我想了解以下内容:给定一个日期(datetime对象),一周中对应的日期是什么?

例如,星期天是第一天,星期一是第二天。。等等

然后如果输入的内容类似于今天的日期。

实例

>>> today = datetime.datetime(2017, 10, 20)
>>> today.get_weekday()  # what I look for

产量可能是6(因为现在是星期五)


当前回答

在MATLAB中,高斯方法

day_name={'Sun','Mon','Tue','Wed','Thu','Fri','Sat'}
month_offset=[0 3 3 6 1 4 6 2 5 0 3 5];  % common year

% input date
y1=2022
m1=11
d1=22

% is y1 leap
if mod(y1,4)==0 && mod(y1,100)==0 && mod(y1,400)==0
    month_offset=[0 3 4 0 2 5 0 3 6 1 4 6];  % offset for leap year
end

% Gregorian calendar
weekday_gregor=rem( d1+month_offset(m1) + 5*rem(y1-1,4) +  4*rem(y1-1,100) + 6*rem(y1-1,400),7)

day_name{weekday_gregor+1}

0:星期日1:星期一。。6:星期六

其他回答

要让星期天1点到星期六7点,这是解决问题的最简单方法:

datetime.date.today().toordinal()%7 + 1

所有这些:

import datetime

today = datetime.date.today()
sunday = today - datetime.timedelta(today.weekday()+1)

for i in range(7):
    tmp_date = sunday + datetime.timedelta(i)
    print tmp_date.toordinal()%7 + 1, '==', tmp_date.strftime('%A')

输出:

1 == Sunday
2 == Monday
3 == Tuesday
4 == Wednesday
5 == Thursday
6 == Friday
7 == Saturday

如果您将日期作为字符串,那么使用panda的时间戳可能更容易

import pandas as pd
df = pd.Timestamp("2019-04-12")
print(df.dayofweek, df.weekday_name)

输出:

4 Friday

如果你想用英语约会:

from datetime import datetime
datetime.today().strftime('%A')
'Wednesday'

阅读更多信息:https://docs.python.org/3/library/datetime.html#strftime-结构时间行为

1700/1/1之后的日期不需要导入的解决方案

def weekDay(year, month, day):
    offset = [0, 31, 59, 90, 120, 151, 181, 212, 243, 273, 304, 334]
    week   = ['Sunday', 
              'Monday', 
              'Tuesday', 
              'Wednesday', 
              'Thursday',  
              'Friday', 
              'Saturday']
    afterFeb = 1
    if month > 2: afterFeb = 0
    aux = year - 1700 - afterFeb
    # dayOfWeek for 1700/1/1 = 5, Friday
    dayOfWeek  = 5
    # partial sum of days betweem current date and 1700/1/1
    dayOfWeek += (aux + afterFeb) * 365                  
    # leap year correction    
    dayOfWeek += aux / 4 - aux / 100 + (aux + 100) / 400     
    # sum monthly and day offsets
    dayOfWeek += offset[month - 1] + (day - 1)               
    dayOfWeek %= 7
    return dayOfWeek, week[dayOfWeek]

print weekDay(2013, 6, 15) == (6, 'Saturday')
print weekDay(1969, 7, 20) == (0, 'Sunday')
print weekDay(1945, 4, 30) == (1, 'Monday')
print weekDay(1900, 1, 1)  == (1, 'Monday')
print weekDay(1789, 7, 14) == (2, 'Tuesday')

datetime库有时会出现strptime()错误,所以我切换到dateutil库。下面是一个如何使用它的示例:

from dateutil import parser
parser.parse('January 11, 2010').strftime("%a")

您从中获得的输出是“Mon”。如果希望输出为“星期一”,请使用以下命令:

parser.parse('January 11, 2010').strftime("%A")

这对我很快奏效。我在使用日期时间库时遇到了问题,因为我想存储工作日名称而不是工作日编号,而使用日期时间的格式导致了问题。如果你对此没有问题,那太好了!如果你是这样的话,你可以明确地这样做,因为它的语法也更简单。希望这有帮助。