用枚举法作为词典理解的解决方案：

dict = {item : values[index] for index, item in enumerate(keys)}

使用enumerate的循环的解决方案：

dict = {}
for index, item in enumerate(keys):
    dict[item] = values[index]

您还可以在Python≥2.7中使用字典理解：

>>> keys = ('name', 'age', 'food')
>>> values = ('Monty', 42, 'spam')
>>> {k: v for k, v in zip(keys, values)}
{'food': 'spam', 'age': 42, 'name': 'Monty'}

2018-04-18

最佳解决方案仍然是：

In [92]: keys = ('name', 'age', 'food')
...: values = ('Monty', 42, 'spam')
...: 

In [93]: dt = dict(zip(keys, values))
In [94]: dt
Out[94]: {'age': 42, 'food': 'spam', 'name': 'Monty'}

转换它：

    lst = [('name', 'Monty'), ('age', 42), ('food', 'spam')]
    keys, values = zip(*lst)
    In [101]: keys
    Out[101]: ('name', 'age', 'food')
    In [102]: values
    Out[102]: ('Monty', 42, 'spam')

这里还有一个在字典中添加列表值的示例

list1 = ["Name", "Surname", "Age"]
list2 = [["Cyd", "JEDD", "JESS"], ["DEY", "AUDIJE", "PONGARON"], [21, 32, 47]]
dic = dict(zip(list1, list2))
print(dic)

始终确保“Key”（列表1）始终位于第一个参数中。

{'Name': ['Cyd', 'JEDD', 'JESS'], 'Surname': ['DEY', 'AUDIJE', 'PONGARON'], 'Age': [21, 32, 47]}

这样地：

keys = ['a', 'b', 'c']
values = [1, 2, 3]
dictionary = dict(zip(keys, values))
print(dictionary) # {'a': 1, 'b': 2, 'c': 3}

Voila:-）成对dict构造函数和zip函数非常有用。

所有答案总结如下：

l = [1, 5, 8, 9]
ll = [3, 7, 10, 11]

zip:

dict(zip(l,ll)) # {1: 3, 5: 7, 8: 10, 9: 11}

#if you want to play with key or value @recommended

{k:v*10 for k, v in zip(l, ll)} #{1: 30, 5: 70, 8: 100, 9: 110}

计数器：

d = {}
c=0
for k in l:
    d[k] = ll[c] #setting up keys from the second list values
    c += 1
print(d)
{1: 3, 5: 7, 8: 10, 9: 11}

枚举：

d = {}
for i,k in enumerate(l):
    d[k] = ll[i]
print(d)
{1: 3, 5: 7, 8: 10, 9: 11}