ECMAScript 6 引入了许可声明。
我听说它被描述为一个当地变量,但我仍然不确定它是如何行为不同于 var 关键词。
什么是差异?什么时候应该被允许使用而不是 var?
ECMAScript 6 引入了许可声明。
我听说它被描述为一个当地变量,但我仍然不确定它是如何行为不同于 var 关键词。
什么是差异?什么时候应该被允许使用而不是 var?
当前回答
在基本上,
for (let i = 0; i < 5; i++) {
// i accessible ✔️
}
// i not accessible ❌
for (var i = 0; i < 5; i++) {
// i accessible ✔️
}
// i accessible ✔️
<unk>️ Sandbox 要玩 ↓
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其他回答
答案缺少一点:
{
let a = 123;
};
console.log(a); // ReferenceError: a is not defined
函数运行() { var foo = “Foo”; let bar = “Bar”; console.log(foo, bar); // Foo Bar { var Moo = “Mooo” let baz = “Bazz”; console.log(moo, baz); // Mooo Bazz } console.log(moo); // Mooo console.log(baz); // ReferenceError } run();
為什麼讓關鍵字被引入到語言是功能範圍是混亂的原因,是JavaScript的主要錯誤來源之一。
创建全球对象财产
在最高层次上,让我们不同于VAR,不会在全球对象上创造任何财产:
var foo = “Foo”; // 全球推翻的Let bar = “Bar”; // 不允许全球推翻的console.log(window.foo); // Foo console.log(window.bar); // undefined
在 MDN 中查看此链接
let x = 1;
if (x === 1) {
let x = 2;
console.log(x);
// expected output: 2
}
console.log(x);
// expected output: 1
使用 var 声明定义的变量在其定义的整个函数中已知,从函数的开始。 (*) 使用 let 声明定义的变量仅在其定义的区块中已知,从其定义的时刻开始。
// i IS NOT known here
// j IS NOT known here
// k IS known here, but undefined
// l IS NOT known here
function loop(arr) {
// i IS known here, but undefined
// j IS NOT known here
// k IS known here, but has a value only the second time loop is called
// l IS NOT known here
for( var i = 0; i < arr.length; i++ ) {
// i IS known here, and has a value
// j IS NOT known here
// k IS known here, but has a value only the second time loop is called
// l IS NOT known here
};
// i IS known here, and has a value
// j IS NOT known here
// k IS known here, but has a value only the second time loop is called
// l IS NOT known here
for( let j = 0; j < arr.length; j++ ) {
// i IS known here, and has a value
// j IS known here, and has a value
// k IS known here, but has a value only the second time loop is called
// l IS NOT known here
};
// i IS known here, and has a value
// j IS NOT known here
// k IS known here, but has a value only the second time loop is called
// l IS NOT known here
}
loop([1,2,3,4]);
for( var k = 0; k < arr.length; k++ ) {
// i IS NOT known here
// j IS NOT known here
// k IS known here, and has a value
// l IS NOT known here
};
for( let l = 0; l < arr.length; l++ ) {
// i IS NOT known here
// j IS NOT known here
// k IS known here, and has a value
// l IS known here, and has a value
};
loop([1,2,3,4]);
// i IS NOT known here
// j IS NOT known here
// k IS known here, and has a value
// l IS NOT known here
今天使用安全吗?
有些人会说,在未来,我们只会使用让陈述,而这些陈述会变得过时。JavaScript老师Kyle Simpson写了一篇非常复杂的文章,他认为为什么不会这样。
事实上,我们实际上需要问自己是否安全使用放弃声明,这个问题的答案取决于你的环境:
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如何跟踪浏览器支持
正如我目前正在试图深入了解JavaScript,我将分享我的简短研究,其中包含一些已经讨论的伟大作品,以及一些其他细节,从不同的角度。
理解VAR和LAT之间的差异可以更容易,如果我们理解函数和区块范围之间的差异。
让我们来看看以下案例:
(function timer() {
for(var i = 0; i <= 5; i++) {
setTimeout(function notime() { console.log(i); }, i * 1000);
}
})();
Stack VariableEnvironment //one VariablEnvironment for timer();
// when the timer is out - the value will be the same for each iteration
5. [setTimeout, i] [i=5]
4. [setTimeout, i]
3. [setTimeout, i]
2. [setTimeout, i]
1. [setTimeout, i]
0. [setTimeout, i]
####################
(function timer() {
for (let i = 0; i <= 5; i++) {
setTimeout(function notime() { console.log(i); }, i * 1000);
}
})();
Stack LexicalEnvironment - each iteration has a new lexical environment
5. [setTimeout, i] [i=5]
LexicalEnvironment
4. [setTimeout, i] [i=4]
LexicalEnvironment
3. [setTimeout, i] [i=3]
LexicalEnvironment
2. [setTimeout, i] [i=2]
LexicalEnvironment
1. [setTimeout, i] [i=1]
LexicalEnvironment
0. [setTimeout, i] [i=0]
当按时()被称为执行内容时,将创建一个内容,该内容将包含每个字符串的变量环境和所有相应的语法环境。
更简单的例子
功能范围
function test() {
for(var z = 0; z < 69; z++) {
//todo
}
//z is visible outside the loop
}
区块范围
function test() {
for(let z = 0; z < 69; z++) {
//todo
}
//z is not defined :(
}
简而言之,Let和Var之间的区别在于Var是功能分解,Let是区块分解。