这绝对是主观的,但我想尽量避免它变成争论。我认为如果人们恰当地对待它,这将是一个有趣的问题。
这个问题的想法来自于我对“你最讨厌的语言的哪五件事?”问题的回答。我认为c#中的类在默认情况下应该是密封的——我不会把我的理由放在这个问题上,但我可能会写一个更完整的解释来回答这个问题。我对评论中的讨论热度感到惊讶(目前有25条评论)。
那么,你有什么有争议的观点?我宁愿避免那些基于相对较少的基础而导致相当宗教的事情(例如,大括号放置),但例如可能包括“单元测试实际上并没有多大帮助”或“公共字段确实是可以的”之类的事情。重要的是(至少对我来说)你的观点背后是有理由的。
请提出你的观点和理由——我鼓励人们投票给那些有充分论证和有趣的观点,不管你是否恰好同意这些观点。
开发团队应该更多地按照技术/架构层而不是业务功能来划分。
我来自一个开发者拥有“从网页到存储过程的一切”的普遍文化。因此,为了在系统/应用程序中实现一个功能,他们将准备数据库表模式,编写存储procs,匹配数据访问代码,实现业务逻辑和web服务方法,以及web页面接口。
And guess what? Everybody has their own way to doing things! Everyone struggles to learn the ASP.NET AJAX and Telerik or Infragistic suites, Enterprise Library or other productivity and data layer and persistence frameworks, Aspect-oriented frameworks, logging and caching application blocks, DB2 or Oracle percularities. And guess what? Everybody takes heck of a long time to learn how to do things the proper way! Meaning, lots of mistakes in the meantime and plenty of resulting defects and performance bottlenecks! And heck of a longer time to fix them! Across each and every layer! Everybody has a hand in every Visual Studio project. Nobody is specialised to handle and optmise one problem/technology domain. Too many chefs spoil the soup. All the chefs result in some radioactive goo.
Developers may have cross-layer/domain responsibilities, but they should not pretend that they can be masters of all disciplines, and should be limited to only a few. In my experience, when a project is not a small one and utilises lots of technologies, covering more business functions in a single layer is more productive (as well as encouraging more test code test that layer) than covering less business functions spanning the entire architectural stack (which motivates developers to test only via their UI and not test code).
生成文档良好的代码比生成文档不良的代码花费的时间更少
When I say well-documented I mean with comments that communicate your intention clearly at every step. Yes, typing comments takes some time. And yes, your coworkers should all be smart enough to figure out what you intended just by reading your descriptive function and variable names and spelunking their way through all your executable statements. But it takes more of their time to do it than if you had just explained your intentions, and clear documentation is especially helpful when the logic of the code turns out to be wrong. Not that your code would ever be wrong...
I firmly believe that if you time it from when you start a project to when you ship a defect-free product, writing well-documented code takes less time. For one thing, having to explain clearly what you're doing forces you to think it through clearly, and if you can't write a clear, concise explanation of what your code is accomplishing then it's probably not designed well. And for another purely selfish reason, well-documented and well-structured code is far easier to dump onto someone else to maintain - thus freeing the original author to go create the next big thing. I rarely if ever have to stop what I'm doing to explain how my code was meant to work because it's blatantly obvious to anyone who can read English (even if they can't read C/C++/C# etc.). And one more reason is, frankly, my memory just isn't that good! I can't recall what I had for breakfast yesterday, much less what I was thinking when I wrote code a month or a year ago. Perhaps your memory is far better than mine, but because I document my intentions I can quickly pick up wherever I left off and make changes without having to first figure out what I was thinking when I wrote it.
这就是为什么我能很好地编写文档——不是因为我觉得编写适合展示的漂亮代码是一种崇高的使命,也不是因为我是一个纯粹主义者,而只是因为端到端让我在更短的时间内发布高质量的软件。