更自然的方法是使用词典理解

keys = ('name', 'age', 'food')
values = ('Monty', 42, 'spam')    
dict = {keys[i]: values[i] for i in range(len(keys))}

可以通过以下方式完成。

keys = ['name', 'age', 'food']
values = ['Monty', 42, 'spam'] 

dict = {}

for i in range(len(keys)):
    dict[keys[i]] = values[i]
    
print(dict)

{'name': 'Monty', 'age': 42, 'food': 'spam'}

试试看：

>>> import itertools
>>> keys = ('name', 'age', 'food')
>>> values = ('Monty', 42, 'spam')
>>> adict = dict(itertools.izip(keys,values))
>>> adict
{'food': 'spam', 'age': 42, 'name': 'Monty'}

在Python2中，与zip相比，它的内存消耗也更经济。

用枚举法作为词典理解的解决方案：

dict = {item : values[index] for index, item in enumerate(keys)}

使用enumerate的循环的解决方案：

dict = {}
for index, item in enumerate(keys):
    dict[item] = values[index]

keys = ['name', 'age', 'food']
values = ['Monty', 42, 'spam']
dic = {}
c = 0
for i in keys:
    dic[i] = values[c]
    c += 1

print(dic)
{'name': 'Monty', 'age': 42, 'food': 'spam'}

所有答案总结如下：

l = [1, 5, 8, 9]
ll = [3, 7, 10, 11]

zip:

dict(zip(l,ll)) # {1: 3, 5: 7, 8: 10, 9: 11}

#if you want to play with key or value @recommended

{k:v*10 for k, v in zip(l, ll)} #{1: 30, 5: 70, 8: 100, 9: 110}

计数器：

d = {}
c=0
for k in l:
    d[k] = ll[c] #setting up keys from the second list values
    c += 1
print(d)
{1: 3, 5: 7, 8: 10, 9: 11}

枚举：

d = {}
for i,k in enumerate(l):
    d[k] = ll[i]
print(d)
{1: 3, 5: 7, 8: 10, 9: 11}