2019年在API 28上测试，无论用户是否设置了纵向方向，与另一个过时的答案相比，使用最少的代码，以下代码提供了正确的方向:

/** @return The {@link Configuration#ORIENTATION_SQUARE}, {@link Configuration#ORIENTATION_PORTRAIT}, {@link Configuration#ORIENTATION_LANDSCAPE} constants based on the current phone screen pixel relations. */
private int getScreenOrientation()
{
    DisplayMetrics dm = context.getResources().getDisplayMetrics(); // Screen rotation effected

    if(dm.widthPixels == dm.heightPixels)
        return Configuration.ORIENTATION_SQUARE;
    else
        return dm.widthPixels < dm.heightPixels ? Configuration.ORIENTATION_PORTRAIT : Configuration.ORIENTATION_LANDSCAPE;
}

用这种方法，

    int orientation = getResources().getConfiguration().orientation;
    String Orintaion = "";
    switch (orientation)
    {
        case Configuration.ORIENTATION_UNDEFINED: Orintaion = "Undefined"; break;
        case Configuration.ORIENTATION_LANDSCAPE: Orintaion = "Landscrape"; break;
        case Configuration.ORIENTATION_PORTRAIT:  Orintaion = "Portrait"; break;
        default: Orintaion = "Square";break;
    }

在字符串中，你有方向

还有一种方法:

public int getOrientation()
{
    if(getResources().getDisplayMetrics().widthPixels>getResources().getDisplayMetrics().heightPixels)
    { 
        Toast t = Toast.makeText(this,"LANDSCAPE",Toast.LENGTH_SHORT);
        t.show();
        return 1;
    }
    else
    {
        Toast t = Toast.makeText(this,"PORTRAIT",Toast.LENGTH_SHORT);
        t.show();
        return 2;
    }       
}

只是简单的两行代码

if (getResources().getConfiguration().orientation == Configuration.ORIENTATION_LANDSCAPE) {
    // do something in landscape
} else {
    //do in potrait
}

It's also worth noting that nowadays, there's less good reason to check for explicit orientation with getResources().getConfiguration().orientation if you're doing so for layout reasons, as Multi-Window Support introduced in Android 7 / API 24+ could mess with your layouts quite a bit in either orientation. Better to consider using <ConstraintLayout>, and alternative layouts dependent on available width or height, along with other tricks for determining which layout is being used, e.g. the presence or not of certain Fragments being attached to your Activity.

使用getresource () .getConfiguration()。方向是正确的。

你只需要注意不同类型的景观，设备通常使用的景观和其他的。

还是不知道该怎么处理。