我有一些测试数据，想为每个项目创建一个单元测试。我的第一个想法是这样做的:
import unittest
l = [["foo", "a", "a",], ["bar", "a", "b"], ["lee", "b", "b"]]
class TestSequence(unittest.TestCase):
def testsample(self):
for name, a,b in l:
print "test", name
self.assertEqual(a,b)
if __name__ == '__main__':
unittest.main()
这样做的缺点是它在一个测试中处理所有数据。我想在飞行中为每个项目生成一个测试。有什么建议吗?
当前回答
import unittest
def generator(test_class, a, b):
def test(self):
self.assertEqual(a, b)
return test
def add_test_methods(test_class):
# The first element of list is variable "a", then variable "b", then name of test case that will be used as suffix.
test_list = [[2,3, 'one'], [5,5, 'two'], [0,0, 'three']]
for case in test_list:
test = generator(test_class, case[0], case[1])
setattr(test_class, "test_%s" % case[2], test)
class TestAuto(unittest.TestCase):
def setUp(self):
print 'Setup'
pass
def tearDown(self):
print 'TearDown'
pass
_add_test_methods(TestAuto) # It's better to start with underscore so it is not detected as a test itself
if __name__ == '__main__':
unittest.main(verbosity=1)
结果:
>>>
Setup
FTearDown
Setup
TearDown
.Setup
TearDown
.
======================================================================
FAIL: test_one (__main__.TestAuto)
----------------------------------------------------------------------
Traceback (most recent call last):
File "D:/inchowar/Desktop/PyTrash/test_auto_3.py", line 5, in test
self.assertEqual(a, b)
AssertionError: 2 != 3
----------------------------------------------------------------------
Ran 3 tests in 0.019s
FAILED (failures=1)
其他回答
元编程很有趣，但它也会碍事。这里的大多数解决方案都很难:
有选择地启动测试 指向给出测试名称的代码
所以，我的第一个建议是遵循简单/显式路径(适用于任何测试运行程序):
import unittest
class TestSequence(unittest.TestCase):
def _test_complex_property(self, a, b):
self.assertEqual(a,b)
def test_foo(self):
self._test_complex_property("a", "a")
def test_bar(self):
self._test_complex_property("a", "b")
def test_lee(self):
self._test_complex_property("b", "b")
if __name__ == '__main__':
unittest.main()
既然我们不应该重复，我的第二个建议建立在Javier的回答之上:接受基于属性的测试。假设库:
“在生成测试用例方面比我们人类更加无情地迂回” 会提供简单的计数例子吗 与任何测试运行程序一起工作 具有更多有趣的特性(统计数据、额外的测试输出……) 类TestSequence (unittest.TestCase): st.text @given (st.text () () Def test_complex_property(self, a, b): self.assertEqual (a, b)
为了测试您的特定示例，只需添加:
@example("a", "a")
@example("a", "b")
@example("b", "b")
为了只运行一个特定的示例，您可以注释掉其他示例(提供的示例将首先运行)。你可能想要使用@given(st.nothing())。另一种选择是将整个区块替换为:
@given(st.just("a"), st.just("b"))
好的，您没有不同的测试名称。但也许你只需要:
被测属性的描述性名称。 哪个输入会导致失败(伪造的例子)。
有趣的例子
load_tests是2.7中引入的一种鲜为人知的机制，用于动态创建TestSuite。有了它，您可以轻松地创建参数化测试。
例如:
import unittest
class GeneralTestCase(unittest.TestCase):
def __init__(self, methodName, param1=None, param2=None):
super(GeneralTestCase, self).__init__(methodName)
self.param1 = param1
self.param2 = param2
def runTest(self):
pass # Test that depends on param 1 and 2.
def load_tests(loader, tests, pattern):
test_cases = unittest.TestSuite()
for p1, p2 in [(1, 2), (3, 4)]:
test_cases.addTest(GeneralTestCase('runTest', p1, p2))
return test_cases
该代码将运行load_tests返回的测试套件中的所有测试用例。发现机制不会自动运行其他测试。
或者，您也可以使用此票据所示的继承:http://bugs.python.org/msg151444
从Python 3.4开始，已经为此目的向unittest引入了子测试。详细信息请参见文档。TestCase。subTest是一个上下文管理器，它允许在测试中隔离断言，以便用参数信息报告失败，但它不会停止测试执行。下面是文档中的例子:
class NumbersTest(unittest.TestCase):
def test_even(self):
"""
Test that numbers between 0 and 5 are all even.
"""
for i in range(0, 6):
with self.subTest(i=i):
self.assertEqual(i % 2, 0)
测试运行的输出是:
======================================================================
FAIL: test_even (__main__.NumbersTest) (i=1)
----------------------------------------------------------------------
Traceback (most recent call last):
File "subtests.py", line 32, in test_even
self.assertEqual(i % 2, 0)
AssertionError: 1 != 0
======================================================================
FAIL: test_even (__main__.NumbersTest) (i=3)
----------------------------------------------------------------------
Traceback (most recent call last):
File "subtests.py", line 32, in test_even
self.assertEqual(i % 2, 0)
AssertionError: 1 != 0
======================================================================
FAIL: test_even (__main__.NumbersTest) (i=5)
----------------------------------------------------------------------
Traceback (most recent call last):
File "subtests.py", line 32, in test_even
self.assertEqual(i % 2, 0)
AssertionError: 1 != 0
这也是unittest2的一部分，因此可用于早期版本的Python。
这个解决方案适用于Python 2和Python 3的unittest和nose:
#!/usr/bin/env python
import unittest
def make_function(description, a, b):
def ghost(self):
self.assertEqual(a, b, description)
print(description)
ghost.__name__ = 'test_{0}'.format(description)
return ghost
class TestsContainer(unittest.TestCase):
pass
testsmap = {
'foo': [1, 1],
'bar': [1, 2],
'baz': [5, 5]}
def generator():
for name, params in testsmap.iteritems():
test_func = make_function(name, params[0], params[1])
setattr(TestsContainer, 'test_{0}'.format(name), test_func)
generator()
if __name__ == '__main__':
unittest.main()
import unittest
def generator(test_class, a, b,c,d,name):
def test(self):
print('Testexecution=',name)
print('a=',a)
print('b=',b)
print('c=',c)
print('d=',d)
return test
def add_test_methods(test_class):
test_list = [[3,3,5,6, 'one'], [5,5,8,9, 'two'], [0,0,5,6, 'three'],[0,0,2,3,'Four']]
for case in test_list:
print('case=',case[0], case[1],case[2],case[3],case[4])
test = generator(test_class, case[0], case[1],case[2],case[3],case[4])
setattr(test_class, "test_%s" % case[4], test)
class TestAuto(unittest.TestCase):
def setUp(self):
print ('Setup')
pass
def tearDown(self):
print ('TearDown')
pass
add_test_methods(TestAuto)
if __name__ == '__main__':
unittest.main(verbosity=1)
