要让星期天1点到星期六7点，这是解决问题的最简单方法：

datetime.date.today().toordinal()%7 + 1

所有这些：

import datetime

today = datetime.date.today()
sunday = today - datetime.timedelta(today.weekday()+1)

for i in range(7):
    tmp_date = sunday + datetime.timedelta(i)
    print tmp_date.toordinal()%7 + 1, '==', tmp_date.strftime('%A')

输出：

1 == Sunday
2 == Monday
3 == Tuesday
4 == Wednesday
5 == Thursday
6 == Friday
7 == Saturday

一个简单、直接但尚未提及的选项：

import datetime
...
givenDateObj = datetime.date(2017, 10, 20)
weekday      = givenDateObj.isocalendar()[2] # 5
weeknumber   = givenDateObj.isocalendar()[1] # 42

这是我的python3实现。

months = {'jan' : 1, 'feb' : 4, 'mar' : 4, 'apr':0, 'may':2, 'jun':5, 'jul':6, 'aug':3, 'sep':6, 'oct':1, 'nov':4, 'dec':6}
dates = {'Sunday':1, 'Monday':2, 'Tuesday':3, 'Wednesday':4, 'Thursday':5, 'Friday':6, 'Saterday':0}
ranges = {'1800-1899':2, '1900-1999':0, '2000-2099':6, '2100-2199':4, '2200-2299':2}

def getValue(val, dic):
    if(len(val)==4):
        for k,v in dic.items():
            x,y=int(k.split('-')[0]),int(k.split('-')[1])
            val = int(val)
            if(val>=x and val<=y):
                return v
    else:
        return dic[val]

def getDate(val):
    return (list(dates.keys())[list(dates.values()).index(val)]) 



def main(myDate):
    dateArray = myDate.split('-')
    # print(dateArray)
    date,month,year = dateArray[2],dateArray[1],dateArray[0]
    # print(date,month,year)

    date = int(date)
    month_v = getValue(month, months)
    year_2 = int(year[2:])
    div = year_2//4
    year_v = getValue(year, ranges)
    sumAll = date+month_v+year_2+div+year_v
    val = (sumAll)%7
    str_date = getDate(val)

    print('{} is a {}.'.format(myDate, str_date))

if __name__ == "__main__":
    testDate = '2018-mar-4'
    main(testDate)

以下是如何将小端字符串日期列表转换为datetime：

import datetime, time
ls = ['31/1/2007', '14/2/2017']
for d in ls:    
    dt = datetime.datetime.strptime(d, "%d/%m/%Y")
    print(dt)
    print(dt.strftime("%A"))

使用以下代码：

import pandas as pd
from datetime import datetime
print(pd.DatetimeIndex(df['give_date']).day)

import datetime
int(datetime.datetime.today().strftime('%w'))+1

这应该会给你一个真实的数字-1=星期天，2=星期一，等等。。。