这是我用来将多个参数传递给pool.imap fork中使用的单参数函数的例程的示例：

from multiprocessing import Pool

# Wrapper of the function to map:
class makefun:
    def __init__(self, var2):
        self.var2 = var2
    def fun(self, i):
        var2 = self.var2
        return var1[i] + var2

# Couple of variables for the example:
var1 = [1, 2, 3, 5, 6, 7, 8]
var2 = [9, 10, 11, 12]

# Open the pool:
pool = Pool(processes=2)

# Wrapper loop
for j in range(len(var2)):
    # Obtain the function to map
    pool_fun = makefun(var2[j]).fun

    # Fork loop
    for i, value in enumerate(pool.imap(pool_fun, range(len(var1))), 0):
        print(var1[i], '+' ,var2[j], '=', value)

# Close the pool
pool.close()

在J.F.Sebastian的回答中了解了itertools之后，我决定更进一步，编写一个关注并行化的parmap包，在Python 2.7和Python 3.2（以及更高版本）中提供可以接受任意数量位置参数的map和starmap函数。

安装

pip install parmap

如何并行化：

import parmap
# If you want to do:
y = [myfunction(x, argument1, argument2) for x in mylist]
# In parallel:
y = parmap.map(myfunction, mylist, argument1, argument2)

# If you want to do:
z = [myfunction(x, y, argument1, argument2) for (x,y) in mylist]
# In parallel:
z = parmap.starmap(myfunction, mylist, argument1, argument2)

# If you want to do:
listx = [1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6]
listy = [2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7]
param = 3.14
param2 = 42
listz = []
for (x, y) in zip(listx, listy):
        listz.append(myfunction(x, y, param1, param2))
# In parallel:
listz = parmap.starmap(myfunction, zip(listx, listy), param1, param2)

我已经将parmap上传到PyPI和GitHub存储库。

例如，问题的答案如下：

import parmap

def harvester(case, text):
    X = case[0]
    text+ str(X)

if __name__ == "__main__":
    case = RAW_DATASET  # assuming this is an iterable
    parmap.map(harvester, case, "test", chunksize=1)

这是我用来将多个参数传递给pool.imap fork中使用的单参数函数的例程的示例：

from multiprocessing import Pool

# Wrapper of the function to map:
class makefun:
    def __init__(self, var2):
        self.var2 = var2
    def fun(self, i):
        var2 = self.var2
        return var1[i] + var2

# Couple of variables for the example:
var1 = [1, 2, 3, 5, 6, 7, 8]
var2 = [9, 10, 11, 12]

# Open the pool:
pool = Pool(processes=2)

# Wrapper loop
for j in range(len(var2)):
    # Obtain the function to map
    pool_fun = makefun(var2[j]).fun

    # Fork loop
    for i, value in enumerate(pool.imap(pool_fun, range(len(var1))), 0):
        print(var1[i], '+' ,var2[j], '=', value)

# Close the pool
pool.close()

从Python 3.4.4中，您可以使用multiprocessing.get_context（）获取上下文对象，以使用多个启动方法：

import multiprocessing as mp

def foo(q, h, w):
    q.put(h + ' ' + w)
    print(h + ' ' + w)

if __name__ == '__main__':
    ctx = mp.get_context('spawn')
    q = ctx.Queue()
    p = ctx.Process(target=foo, args=(q,'hello', 'world'))
    p.start()
    print(q.get())
    p.join()

或者你只是简单地替换

pool.map(harvester(text, case), case, 1)

具有：

pool.apply_async(harvester(text, case), case, 1)

将所有参数存储为元组数组。

该示例表示，通常调用函数为：

def mainImage(fragCoord: vec2, iResolution: vec3, iTime: float) -> vec3:

而是传递一个元组并解压缩参数：

def mainImage(package_iter) -> vec3:
    fragCoord = package_iter[0]
    iResolution = package_iter[1]
    iTime = package_iter[2]

预先使用循环构建元组：

package_iter = []
iResolution = vec3(nx, ny, 1)
for j in range((ny-1), -1, -1):
    for i in range(0, nx, 1):
        fragCoord: vec2 = vec2(i, j)
        time_elapsed_seconds = 10
        package_iter.append((fragCoord, iResolution, time_elapsed_seconds))

然后通过传递元组数组来执行所有using map：

array_rgb_values = []

with concurrent.futures.ProcessPoolExecutor() as executor:
    for val in executor.map(mainImage, package_iter):
        fragColor = val
        ir = clip(int(255* fragColor.r), 0, 255)
        ig = clip(int(255* fragColor.g), 0, 255)
        ib = clip(int(255* fragColor.b), 0, 255)

        array_rgb_values.append((ir, ig, ib))

我知道Python有*和**用于开箱，但我还没有尝试过。

使用高级库并发期货也比使用低级多处理库更好。

将Python 3.3+与pool.starmap（）一起使用：

from multiprocessing.dummy import Pool as ThreadPool 

def write(i, x):
    print(i, "---", x)

a = ["1","2","3"]
b = ["4","5","6"] 

pool = ThreadPool(2)
pool.starmap(write, zip(a,b)) 
pool.close() 
pool.join()

结果：

1 --- 4
2 --- 5
3 --- 6

如果您喜欢，还可以zip（）更多参数：zip（a，b，c，d，e）

如果希望将常量值作为参数传递：

import itertools

zip(itertools.repeat(constant), a)

如果您的函数应该返回以下内容：

results = pool.starmap(write, zip(a,b))

这将提供一个包含返回值的列表。