如何在特定范围内生成随机int值？
以下方法存在与整数溢出相关的错误：
randomNum = minimum + (int)(Math.random() * maximum);
// Bug: `randomNum` can be bigger than `maximum`.
Random rn = new Random();
int n = maximum - minimum + 1;
int i = rn.nextInt() % n;
randomNum = minimum + i;
// Bug: `randomNum` can be smaller than `minimum`.
当前回答
我的一个朋友今天在大学里问过我同样的问题（他的要求是生成一个介于1和-1之间的随机数）。所以我写了这个，到目前为止，它在我的测试中运行良好。理想情况下，有很多方法可以在给定范围内生成随机数。试试看：
功能：
private static float getRandomNumberBetween(float numberOne, float numberTwo) throws Exception{
if (numberOne == numberTwo){
throw new Exception("Both the numbers can not be equal");
}
float rand = (float) Math.random();
float highRange = Math.max(numberOne, numberTwo);
float lowRange = Math.min(numberOne, numberTwo);
float lowRand = (float) Math.floor(rand-1);
float highRand = (float) Math.ceil(rand+1);
float genRand = (highRange-lowRange)*((rand-lowRand)/(highRand-lowRand))+lowRange;
return genRand;
}
执行方式如下：
System.out.println( getRandomNumberBetween(1,-1));
其他回答
您可以使用以下代码段来解决问题：
Random r = new Random();
int myRandomNumber = 0;
myRandomNumber = r.nextInt(maxValue - minValue + 1) + minValue;
使用myRandomNumber（这将为您提供一个范围内的数字）。
您可以在Java 8中简洁地实现这一点：
Random random = new Random();
int max = 10;
int min = 5;
int totalNumber = 10;
IntStream stream = random.ints(totalNumber, min, max);
stream.forEach(System.out::println);
我已经创建了一个方法来获取给定范围内的唯一整数。
/*
* minNum is the minimum possible random number
* maxNum is the maximum possible random number
* numbersNeeded is the quantity of random number required
* the give method provides you with unique random number between min & max range
*/
public static Set<Integer> getUniqueRandomNumbers( int minNum , int maxNum ,int numbersNeeded ){
if(minNum >= maxNum)
throw new IllegalArgumentException("maxNum must be greater than minNum");
if(! (numbersNeeded > (maxNum - minNum + 1) ))
throw new IllegalArgumentException("numberNeeded must be greater then difference b/w (max- min +1)");
Random rng = new Random(); // Ideally just create one instance globally
// Note: use LinkedHashSet to maintain insertion order
Set<Integer> generated = new LinkedHashSet<Integer>();
while (generated.size() < numbersNeeded)
{
Integer next = rng.nextInt((maxNum - minNum) + 1) + minNum;
// As we're adding to a set, this will automatically do a containment check
generated.add(next);
}
return generated;
}
Random rng = new Random();
int min = 3;
int max = 11;
int upperBound = max - min + 1; // upper bound is exclusive, so +1
int num = min + rng.nextInt(upperBound);
System.out.println(num);
从Java7开始，您应该不再使用Random。对于大多数用途选择的随机数生成器现在ThreadLocalRandom。用于fork连接池和并行流，使用SplitableRandom。
乔舒亚·布洛赫。有效的Java。第三版。
从Java 8开始
对于fork-join池和并行流，请使用SplittableRandom，它通常更快，与Random相比具有更好的统计独立性和一致性财产。
要生成[0，1_000]范围内的随机整数：
int n = new SplittableRandom().nextInt(0, 1_001);
要生成[0，1_000]范围内的随机整数[100]数组，请执行以下操作：
int[] a = new SplittableRandom().ints(100, 0, 1_001).parallel().toArray();
要返回随机值流：
IntStream stream = new SplittableRandom().ints(100, 0, 1_001);
