是否有一种更简单的方法来复制文件夹及其所有内容,而无需手动执行一系列的fs。readir, fs。readfile, fs。writefile递归?

我只是想知道我是否错过了一个函数,理想情况下是这样工作的:

fs.copy("/path/to/source/folder", "/path/to/destination/folder");

关于这个历史问题。注意fs。Cp和fs。cpSync可以递归复制文件夹,在Node v16+中可用


当前回答

看起来ncp和扳手都不再维护了。可能最好的选择是使用fs-extra

扳手的开发人员指导用户使用fs-extra,因为他已经弃用了他的库

copySync和moveSync都将复制和移动文件夹,即使他们有文件或子文件夹,你可以很容易地移动或复制文件使用它

const fse = require('fs-extra');

const srcDir = `path/to/file`;
const destDir = `path/to/destination/directory`;
                                 
// To copy a folder or file, select overwrite accordingly
try {
  fs.copySync(srcDir, destDir, { overwrite: true|false })
  console.log('success!')
} catch (err) {
  console.error(err)
}

OR

// To Move a folder or file, select overwrite accordingly
try {
  fs.moveSync(srcDir, destDir, { overwrite: true|false })
  console.log('success!')
} catch (err) {
  console.error(err)
}

其他回答

如果你在Linux上,性能不是问题,你可以使用child_process模块中的exec函数来执行一个Bash命令:

const { exec } = require('child_process');
exec('cp -r source dest', (error, stdout, stderr) => {...});

在某些情况下,我发现这个解决方案比下载整个模块甚至使用fs模块更简洁。

如果你想递归复制源目录的所有内容,那么你需要将递归选项传递为true,并尝试通过fs-extra记录catch以进行同步

因为fs-extra完全替代了fs,所以你不需要导入基本模块

const fs = require('fs-extra');
let sourceDir = '/tmp/src_dir';
let destDir = '/tmp/dest_dir';
try {
  fs.copySync(sourceDir, destDir, { recursive: true })
  console.log('success!')
} catch (err) {
  console.error(err)
}

是的,ncp很酷…

你可能想要/应该承诺它的功能,让它超级酷。当你这样做的时候,把它添加到一个工具文件中以重复使用它。

下面是一个工作版本,它是异步的,并使用承诺。


文件index.js

const {copyFolder} = require('./tools/');

return copyFolder(
    yourSourcePath,
    yourDestinationPath
)
.then(() => {
    console.log('-> Backup completed.')
}) .catch((err) => {
    console.log("-> [ERR] Could not copy the folder: ", err);
})

文件tools.js

const ncp = require("ncp");

/**
 * Promise Version of ncp.ncp()
 *
 * This function promisifies ncp.ncp().
 * We take the asynchronous function ncp.ncp() with
 * callback semantics and derive from it a new function with
 * promise semantics.
 */
ncp.ncpAsync = function (sourcePath, destinationPath) {
  return new Promise(function (resolve, reject) {
      try {
          ncp.ncp(sourcePath, destinationPath, function(err){
              if (err) reject(err); else resolve();
          });
      } catch (err) {
          reject(err);
      }
  });
};

/**
 * Utility function to copy folders asynchronously using
 * the Promise returned by ncp.ncp().
 */
const copyFolder = (sourcePath, destinationPath) => {
    return ncp.ncpAsync(sourcePath, destinationPath, function (err) {
        if (err) {
            return console.error(err);
        }
    });
}
module.exports.copyFolder = copyFolder;

我尝试了fs-extra和copy-dir来递归地复制文件夹。但我希望它能

正常工作(copy-dir抛出一个不合理的错误) 在过滤器中提供两个参数:filepath和filetype (fs-extra不告诉文件类型) 有从目录到子目录的检查和从目录到文件的检查吗

所以我自己写了:

// Node.js module for Node.js 8.6+
var path = require("path");
var fs = require("fs");

function copyDirSync(src, dest, options) {
  var srcPath = path.resolve(src);
  var destPath = path.resolve(dest);
  if(path.relative(srcPath, destPath).charAt(0) != ".")
    throw new Error("dest path must be out of src path");
  var settings = Object.assign(Object.create(copyDirSync.options), options);
  copyDirSync0(srcPath, destPath, settings);
  function copyDirSync0(srcPath, destPath, settings) {
    var files = fs.readdirSync(srcPath);
    if (!fs.existsSync(destPath)) {
      fs.mkdirSync(destPath);
    }else if(!fs.lstatSync(destPath).isDirectory()) {
      if(settings.overwrite)
        throw new Error(`Cannot overwrite non-directory '${destPath}' with directory '${srcPath}'.`);
      return;
    }
    files.forEach(function(filename) {
      var childSrcPath = path.join(srcPath, filename);
      var childDestPath = path.join(destPath, filename);
      var type = fs.lstatSync(childSrcPath).isDirectory() ? "directory" : "file";
      if(!settings.filter(childSrcPath, type))
        return;
      if (type == "directory") {
        copyDirSync0(childSrcPath, childDestPath, settings);
      } else {
        fs.copyFileSync(childSrcPath, childDestPath, settings.overwrite ? 0 : fs.constants.COPYFILE_EXCL);
        if(!settings.preserveFileDate)
          fs.futimesSync(childDestPath, Date.now(), Date.now());
      }
    });
  }
}
copyDirSync.options = {
  overwrite: true,
  preserveFileDate: true,
  filter: function(filepath, type) {
    return true;
  }
};

还有一个类似的函数mkdirs,它是mkdirp的替代:

function mkdirsSync(dest) {
  var destPath = path.resolve(dest);
  mkdirsSync0(destPath);
  function mkdirsSync0(destPath) {
    var parentPath = path.dirname(destPath);
    if(parentPath == destPath)
      throw new Error(`cannot mkdir ${destPath}, invalid root`);
    if (!fs.existsSync(destPath)) {
      mkdirsSync0(parentPath);
      fs.mkdirSync(destPath);
    }else if(!fs.lstatSync(destPath).isDirectory()) {
      throw new Error(`cannot mkdir ${destPath}, a file already exists there`);
    }
  }
}

这是我解决这个问题的方法,没有任何额外的模块。只使用内置的fs和path模块。

注意:这使用fs的读/写函数,所以它不复制任何元数据(创建时间等)。从Node.js 8.5开始,有一个copyFileSync函数可用,它调用操作系统复制函数,因此也复制元数据。我还没有测试它们,但它应该可以替换它们。(见https://nodejs.org/api/fs.html fs_fs_copyfilesync_src_dest_flags)

var fs = require('fs');
var path = require('path');

function copyFileSync( source, target ) {

    var targetFile = target;

    // If target is a directory, a new file with the same name will be created
    if ( fs.existsSync( target ) ) {
        if ( fs.lstatSync( target ).isDirectory() ) {
            targetFile = path.join( target, path.basename( source ) );
        }
    }

    fs.writeFileSync(targetFile, fs.readFileSync(source));
}

function copyFolderRecursiveSync( source, target ) {
    var files = [];

    // Check if folder needs to be created or integrated
    var targetFolder = path.join( target, path.basename( source ) );
    if ( !fs.existsSync( targetFolder ) ) {
        fs.mkdirSync( targetFolder );
    }

    // Copy
    if ( fs.lstatSync( source ).isDirectory() ) {
        files = fs.readdirSync( source );
        files.forEach( function ( file ) {
            var curSource = path.join( source, file );
            if ( fs.lstatSync( curSource ).isDirectory() ) {
                copyFolderRecursiveSync( curSource, targetFolder );
            } else {
                copyFileSync( curSource, targetFolder );
            }
        } );
    }
}