我一直在使用ES6 Promise。

通常,Promise是这样构造和使用的

new Promise(function(resolve, reject){
    if (someCondition){
        resolve();
    } else {
        reject();
    } 
});

但我一直在做下面这样的事情,为了灵活起见,把决心放在外面。

var outsideResolve;
var outsideReject;
new Promise(function(resolve, reject) { 
    outsideResolve = resolve; 
    outsideReject = reject; 
});

后来

onClick = function(){
    outsideResolve();
}

这很好,但是否有更简单的方法来做到这一点?如果不是,这是一个好的实践吗?


当前回答

我为此写了一个小库。https://www.npmjs.com/package/@inf3rno/promise.exposed

我使用了别人写的工厂方法,但是我也重写了then, catch, finally方法,所以你也可以通过这些方法解决原来的承诺。

在没有外部执行人的情况下解决承诺:

const promise = Promise.exposed().then(console.log);
promise.resolve("This should show up in the console.");

从外部与执行器的setTimeout赛跑:

const promise = Promise.exposed(function (resolve, reject){
    setTimeout(function (){
        resolve("I almost fell asleep.")
    }, 100000);
}).then(console.log);

setTimeout(function (){
    promise.resolve("I don't want to wait that much.");
}, 100);

如果你不想污染全局命名空间,有一个无冲突模式:

const createExposedPromise = require("@inf3rno/promise.exposed/noConflict");
const promise = createExposedPromise().then(console.log);
promise.resolve("This should show up in the console.");

其他回答

我为此写了一个小库。https://www.npmjs.com/package/@inf3rno/promise.exposed

我使用了别人写的工厂方法,但是我也重写了then, catch, finally方法,所以你也可以通过这些方法解决原来的承诺。

在没有外部执行人的情况下解决承诺:

const promise = Promise.exposed().then(console.log);
promise.resolve("This should show up in the console.");

从外部与执行器的setTimeout赛跑:

const promise = Promise.exposed(function (resolve, reject){
    setTimeout(function (){
        resolve("I almost fell asleep.")
    }, 100000);
}).then(console.log);

setTimeout(function (){
    promise.resolve("I don't want to wait that much.");
}, 100);

如果你不想污染全局命名空间,有一个无冲突模式:

const createExposedPromise = require("@inf3rno/promise.exposed/noConflict");
const promise = createExposedPromise().then(console.log);
promise.resolve("This should show up in the console.");

有点晚了,但另一种方法是使用Deferred对象。你基本上有相同数量的样板文件,但是如果你想要传递它们并且可能在它们的定义之外解析,这很方便。

天真的实现:

class Deferred {
  constructor() {
    this.promise = new Promise((resolve, reject)=> {
      this.reject = reject
      this.resolve = resolve
    })
  }
}

function asyncAction() {
  var dfd = new Deferred()

  setTimeout(()=> {
    dfd.resolve(42)
  }, 500)

  return dfd.promise
}

asyncAction().then(result => {
  console.log(result) // 42
})

ES5版本:

function Deferred() {
  var self = this;
  this.promise = new Promise(function(resolve, reject) {
    self.reject = reject
    self.resolve = resolve
  })
}

function asyncAction() {
  var dfd = new Deferred()

  setTimeout(function() {
    dfd.resolve(42)
  }, 500)

  return dfd.promise
}

asyncAction().then(function(result) {
  console.log(result) // 42
})

我已经整理了一个完成这项工作的要点:https://gist.github.com/thiagoh/c24310b562d50a14f3e7602a82b4ef13

以下是你应该如何使用它:

import ExternalizedPromiseCreator from '../externalized-promise';

describe('ExternalizedPromise', () => {
  let fn: jest.Mock;
  let deferredFn: jest.Mock;
  let neverCalledFn: jest.Mock;
  beforeEach(() => {
    fn = jest.fn();
    deferredFn = jest.fn();
    neverCalledFn = jest.fn();
  });

  it('resolve should resolve the promise', done => {
    const externalizedPromise = ExternalizedPromiseCreator.create(() => fn());

    externalizedPromise
      .promise
      .then(() => deferredFn())
      .catch(() => neverCalledFn())
      .then(() => {
        expect(deferredFn).toHaveBeenCalled();
        expect(neverCalledFn).not.toHaveBeenCalled();
        done();
      });

    expect(fn).toHaveBeenCalled();
    expect(neverCalledFn).not.toHaveBeenCalled();
    expect(deferredFn).not.toHaveBeenCalled();

    externalizedPromise.resolve();
  });
  ...
});

只是另一种从外部解决承诺的方法

 class Lock {
        #lock;  // Promise to be resolved (on  release)
        release;  // Release lock
        id;  // Id of lock
        constructor(id) {
            this.id = id
            this.#lock = new Promise((resolve) => {
                this.release = () => {
                    if (resolve) {
                        resolve()
                    } else {
                        Promise.resolve()
                    }
                }
            })
        }
        get() { return this.#lock }
    }

使用

let lock = new Lock(... some id ...);
...
lock.get().then(()=>{console.log('resolved/released')})
lock.release()  // Excpected 'resolved/released'

我发现自己在某些情况下也忽略了Deferred模式。你总是可以在ES6的顶部创建一个:

export default class Deferred<T> {
    private _resolve: (value: T) => void = () => {};
    private _reject: (value: T) => void = () => {};

    private _promise: Promise<T> = new Promise<T>((resolve, reject) => {
        this._reject = reject;
        this._resolve = resolve;
    })

    public get promise(): Promise<T> {
        return this._promise;
    }

    public resolve(value: T) {
        this._resolve(value);
    }

    public reject(value: T) {
        this._reject(value);
    }
}