我有一个很长的疑问。我想用Python将它分成几行。在JavaScript中实现这一点的一种方法是使用几个句子并用+运算符将它们连接起来(我知道,也许这不是最有效的方法,但我并不真正关心这个阶段的性能,只是代码的可读性)。例子:

var long_string = 'some text not important. just garbage to' +
                      'illustrate my example';

我尝试在Python中做类似的事情,但没有成功,所以我使用了\来拆分长字符串。然而,我不确定这是否是唯一/最好/最蟒蛇的做法。看起来很尴尬。实际代码:

query = 'SELECT action.descr as "action", '\
    'role.id as role_id,'\
    'role.descr as role'\
    'FROM '\
    'public.role_action_def,'\
    'public.role,'\
    'public.record_def, '\
    'public.action'\
    'WHERE role.id = role_action_def.role_id AND'\
    'record_def.id = role_action_def.def_id AND'\
    'action.id = role_action_def.action_id AND'\
    'role_action_def.account_id = ' + account_id + ' AND'\
    'record_def.account_id=' + account_id + ' AND'\
    'def_id=' + def_id

当前回答

您还可以将SQL语句放置在单独的文件action.SQL中,并使用以下命令将其加载到.py文件中:

with open('action.sql') as f:
   query = f.read()

因此,SQL语句将与Python代码分离。如果SQL语句中有需要从Python填充的参数,则可以使用字符串格式(如%s或{field})。

其他回答

为了在字典内定义长字符串,保留换行符但省略空格,我最终以如下常量定义字符串:

LONG_STRING = \
"""
This is a long sting
that contains newlines.
The newlines are important.
"""

my_dict = {
   'foo': 'bar',
   'string': LONG_STRING
}

您还可以将SQL语句放置在单独的文件action.SQL中,并使用以下命令将其加载到.py文件中:

with open('action.sql') as f:
   query = f.read()

因此,SQL语句将与Python代码分离。如果SQL语句中有需要从Python填充的参数,则可以使用字符串格式(如%s或{field})。

我认为当代码(例如,变量)缩进并且输出字符串应该是单行(没有换行)时,另一个选项更可读:

def some_method():

    long_string = """
A presumptuous long string
which looks a bit nicer
in a text editor when
written over multiple lines
""".strip('\n').replace('\n', ' ')

    return long_string

我使用递归函数来构建复杂的SQL查询。此技术通常可用于构建大型字符串,同时保持代码可读性。

# Utility function to recursively resolve SQL statements.
# CAUTION: Use this function carefully, Pass correct SQL parameters {},
# TODO: This should never happen but check for infinite loops
def resolveSQL(sql_seed, sqlparams):
    sql = sql_seed % (sqlparams)
    if sql == sql_seed:
        return ' '.join([x.strip() for x in sql.split()])
    else:
        return resolveSQL(sql, sqlparams)

P.S.:看看很棒的python-sqlparse库,如果需要,可以打印SQL查询。

用\换行对我很有用。下面是一个例子:

longStr = "This is a very long string " \
        "that I wrote to help somebody " \
        "who had a question about " \
        "writing long strings in Python"