel in
        if closure != nil {
            if (cancel == false) {
                dispatch_async(dispatch_get_main_queue(), closure!);
            }
        }
        closure = nil
        cancelableClosure = nil
    }

    cancelableClosure = delayedClosure

    dispatch_later {
        if let delayedClosure = cancelableClosure {
            delayedClosure(cancel: false)
        }
    }

    return cancelableClosure;
}

func cancel_delay(closure:dispatch_cancelable_closure?) {

    if closure != nil {
        closure!(cancel: true)
    }
}

使用方法如下

let retVal = delay(2.0) {
    println("Later")
}
delay(1.0) {
    cancel_delay(retVal)
}

学分

上面的链接似乎坏了。来自Github的原始Objc代码

现在在Swift的中央调度(GCD)中异步调度不仅仅是语法糖。

添加Podfile

pod 'AsyncSwift'

然后,你可以这样使用它。

let seconds = 3.0
Async.main(after: seconds) {
print("Is called after 3 seconds")
}.background(after: 6.0) {
print("At least 3.0 seconds after previous block, and 6.0 after Async code is called")
}