我有一个很长的疑问。我想用Python将它分成几行。在JavaScript中实现这一点的一种方法是使用几个句子并用+运算符将它们连接起来(我知道,也许这不是最有效的方法,但我并不真正关心这个阶段的性能,只是代码的可读性)。例子:

var long_string = 'some text not important. just garbage to' +
                      'illustrate my example';

我尝试在Python中做类似的事情,但没有成功,所以我使用了\来拆分长字符串。然而,我不确定这是否是唯一/最好/最蟒蛇的做法。看起来很尴尬。实际代码:

query = 'SELECT action.descr as "action", '\
    'role.id as role_id,'\
    'role.descr as role'\
    'FROM '\
    'public.role_action_def,'\
    'public.role,'\
    'public.record_def, '\
    'public.action'\
    'WHERE role.id = role_action_def.role_id AND'\
    'record_def.id = role_action_def.def_id AND'\
    'action.id = role_action_def.action_id AND'\
    'role_action_def.account_id = ' + account_id + ' AND'\
    'record_def.account_id=' + account_id + ' AND'\
    'def_id=' + def_id

当前回答

从Python官方文档中:

字符串文本可以跨越多行。一种方法是使用三引号:“”“…”“”或“”“”…“”。行的结束是自动的包含在字符串中,但可以通过添加\在线路的末端。以下示例:

print("""\
Usage: thingy [OPTIONS]
     -h                        Display this usage message
     -H hostname               Hostname to connect to
""")

生成以下输出(注意,初始换行符不是包括在内):

其他回答

您还可以将SQL语句放置在单独的文件action.SQL中,并使用以下命令将其加载到.py文件中:

with open('action.sql') as f:
   query = f.read()

因此,SQL语句将与Python代码分离。如果SQL语句中有需要从Python填充的参数,则可以使用字符串格式(如%s或{field})。

用\换行对我很有用。下面是一个例子:

longStr = "This is a very long string " \
        "that I wrote to help somebody " \
        "who had a question about " \
        "writing long strings in Python"

“la”Scala方式(但我认为这是OP要求的最具Python风格的方式):

description = """
            | The intention of this module is to provide a method to
            | pass meta information in markdown_ header files for
            | using it in jinja_ templates.
            |
            | Also, to provide a method to use markdown files as jinja
            | templates. Maybe you prefer to see the code than
            | to install it.""".replace('\n            | \n','\n').replace('            | ',' ')

如果您希望最后的str没有跳转行,只需将\n放在第二个替换的第一个参数的开头:

.replace('\n            | ',' ')`.

注意:“…templates.”和“另外,…”之间的白线需要在|后面加一个空格。

使用“”符号时,还可以包含变量:

foo = '1234'

long_string = """fosdl a sdlfklaskdf as
as df ajsdfj asdfa sld
a sdf alsdfl alsdfl """ +  foo + """ aks
asdkfkasdk fak"""

更好的方法是使用命名参数和.format():

body = """
<html>
<head>
</head>
<body>
    <p>Lorem ipsum.</p>
    <dl>
        <dt>Asdf:</dt>     <dd><a href="{link}">{name}</a></dd>
    </dl>
    </body>
</html>
""".format(
    link='http://www.asdf.com',
    name='Asdf',
)

print(body)

例如:

sql = ("select field1, field2, field3, field4 "
       "from table "
       "where condition1={} "
       "and condition2={}").format(1, 2)

Output: 'select field1, field2, field3, field4 from table
         where condition1=1 and condition2=2'

如果条件的值应该是字符串,可以这样做:

sql = ("select field1, field2, field3, field4 "
       "from table "
       "where condition1='{0}' "
       "and condition2='{1}'").format('2016-10-12', '2017-10-12')

Output: "select field1, field2, field3, field4 from table where
         condition1='2016-10-12' and condition2='2017-10-12'"