NSString *str = @"hello";
NSData *data = [NSData dataWithBytes:str.UTF8String length:str.length];

objective - c:

NSString *str = @"test string";
NSData *data = [NSKeyedArchiver archivedDataWithRootObject:str];
NSString *thatStr = [NSKeyedUnarchiver unarchiveObjectWithData:data];

迅速:

let str = "test string"
let data = NSKeyedArchiver.archivedData(withRootObject: str)
let thatStr = NSKeyedUnarchiver.unarchiveObject(with: data) as! String

objective - c:

NSString to NSData：

NSString* str= @"string";
NSData* data=[str dataUsingEncoding:NSUTF8StringEncoding];

NSData to NSString：

NSString* newStr = [[NSString alloc] initWithData:theData encoding:NSUTF8StringEncoding];

迅速:

字符串到数据:

var testString = "string"
var somedata = testString.data(using: String.Encoding.utf8)

数据到字符串:

var backToString = String(data: somedata!, encoding: String.Encoding.utf8) as String!

对于Swift 3，你将主要从字符串转换为数据。

let myString = "test"
let myData = myString.data(using: .utf8)
print(myData) // Optional(Data)

NSString *str = @"Banana";
NSData *data = [str dataUsingEncoding:NSUTF8StringEncoding allowLossyConversion:true];

Do:

NSData *data = [yourString dataUsingEncoding:NSUTF8StringEncoding];

然后继续NSJSONSerialization:JSONObjectWithData。

修正关于NULL结束符的答案

根据评论、官方文档和验证，更新了关于删除所谓NULL结束符的答案:

正如dataUsingEncoding所记录的:: 返回值 调用dataUsingEncoding:allowLossyConversion:的结果，NO作为第二个参数 正如getCString:maxLength:encoding:和cStringUsingEncoding::所记录的那样 注意dataUsingEncoding:allowLossyConversion:返回的数据不是一个严格的C-string，因为它没有NULL结束符