我需要一个简单的解决方案。我知道这和其他一些问题类似，比如:
固定标题和固定列的HTML表? 我如何锁定表的第一行和第一列时滚动，可能使用JavaScript和CSS?
但我只需要一个单独的左列被冻结，我更喜欢一个简单的和无脚本的解决方案。
当前回答
//If the table has tbody and thead, make them the relative container in which we can fix td and th as absolute
table tbody {
position: relative;
}
table thead {
position: relative;
}
//Make both the first header and first data cells (First column) absolute so that it sticks to the left
table td:first-of-type {
position: absolute;
}
table th:first-of-type {
position: absolute;
}
//Move Second column according to the width of column 1
table td:nth-of-type(2) {
padding-left: <Width of column 1>;
}
table th:nth-of-type(2) {
padding-left: <Width of column 1>;
}
其他回答
下面是对最流行答案的另一种修改，但在第一列标签中处理了可变长度的文本: http://jsfiddle.net/ozx56n41/
基本上，我用第二列来创建行高，就像前面提到的。但我的小提琴实际上不像上面提到的那样。
HTML:
<div id="outerdiv">
<div id="innerdiv">
<table>
<tr>
<td class="headcol"><div>This is a long label</div></td>
<td class="hiddenheadcol"><div>This is a long label</div></td>
<td class="long">QWERTYUIOPASDFGHJKLZXCVBNM</td>
<td class="long">QWERTYUIOPASDFGHJKLZXCVBNM</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td class="headcol"><div>Short label</div></td>
<td class="hiddenheadcol"><div>Short label</div></td>
<td class="long">QWERTYUIOPASDFGHJKLZXCVBNM</td>
<td class="long">QWERTYUIOPASDFGHJKLZXCVBNM</td>
</tr>
</table>
</div>
</div>
CSS:
body {
font: 16px Calibri;
}
#outerdiv {
position: absolute;
top: 0;
left: 0;
right: 0;
width: 100%;
border-top: 1px solid grey;
}
#innerdiv {
overflow-x: scroll;
margin-left: 100px;
overflow-y: visible;
padding-bottom: 1px;
}
table {
border-collapse:separate;
}
td {
margin: 0;
border: 1px solid grey;
border-top-width: 0;
border-left-width: 0px;
padding: 10px;
}
td.headcol {
/* Frozen 1st column */
position: absolute;
left: 0;
top: auto;
border-bottom-width: 1px;
padding: 0;
border-left-width: 1px;
}
td.hiddenheadcol {
/* Hidden 2nd column to create height */
max-width: 0;
visibility: hidden;
padding: 0;
}
td.headcol div {
/* Text container in the 1st column */
width: 100px;
max-width: 100px;
background: lightblue;
padding: 10px;
box-sizing: border-box;
}
td.hiddenheadcol div {
/* Text container in the 2nd column */
width: 100px;
max-width: 100px;
background: red;
padding: 10px;
}
td.long {
background:yellow;
letter-spacing:1em;
}
如果您想要一个只有列水平滚动的表，您可以定位:绝对第一列(并显式指定其宽度)，然后将整个表包装在一个overflow-x: scroll块中。但是，不要在IE7中尝试这个…
相关的HTML和CSS:
table { border-collapse: separate; border-spacing: 0; border-top: 1px solid grey; } td, th { margin: 0; border: 1px solid grey; white-space: nowrap; border-top-width: 0px; } div { width: 500px; overflow-x: scroll; margin-left: 5em; overflow-y: visible; padding: 0; } .headcol { position: absolute; width: 5em; left: 0; top: auto; border-top-width: 1px; /*only relevant for first row*/ margin-top: -1px; /*compensate for top border*/ } .headcol:before { content: 'Row '; } .long { background: yellow; letter-spacing: 1em; } <div> <table> <tr> <th class="headcol">1</th> <td class="long">QWERTYUIOPASDFGHJKLZXCVBNM</td> <td class="long">QWERTYUIOPASDFGHJKLZXCVBNM</td> </tr> <tr> <th class="headcol">2</th> <td class="long">QWERTYUIOPASDFGHJKLZXCVBNM</td> <td class="long">QWERTYUIOPASDFGHJKLZXCVBNM</td> </tr> <tr> <th class="headcol">3</th> <td class="long">QWERTYUIOPASDFGHJKLZXCVBNM</td> <td class="long">QWERTYUIOPASDFGHJKLZXCVBNM</td> </tr> <tr> <th class="headcol">4</th> <td class="long">QWERTYUIOPASDFGHJKLZXCVBNM</td> <td class="long">QWERTYUIOPASDFGHJKLZXCVBNM</td> </tr> <tr> <th class="headcol">5</th> <td class="long">QWERTYUIOPASDFGHJKLZXCVBNM</td> <td class="long">QWERTYUIOPASDFGHJKLZXCVBNM</td> </tr> <tr> <th class="headcol">6</th> <td class="long">QWERTYUIOPASDFGHJKLZXCVBNM</td> <td class="long">QWERTYUIOPASDFGHJKLZXCVBNM</td> </tr> </table> </div>
小提琴
在左列宽度固定的情况下，Eamon Nerbonne提供了最佳解决方案。
在可变宽度左列的情况下，我发现的最佳解决方案是制作两个相同的表，并将一个放在另一个上面。演示:http://jsfiddle.net/xG5QH/6/。
<!DOCTYPE html>
<html>
<head>
<style type="text/css">
/* important styles */
.container {
/* Attach fixed-th-table to this container,
in order to layout fixed-th-table
in the same way as scolled-td-table" */
position: relative;
/* Truncate fixed-th-table */
overflow: hidden;
}
.fixed-th-table-wrapper td,
.fixed-th-table-wrapper th,
.scrolled-td-table-wrapper td,
.scrolled-td-table-wrapper th {
/* Set background to non-transparent color
because two tables are one above another.
*/
background: white;
}
.fixed-th-table-wrapper {
/* Make table out of flow */
position: absolute;
}
.fixed-th-table-wrapper th {
/* Place fixed-th-table th-cells above
scrolled-td-table td-cells.
*/
position: relative;
z-index: 1;
}
.scrolled-td-table-wrapper td {
/* Place scrolled-td-table td-cells
above fixed-th-table.
*/
position: relative;
}
.scrolled-td-table-wrapper {
/* Make horizonal scrollbar if needed */
overflow-x: auto;
}
/* Simulating border-collapse: collapse,
because fixed-th-table borders
are below ".scrolling-td-wrapper table" borders
*/
table {
border-spacing: 0;
}
td, th {
border-style: solid;
border-color: black;
border-width: 1px 1px 0 0;
}
th:first-child {
border-left-width: 1px;
}
tr:last-child td,
tr:last-child th {
border-bottom-width: 1px;
}
/* Unimportant styles */
.container {
width: 250px;
}
td, th {
padding: 5px;
}
</style>
</head>
<body>
<div class="container">
<div class="fixed-th-table-wrapper">
<!-- fixed-th-table -->
<table>
<tr>
<th>aaaaaaa</th>
<td>ccccccccccc asdsad asd as</td>
<td>ccccccccccc asdsad asd as</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<th>cccccccc</th>
<td>xxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxx yyyyyyyyyyyyyy zzzzzzzzzzzzz</td>
<td>xxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxx yyyyyyyyyyyyyy zzzzzzzzzzzzz</td>
</tr>
</table>
</div>
<div class="scrolled-td-table-wrapper">
<!-- scrolled-td-table
- same as fixed-th-table -->
<table>
<tr>
<th>aaaaaaa</th>
<td>ccccccccccc asdsad asd as</td>
<td>ccccccccccc asdsad asd as</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<th>cccccccc</th>
<td>xxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxx yyyyyyyyyyyyyy zzzzzzzzzzzzz</td>
<td>xxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxx yyyyyyyyyyyyyy zzzzzzzzzzzzz</td>
</tr>
</table>
</div>
</div>
</body>
</html>
$(document).ready(function() { var table = $('#example').DataTable( { scrollY: "400px", scrollX: true, scrollCollapse: true, paging: true, fixedColumns: { leftColumns: 3 } } ); } ); <head> <title>table</title> <script src="https://ajax.googleapis.com/ajax/libs/jquery/3.3.1/jquery.min.js"></script> <link rel="stylesheet" href="https://cdn.datatables.net/1.10.16/css/jquery.dataTables.min.css"> <link rel="stylesheet" href="https://cdn.datatables.net/fixedcolumns/3.2.4/css/fixedColumns.dataTables.min.css"> <script type="text/javascript" src="http://cdn.datatables.net/1.10.2/js/jquery.dataTables.min.js"></script> <script type="text/javascript" src="https://code.jquery.com/jquery-1.12.4.js"></script> <script type="text/javascript" src="https://cdn.datatables.net/1.10.16/js/jquery.dataTables.min.js"></script> <script type="text/javascript" src="https://cdn.datatables.net/fixedcolumns/3.2.4/js/dataTables.fixedColumns.min.js"></script> <style> th, td { white-space: nowrap; } div.dataTables_wrapper { width: 900px; margin: 0 auto; } </style> </head> <table id="example" class="stripe row-border order-column" style="width:100%"> <thead> <tr> <th>First name</th> <th>Last name</th> <th>Position</th> <th>Office</th> <th>Age</th> <th>Start date</th> <th>Salary</th> <th>Extn.</th> <th>E-mail</th> </tr> </thead> <tbody> <tr> <td>Tiger</td> <td>Nixon</td> <td>System Architect</td> <td>Edinburgh</td> <td>61</td> <td>2011/04/25</td> <td>$320,800</td> <td>5421</td> <td>t.nixon@datatables.net</td> </tr> <tr> <td>Garrett</td> <td>Winters</td> <td>Accountant</td> <td>Tokyo</td> <td>63</td> <td>2011/07/25</td> <td>$170,750</td> <td>8422</td> <td>g.winters@datatables.net</td> </tr> <tr> <td>Ashton</td> <td>Cox</td> <td>Junior Technical Author</td> <td>San Francisco</td> <td>66</td> <td>2009/01/12</td> <td>$86,000</td> <td>1562</td> <td>a.cox@datatables.net</td> </tr> <tr> <td>Cedric</td> <td>Kelly</td> <td>Senior Javascript Developer</td> <td>Edinburgh</td> <td>22</td> <td>2012/03/29</td> <td>$433,060</td> <td>6224</td> <td>c.kelly@datatables.net</td> </tr> <tr> <td>Airi</td> <td>Satou</td> <td>Accountant</td> <td>Tokyo</td> <td>33</td> <td>2008/11/28</td> <td>$162,700</td> <td>5407</td> <td>a.satou@datatables.net</td> </tr> <tr> <td>Brielle</td> <td>Williamson</td> <td>Integration Specialist</td> <td>New York</td> <td>61</td> <td>2012/12/02</td> <td>$372,000</td> <td>4804</td> <td>b.williamson@datatables.net</td> </tr> <tr> <td>Herrod</td> <td>Chandler</td> <td>Sales Assistant</td> <td>San Francisco</td> <td>59</td> <td>2012/08/06</td> <td>$137,500</td> <td>9608</td> <td>h.chandler@datatables.net</td> </tr> <tr> <td>Rhona</td> <td>Davidson</td> <td>Integration Specialist</td> <td>Tokyo</td> <td>55</td> <td>2010/10/14</td> <td>$327,900</td> <td>6200</td> <td>r.davidson@datatables.net</td> </tr> <tr> <td>Colleen</td> <td>Hurst</td> <td>Javascript Developer</td> <td>San Francisco</td> <td>39</td> <td>2009/09/15</td> <td>$205,500</td> <td>2360</td> <td>c.hurst@datatables.net</td> </tr> <tr> <td>Sonya</td> <td>Frost</td> <td>Software Engineer</td> <td>Edinburgh</td> <td>23</td> <td>2008/12/13</td> <td>$103,600</td> <td>1667</td> <td>s.frost@datatables.net</td> </tr> <tr> <td>Jena</td> <td>Gaines</td> <td>Office Manager</td> <td>London</td> <td>30</td> <td>2008/12/19</td> <td>$90,560</td> <td>3814</td> <td>j.gaines@datatables.net</td> </tr> <tr> <td>Sakura</td> <td>Yamamoto</td> <td>Support Engineer</td> <td>Tokyo</td> <td>37</td> <td>2009/08/19</td> <td>$139,575</td> <td>9383</td> <td>s.yamamoto@datatables.net</td> </tr> <tr> <td>Thor</td> <td>Walton</td> <td>Developer</td> <td>New York</td> <td>61</td> <td>2013/08/11</td> <td>$98,540</td> <td>8327</td> <td>t.walton@datatables.net</td> </tr> <tr> <td>Finn</td> <td>Camacho</td> <td>Support Engineer</td> <td>San Francisco</td> <td>47</td> <td>2009/07/07</td> <td>$87,500</td> <td>2927</td> <td>f.camacho@datatables.net</td> </tr> <tr> <td>Serge</td> <td>Baldwin</td> <td>Data Coordinator</td> <td>Singapore</td> <td>64</td> <td>2012/04/09</td> <td>$138,575</td> <td>8352</td> <td>s.baldwin@datatables.net</td> </tr> <tr> <td>Zenaida</td> <td>Frank</td> <td>Software Engineer</td> <td>New York</td> <td>63</td> <td>2010/01/04</td> <td>$125,250</td> <td>7439</td> <td>z.frank@datatables.net</td> </tr> <tr> <td>Zorita</td> <td>Serrano</td> <td>Software Engineer</td> <td>San Francisco</td> <td>56</td> <td>2012/06/01</td> <td>$115,000</td> <td>4389</td> <td>z.serrano@datatables.net</td> </tr> <tr> <td>Jennifer</td> <td>Acosta</td> <td>Junior Javascript Developer</td> <td>Edinburgh</td> <td>43</td> <td>2013/02/01</td> <td>$75,650</td> <td>3431</td> <td>j.acosta@datatables.net</td> </tr> <tr> <td>Cara</td> <td>Stevens</td> <td>Sales Assistant</td> <td>New York</td> <td>46</td> <td>2011/12/06</td> <td>$145,600</td> <td>3990</td> <td>c.stevens@datatables.net</td> </tr> <tr> <td>Hermione</td> <td>Butler</td> <td>Regional Director</td> <td>London</td> <td>47</td> <td>2011/03/21</td> <td>$356,250</td> <td>1016</td> <td>h.butler@datatables.net</td> </tr> <tr> <td>Lael</td> <td>Greer</td> <td>Systems Administrator</td> <td>London</td> <td>21</td> <td>2009/02/27</td> <td>$103,500</td> <td>6733</td> <td>l.greer@datatables.net</td> </tr> <tr> <td>Jonas</td> <td>Alexander</td> <td>Developer</td> <td>San Francisco</td> <td>30</td> <td>2010/07/14</td> <td>$86,500</td> <td>8196</td> <td>j.alexander@datatables.net</td> </tr> <tr> <td>Shad</td> <td>Decker</td> <td>Regional Director</td> <td>Edinburgh</td> <td>51</td> <td>2008/11/13</td> <td>$183,000</td> <td>6373</td> <td>s.decker@datatables.net</td> </tr> <tr> <td>Michael</td> <td>Bruce</td> <td>Javascript Developer</td> <td>Singapore</td> <td>29</td> <td>2011/06/27</td> <td>$183,000</td> <td>5384</td> <td>m.bruce@datatables.net</td> </tr> <tr> <td>Donna</td> <td>Snider</td> <td>Customer Support</td> <td>New York</td> <td>27</td> <td>2011/01/25</td> <td>$112,000</td> <td>4226</td> <td>d.snider@datatables.net</td> </tr> </tbody> </table>
在数据表的帮助下，这很容易做到。对数据表不熟悉的人，请参考https://datatables.net/。它是一个插件，提供了很多功能。在给出的代码中，标题是固定的，前3列是固定的，其他几个特征也在那里。
我改进了断路器的例子，原来的例子代码将动摇固定列，因为表有填充，我使用边界崩溃:崩溃禁用它
<!DOCTYPE html>
<html lang="en">
<head>
<meta charset="utf-8">
<!--mobile friendly-->
<meta name="viewport" content="width=device-width, user-scalable=yes">
<style>
.view {
margin: auto;
width: 600px;
}
.wrapper {
position: relative;
overflow: auto;
border: 1px solid black;
white-space: nowrap;
}
.sticky-col {
position: -webkit-sticky;
position: sticky;
background-color: white;
}
.first-col {
padding: 0;
margin: 0;
left: 0;
}
.second-col {
left: 200px;
}
.col {
width: 200px;
min-width: 200px;
max-width: 200px;
}
</style>
</head>
<body>
<div class="view">
<div class="wrapper">
<table class="table" style="border-collapse: collapse;">
<colgroup>
<col class="col"/>
<col class="col"/>
<col class="col"/>
<col class="col"/>
</colgroup>
<thead>
<tr>
<th class="sticky-col first-col">Number</th>
<th class="sticky-col second-col">First Name</th>
<th>Last Name</th>
<th>Employer</th>
</tr>
</thead>
<tbody>
<tr>
<td class="sticky-col first-col">1</td>
<td class="sticky-col second-col">Mark</td>
<td>Ham</td>
<td>Micro</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td class="sticky-col first-col">2</td>
<td class="sticky-col second-col">Jacob</td>
<td>Smith</td>
<td>Adob Adob Adob AdobAdob Adob Adob Adob Adob</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td class="sticky-col first-col">3</td>
<td class="sticky-col second-col">Larry</td>
<td>Wen</td>
<td>Goog Goog Goog GoogGoog Goog Goog Goog Goog Goog</td>
</tr>
</tbody>
</table>
</div>
</div>
</body>
</html>
