It's also worth noting that nowadays, there's less good reason to check for explicit orientation with getResources().getConfiguration().orientation if you're doing so for layout reasons, as Multi-Window Support introduced in Android 7 / API 24+ could mess with your layouts quite a bit in either orientation. Better to consider using <ConstraintLayout>, and alternative layouts dependent on available width or height, along with other tricks for determining which layout is being used, e.g. the presence or not of certain Fragments being attached to your Activity.

下面是hackbod和Martijn推荐的如何获得屏幕方向的代码片段演示:

改变时触发

@Override
public void onConfigurationChanged(Configuration newConfig) {
    super.onConfigurationChanged(newConfig);
        int nCurrentOrientation = _getScreenOrientation();
    _doSomeThingWhenChangeOrientation(nCurrentOrientation);
}

将当前方向设置为hackbod

private int _getScreenOrientation(){    
    return getResources().getConfiguration().orientation;
}

还有其他方法可以获得当前屏幕方向，参照Martijn方案:

private int _getScreenOrientation(){
        Display display = ((WindowManager) getSystemService(WINDOW_SERVICE)).getDefaultDisplay();
        return display.getOrientation();
}

★注意: 我试过这两种实现，但在RealDevice (NexusOne SDK 2.3) Orientation上，它返回了错误的方向。

★所以我推荐使用解决方案来获得屏幕定位，有更多的优势:清楚，简单，工作就像一个魅力。

★仔细检查方向回归，以确保符合我们的预期(可能有限制取决于物理设备规格)

希望能有所帮助，

指定手机当前方向的完整方法:

public String getRotation(Context context) {
    final int rotation = ((WindowManager) context.getSystemService(Context.WINDOW_SERVICE)).getDefaultDisplay().getOrientation();
    switch (rotation) {
        case Surface.ROTATION_0:
            return "portrait";
        case Surface.ROTATION_90:
            return "landscape";
        case Surface.ROTATION_180:
            return "reverse portrait";
        default:
            return "reverse landscape";
    }
}

当前配置，用于确定检索哪些资源，可以从resources的configuration对象中获得:

getResources().getConfiguration().orientation;

你可以通过查看它的值来检查方向:

int orientation = getResources().getConfiguration().orientation;
if (orientation == Configuration.ORIENTATION_LANDSCAPE) {
    // In landscape
} else {
    // In portrait
}

更多信息可以在Android开发者中找到。

大多数答案已经发布了一段时间，其中一些使用了现在已弃用的方法和常量。

我已经更新了Jarek的代码，不再使用这些方法和常量:

protected int getScreenOrientation()
{
    Display getOrient = getWindowManager().getDefaultDisplay();
    Point size = new Point();

    getOrient.getSize(size);

    int orientation;
    if (size.x < size.y)
    {
        orientation = Configuration.ORIENTATION_PORTRAIT;
    }
    else
    {
        orientation = Configuration.ORIENTATION_LANDSCAPE;
    }
    return orientation;
}

注意配置模式。不再支持ORIENTATION_SQUARE。

与建议使用getResources().getConfiguration().orientation的方法相比，我发现这个方法在我测试过的所有设备上都是可靠的

Android SDK可以很好地告诉你:

getResources().getConfiguration().orientation