我有一些测试数据,想为每个项目创建一个单元测试。我的第一个想法是这样做的:
import unittest
l = [["foo", "a", "a",], ["bar", "a", "b"], ["lee", "b", "b"]]
class TestSequence(unittest.TestCase):
def testsample(self):
for name, a,b in l:
print "test", name
self.assertEqual(a,b)
if __name__ == '__main__':
unittest.main()
这样做的缺点是它在一个测试中处理所有数据。我想在飞行中为每个项目生成一个测试。有什么建议吗?
我使用元类和装饰器来生成测试。您可以检查我的实现python_wrap_cases。这个库不需要任何测试框架。
你的例子:
import unittest
from python_wrap_cases import wrap_case
@wrap_case
class TestSequence(unittest.TestCase):
@wrap_case("foo", "a", "a")
@wrap_case("bar", "a", "b")
@wrap_case("lee", "b", "b")
def testsample(self, name, a, b):
print "test", name
self.assertEqual(a, b)
控制台输出:
testsample_u'bar'_u'a'_u'b' (tests.example.test_stackoverflow.TestSequence) ... test bar
FAIL
testsample_u'foo'_u'a'_u'a' (tests.example.test_stackoverflow.TestSequence) ... test foo
ok
testsample_u'lee'_u'b'_u'b' (tests.example.test_stackoverflow.TestSequence) ... test lee
ok
你也可以使用发电机。例如,这段代码用参数a__list和b__list生成所有可能的测试组合
import unittest
from python_wrap_cases import wrap_case
@wrap_case
class TestSequence(unittest.TestCase):
@wrap_case(a__list=["a", "b"], b__list=["a", "b"])
def testsample(self, a, b):
self.assertEqual(a, b)
控制台输出:
testsample_a(u'a')_b(u'a') (tests.example.test_stackoverflow.TestSequence) ... ok
testsample_a(u'a')_b(u'b') (tests.example.test_stackoverflow.TestSequence) ... FAIL
testsample_a(u'b')_b(u'a') (tests.example.test_stackoverflow.TestSequence) ... FAIL
testsample_a(u'b')_b(u'b') (tests.example.test_stackoverflow.TestSequence) ... ok
这可以使用元类优雅地解决:
import unittest
l = [["foo", "a", "a",], ["bar", "a", "b"], ["lee", "b", "b"]]
class TestSequenceMeta(type):
def __new__(mcs, name, bases, dict):
def gen_test(a, b):
def test(self):
self.assertEqual(a, b)
return test
for tname, a, b in l:
test_name = "test_%s" % tname
dict[test_name] = gen_test(a,b)
return type.__new__(mcs, name, bases, dict)
class TestSequence(unittest.TestCase):
__metaclass__ = TestSequenceMeta
if __name__ == '__main__':
unittest.main()
前几天我在查看radon的源代码时遇到了ParamUnittest (GitHub存储库中的使用示例)。它应该与扩展TestCase的其他框架一起工作(比如Nose)。
这里有一个例子:
import unittest
import paramunittest
@paramunittest.parametrized(
('1', '2'),
#(4, 3), <---- Uncomment to have a failing test
('2', '3'),
(('4', ), {'b': '5'}),
((), {'a': 5, 'b': 6}),
{'a': 5, 'b': 6},
)
class TestBar(TestCase):
def setParameters(self, a, b):
self.a = a
self.b = b
def testLess(self):
self.assertLess(self.a, self.b)
您可以使用TestSuite和自定义TestCase类。
import unittest
class CustomTest(unittest.TestCase):
def __init__(self, name, a, b):
super().__init__()
self.name = name
self.a = a
self.b = b
def runTest(self):
print("test", self.name)
self.assertEqual(self.a, self.b)
if __name__ == '__main__':
suite = unittest.TestSuite()
suite.addTest(CustomTest("Foo", 1337, 1337))
suite.addTest(CustomTest("Bar", 0xDEAD, 0xC0DE))
unittest.TextTestRunner().run(suite)
这个解决方案适用于Python 2和Python 3的unittest和nose:
#!/usr/bin/env python
import unittest
def make_function(description, a, b):
def ghost(self):
self.assertEqual(a, b, description)
print(description)
ghost.__name__ = 'test_{0}'.format(description)
return ghost
class TestsContainer(unittest.TestCase):
pass
testsmap = {
'foo': [1, 1],
'bar': [1, 2],
'baz': [5, 5]}
def generator():
for name, params in testsmap.iteritems():
test_func = make_function(name, params[0], params[1])
setattr(TestsContainer, 'test_{0}'.format(name), test_func)
generator()
if __name__ == '__main__':
unittest.main()
我发现这很适合我的目的,特别是当我需要生成在数据集合上执行稍微不同的过程的测试时。
import unittest
def rename(newName):
def renamingFunc(func):
func.__name__ == newName
return func
return renamingFunc
class TestGenerator(unittest.TestCase):
TEST_DATA = {}
@classmethod
def generateTests(cls):
for dataName, dataValue in TestGenerator.TEST_DATA:
for func in cls.getTests(dataName, dataValue):
setattr(cls, "test_{:s}_{:s}".format(func.__name__, dataName), func)
@classmethod
def getTests(cls):
raise(NotImplementedError("This must be implemented"))
class TestCluster(TestGenerator):
TEST_CASES = []
@staticmethod
def getTests(dataName, dataValue):
def makeTest(case):
@rename("{:s}".format(case["name"]))
def test(self):
# Do things with self, case, data
pass
return test
return [makeTest(c) for c in TestCluster.TEST_CASES]
TestCluster.generateTests()
TestGenerator类可以用来生成不同的测试用例集,比如TestCluster。
TestCluster可以被认为是TestGenerator接口的实现。