我有一个很长的疑问。我想用Python将它分成几行。在JavaScript中实现这一点的一种方法是使用几个句子并用+运算符将它们连接起来(我知道,也许这不是最有效的方法,但我并不真正关心这个阶段的性能,只是代码的可读性)。例子:
var long_string = 'some text not important. just garbage to' +
'illustrate my example';
我尝试在Python中做类似的事情,但没有成功,所以我使用了\来拆分长字符串。然而,我不确定这是否是唯一/最好/最蟒蛇的做法。看起来很尴尬。实际代码:
query = 'SELECT action.descr as "action", '\
'role.id as role_id,'\
'role.descr as role'\
'FROM '\
'public.role_action_def,'\
'public.role,'\
'public.record_def, '\
'public.action'\
'WHERE role.id = role_action_def.role_id AND'\
'record_def.id = role_action_def.def_id AND'\
'action.id = role_action_def.action_id AND'\
'role_action_def.account_id = ' + account_id + ' AND'\
'record_def.account_id=' + account_id + ' AND'\
'def_id=' + def_id
添加@Levon的答案。。。。
1.创建如下多行字符串:
paragraph = """this is a very
long string if I had the
energy to type more and more ..."""
print(paragraph)
输出:
'this is a very\n long string if I had the\n energy to type more and more ...'
此字符串将包含换行符和空格。因此,请移除它们。
2.使用正则表达式删除多余的空格
paragraph = re.sub('\s+', ' ', paragraph)
print(paragraph)
输出:
'this is a very long string if I had the energy to type more and more ...'
如果不需要多行字符串,而只需要一个长的单行字符串,则可以使用括号。只需确保字符串段之间不包含逗号(那么它将是一个元组)。
query = ('SELECT action.descr as "action", '
'role.id as role_id,'
'role.descr as role'
' FROM '
'public.role_action_def,'
'public.role,'
'public.record_def, '
'public.action'
' WHERE role.id = role_action_def.role_id AND'
' record_def.id = role_action_def.def_id AND'
' action.id = role_action_def.action_id AND'
' role_action_def.account_id = '+account_id+' AND'
' record_def.account_id='+account_id+' AND'
' def_id='+def_id)
在您正在构建的SQL语句中,多行字符串也可以。但是,如果多行字符串包含的额外空白是一个问题,那么这将是一个实现您所需功能的好方法。
如注释中所述,以这种方式连接SQL查询是SQL注入安全风险,因此请使用数据库的参数化查询功能来防止这种情况发生。然而,我保留了答案,因为它直接回答了问题。
我使用递归函数来构建复杂的SQL查询。此技术通常可用于构建大型字符串,同时保持代码可读性。
# Utility function to recursively resolve SQL statements.
# CAUTION: Use this function carefully, Pass correct SQL parameters {},
# TODO: This should never happen but check for infinite loops
def resolveSQL(sql_seed, sqlparams):
sql = sql_seed % (sqlparams)
if sql == sql_seed:
return ' '.join([x.strip() for x in sql.split()])
else:
return resolveSQL(sql, sqlparams)
P.S.:看看很棒的python-sqlparse库,如果需要,可以打印SQL查询。
“la”Scala方式(但我认为这是OP要求的最具Python风格的方式):
description = """
| The intention of this module is to provide a method to
| pass meta information in markdown_ header files for
| using it in jinja_ templates.
|
| Also, to provide a method to use markdown files as jinja
| templates. Maybe you prefer to see the code than
| to install it.""".replace('\n | \n','\n').replace(' | ',' ')
如果您希望最后的str没有跳转行,只需将\n放在第二个替换的第一个参数的开头:
.replace('\n | ',' ')`.
注意:“…templates.”和“另外,…”之间的白线需要在|后面加一个空格。
在Python>=3.6中,可以使用格式化字符串文本(f字符串)
query= f'''SELECT action.descr as "action"
role.id as role_id,
role.descr as role
FROM
public.role_action_def,
public.role,
public.record_def,
public.action
WHERE role.id = role_action_def.role_id AND
record_def.id = role_action_def.def_id AND
action.id = role_action_def.action_id AND
role_action_def.account_id = {account_id} AND
record_def.account_id = {account_id} AND
def_id = {def_id}'''