打个比方

尽管上面已经给出了很多关于套接字的技术知识…… 我想补充我的答案，以防万一，如果有人仍然不能感觉到ip，端口和套接字之间的区别

考虑一个服务器S，

假设X、Y、Z需要服务器S提供的服务(比如聊天服务)

then

IP地址告诉——>谁?是X,Y,Z想要联系的聊天服务器'S'吗

好的，你有"谁是服务员"

但假设服务器S也为其他人提供一些其他服务，比如S为A、B、C提供存储服务

then

端口告诉——>哪个?你(X,Y,Z)需要的服务，即聊天服务，而不是存储服务

好吧. .，你让服务器知道“聊天服务”是你想要的，而不是存储

but

您是三个人，服务器可能希望以不同的方式识别所有三个人

这是插座

socket告诉。>是哪个?特定的连接

也就是说，

socket 1用于X人

Y的socket 2

Z的插座3

An application consists of pair of processes which communicate over the network (client-server pair). These processes send and receive messages, into and from the network through a software interface called socket. Considering the analogy presented in the book "Computer Networking: Top Down Approach". There is a house that wants to communicate with other house. Here, house is analogous to a process, and door to a socket. Sending process assumes that there is a infrastructure on the other side of the door that will transport the data to the destination. Once the message is arrived on the other side, it passes through receiver's door (socket) into the house (process). This illustration from the same book can help you: Sockets are part of transport layer, which provides logical communication to applications. This means that from application's point of view both hosts are directly connected to each other, even though there are numerous routers and/or switches between them. Thus a socket is not a connection itself, it's the end point of the connection. Transport layer protocols are implemented only on hosts, and not on intermediate routers. Ports provide means of internal addressing to a machine. The primary purpose it to allow multiple processes to send and receive data over the network without interfering with other processes (their data). All sockets are provided with a port number. When a segment arrives to a host, the transport layer examines the destination port number of the segment. It then forwards the segment to the corresponding socket. This job of delivering the data in a transport layer segment to the correct socket is called de-multiplexing. The segment's data is then forwarded to the process attached to the socket.

端口:

端口可以指物理连接点 用于外部设备，如串行、并行和USB端口。 术语端口也指某些以太网连接点 如集线器、交换机或路由器上的那些。

套接字:

套接字表示两个网络应用程序之间的单个连接。 这两个应用程序名义上运行在不同的计算机上， 但是套接字也可以用于单台计算机上的进程间通信。 应用程序可以创建多个套接字用于相互通信。 套接字是双向的，这意味着连接的任何一方都能够发送和接收数据。

套接字允许在单个应用程序中两个应用程序之间进行通信 机器还是两台机器。实际上它就像门。如果门开了，就可以 是门内进程或应用程序之间的连接 在门外。

套接字有4种类型:

流套接字 数据报套接字 原始套接字 顺序数据包套接字。

套接字主要用于客户机-服务器应用程序。端口标识网络地址上的不同端点。它包含一个数值。总的来说，套接字是端口和网络地址的组合。

它们是来自两个不同领域的术语:“端口”是TCP/IP网络的概念，“套接字”是API(编程)的东西。“套接字”是通过将端口和主机名或网络适配器组合成一个数据结构(可以用来发送或接收数据)而形成的(在代码中)。

这个问题已经有了理论上的答案。我想举一个实际的例子来解释这个问题，让大家对Socket和Port有一个更清晰的理解。

我在这里找到的

This example will walk you thru the process of connecting to a website, such as Wiley. You would open your web browser (like Mozilla Firefox) and type www.wiley.com into the address bar. Your web browser uses a Domain Name System (DNS) server to look up the name www.wiley.com to identify its IP address is. For this example, the address is 192.0.2.100. Firefox makes a connection to the 192.0.2.100 address and to the port where the application layer web server is operating. Firefox knows what port to expect because it is a well-known port . The well-known port for a web server is TCP port 80. The destination socket that Firefox attempts to connect is written as socket:port, or in this example, 192.0.2.100:80. This is the server side of the connect, but the server needs to know where to send the web page you want to view in Mozilla Firefox, so you have a socket for the client side of the connection also. The client side connection is made up of your IP address, such as 192.168.1.25, and a randomly chosen dynamic port number. The socket associated with Firefox looks like 192.168.1.25:49175. Because web servers operate on TCP port 80, both of these sockets are TCP sockets, whereas if you were connecting to a server operating on a UDP port, both the server and client sockets would be UDP sockets.