有没有办法在Python中返回当前目录中所有子目录的列表?
我知道您可以对文件执行此操作,但我需要获得目录列表。
有没有办法在Python中返回当前目录中所有子目录的列表?
我知道您可以对文件执行此操作,但我需要获得目录列表。
当前回答
使用python-os-walk实现。(http://www.pythonforbeginners.com/code-snippets-source-code/python-os-walk/)
import os
print("root prints out directories only from what you specified")
print("dirs prints out sub-directories from root")
print("files prints out all files from root and directories")
print("*" * 20)
for root, dirs, files in os.walk("/var/log"):
print(root)
print(dirs)
print(files)
其他回答
Python 3.4在标准库中引入了pathlib模块,它提供了一种面向对象的方法来处理文件系统路径:
from pathlib import Path
p = Path('./')
# All subdirectories in the current directory, not recursive.
[f for f in p.iterdir() if f.is_dir()]
要递归地列出所有子目录,路径通配符可以与**模式一起使用。
# This will also include the current directory '.'
list(p.glob('**'))
请注意,一个*作为glob模式将非递归地包括文件和目录。为了只获取目录,可以在后面追加一个/,但这只在直接使用glob库时有效,而不是通过pathlib使用glob时:
import glob
# These three lines return both files and directories
list(p.glob('*'))
list(p.glob('*/'))
glob.glob('*')
# Whereas this returns only directories
glob.glob('*/')
因此Path('./').glob('**')匹配与glob相同的路径。一团(“* * /”,递归= True)。
Pathlib也可以通过PyPi上的pathlib2模块在Python 2.7中使用。
下面这个类将能够获得一个给定目录中的文件,文件夹和所有子文件夹的列表
import os
import json
class GetDirectoryList():
def __init__(self, path):
self.main_path = path
self.absolute_path = []
self.relative_path = []
def get_files_and_folders(self, resp, path):
all = os.listdir(path)
resp["files"] = []
for file_folder in all:
if file_folder != "." and file_folder != "..":
if os.path.isdir(path + "/" + file_folder):
resp[file_folder] = {}
self.get_files_and_folders(resp=resp[file_folder], path= path + "/" + file_folder)
else:
resp["files"].append(file_folder)
self.absolute_path.append(path.replace(self.main_path + "/", "") + "/" + file_folder)
self.relative_path.append(path + "/" + file_folder)
return resp, self.relative_path, self.absolute_path
@property
def get_all_files_folder(self):
self.resp = {self.main_path: {}}
all = self.get_files_and_folders(self.resp[self.main_path], self.main_path)
return all
if __name__ == '__main__':
mylib = GetDirectoryList(path="sample_folder")
file_list = mylib.get_all_files_folder
print (json.dumps(file_list))
而样本目录看起来像
sample_folder/
lib_a/
lib_c/
lib_e/
__init__.py
a.txt
__init__.py
b.txt
c.txt
lib_d/
__init__.py
__init__.py
d.txt
lib_b/
__init__.py
e.txt
__init__.py
结果
[
{
"files": [
"__init__.py"
],
"lib_b": {
"files": [
"__init__.py",
"e.txt"
]
},
"lib_a": {
"files": [
"__init__.py",
"d.txt"
],
"lib_c": {
"files": [
"__init__.py",
"c.txt",
"b.txt"
],
"lib_e": {
"files": [
"__init__.py",
"a.txt"
]
}
},
"lib_d": {
"files": [
"__init__.py"
]
}
}
},
[
"sample_folder/lib_b/__init__.py",
"sample_folder/lib_b/e.txt",
"sample_folder/__init__.py",
"sample_folder/lib_a/lib_c/lib_e/__init__.py",
"sample_folder/lib_a/lib_c/lib_e/a.txt",
"sample_folder/lib_a/lib_c/__init__.py",
"sample_folder/lib_a/lib_c/c.txt",
"sample_folder/lib_a/lib_c/b.txt",
"sample_folder/lib_a/lib_d/__init__.py",
"sample_folder/lib_a/__init__.py",
"sample_folder/lib_a/d.txt"
],
[
"lib_b/__init__.py",
"lib_b/e.txt",
"sample_folder/__init__.py",
"lib_a/lib_c/lib_e/__init__.py",
"lib_a/lib_c/lib_e/a.txt",
"lib_a/lib_c/__init__.py",
"lib_a/lib_c/c.txt",
"lib_a/lib_c/b.txt",
"lib_a/lib_d/__init__.py",
"lib_a/__init__.py",
"lib_a/d.txt"
]
]
import os
d = '.'
[os.path.join(d, o) for o in os.listdir(d)
if os.path.isdir(os.path.join(d,o))]
这是简单的递归解
import os
def fn(dir=r"C:\Users\aryan\Downloads\opendatakit"): # 1.Get file names from directory
file_list = os.listdir(dir)
res = []
# print(file_list)
for file in file_list:
if os.path.isfile(os.path.join(dir, file)):
res.append(file)
else:
result = fn(os.path.join(dir, file))
if result:
res.extend(fn(os.path.join(dir, file)))
return res
res = fn()
print(res)
print(len(res))
最简单的方法:
from pathlib import Path
from glob import glob
current_dir = Path.cwd()
all_sub_dir_paths = glob(str(current_dir) + '/*/') # returns list of sub directory paths
all_sub_dir_names = [Path(sub_dir).name for sub_dir in all_sub_dir_paths]