我需要一个简单的解决方案。我知道这和其他一些问题类似，比如:
固定标题和固定列的HTML表? 我如何锁定表的第一行和第一列时滚动，可能使用JavaScript和CSS?
但我只需要一个单独的左列被冻结，我更喜欢一个简单的和无脚本的解决方案。
当前回答
在HTML5中，你可以使用CSS style.transform。 但是，我建议你“在页面之间滑动”关闭，如果你在Mac上实现。
查看样本codePen
let l = 0; let t = 0; const MouseWheelHandler = (e) => { // vertical scroll if (e.deltaX == -0) { // t = t - e.deltaY // horizonal scroll } else if (e.deltaY == -0) { l = l - e.deltaX if (l >= 0) { l = 0; document.getElementById("gantt_task").style.transform = "translateX(1px)" document.getElementById("gantt_task_header").style.transform = "translateX(1px)" return false } document.getElementById("gantt_task").style.transform = "translateX(" + l.toString() + "px)" document.getElementById("gantt_task_header").style.transform = "translateX(" + l.toString() + "px)" } return false; } window.addEventListener("wheel", MouseWheelHandler, false); .row { border-bottom: 1px solid #979A9A } #gantt_grid_header { height: 30px; width: 100px; position: fixed; z-index: 3; top: 0px; left: 0px; border: 1px solid #cecece; background-color: #F08080; } #gantt_task_header { height: 30px; width: 400px; position: fixed; z-index: 2; top: 0px; left: 100px; border: 1px solid #cecece; background-color: #FFC300; } #gantt_grid { width: 100px; height: 400px; position: absolute; left: 0px; top: 0px; z-index: 1; border: 1px solid #cecece; background-color: #DAF7A6; } #gantt_task { width: 400px; height: 400px; position: absolute; left: 100px; top: 0px; border: 1px solid #cecece; background-color: #FF5733; } <html> <div id="gantt_grid_header"> HEADER </div> <div id="gantt_grid"> <div class="row">V Scroll OK</div> <div class="row">V Scroll OK</div> <div class="row">V Scroll OK</div> <div class="row">V Scroll OK</div> <div class="row">V Scroll OK</div> <div class="row">V Scroll OK</div> <div class="row">V Scroll OK</div> <div class="row">V Scroll OK</div> <div class="row">V Scroll OK</div> </div> <div id="gantt_task_header"> DATA HEADER </div> <div id="gantt_task"> <div class="row">Vertical,Horizenal Scroll OK</div> <div class="row">Vertical,Horizenal Scroll OK</div> <div class="row">Vertical,Horizenal Scroll OK</div> <div class="row">Vertical,Horizenal Scroll OK</div> <div class="row">Vertical,Horizenal Scroll OK</div> <div class="row">Vertical,Horizenal Scroll OK</div> <div class="row">Vertical,Horizenal Scroll OK</div> <div class="row">Vertical,Horizenal Scroll OK</div> <div class="row">Vertical,Horizenal Scroll OK</div> </div> </html>
其他回答
如果您想要一个只有列水平滚动的表，您可以定位:绝对第一列(并显式指定其宽度)，然后将整个表包装在一个overflow-x: scroll块中。但是，不要在IE7中尝试这个…
相关的HTML和CSS:
table { border-collapse: separate; border-spacing: 0; border-top: 1px solid grey; } td, th { margin: 0; border: 1px solid grey; white-space: nowrap; border-top-width: 0px; } div { width: 500px; overflow-x: scroll; margin-left: 5em; overflow-y: visible; padding: 0; } .headcol { position: absolute; width: 5em; left: 0; top: auto; border-top-width: 1px; /*only relevant for first row*/ margin-top: -1px; /*compensate for top border*/ } .headcol:before { content: 'Row '; } .long { background: yellow; letter-spacing: 1em; } <div> <table> <tr> <th class="headcol">1</th> <td class="long">QWERTYUIOPASDFGHJKLZXCVBNM</td> <td class="long">QWERTYUIOPASDFGHJKLZXCVBNM</td> </tr> <tr> <th class="headcol">2</th> <td class="long">QWERTYUIOPASDFGHJKLZXCVBNM</td> <td class="long">QWERTYUIOPASDFGHJKLZXCVBNM</td> </tr> <tr> <th class="headcol">3</th> <td class="long">QWERTYUIOPASDFGHJKLZXCVBNM</td> <td class="long">QWERTYUIOPASDFGHJKLZXCVBNM</td> </tr> <tr> <th class="headcol">4</th> <td class="long">QWERTYUIOPASDFGHJKLZXCVBNM</td> <td class="long">QWERTYUIOPASDFGHJKLZXCVBNM</td> </tr> <tr> <th class="headcol">5</th> <td class="long">QWERTYUIOPASDFGHJKLZXCVBNM</td> <td class="long">QWERTYUIOPASDFGHJKLZXCVBNM</td> </tr> <tr> <th class="headcol">6</th> <td class="long">QWERTYUIOPASDFGHJKLZXCVBNM</td> <td class="long">QWERTYUIOPASDFGHJKLZXCVBNM</td> </tr> </table> </div>
小提琴
我没有检查这个问题的每个答案，但在分析了大部分答案后，我发现在单元格或头部的多行数据情况下，设计会失败。我使用Javascript来解决这个问题。我希望有人觉得这有帮助。
https://codepen.io/kushagrarora/pen/zeYaoY
var freezeTables = document.getElementsByClassName("freeze-pane"); [].forEach.call(freezeTables, ftable => { var wrapper = document.createElement("div"); wrapper.className = "freeze-pane-wrapper"; var scroll = document.createElement("div"); scroll.className = "freeze-pane-scroll"; wrapper.appendChild(scroll); ftable.parentNode.replaceChild(wrapper, ftable); scroll.appendChild(ftable); var heads = ftable.querySelectorAll("th:first-child"); let maxWidth = 0; [].forEach.call(heads, head => { var w = window .getComputedStyle(head) .getPropertyValue("width") .split("px")[0]; if (Number(w) > Number(maxWidth)) maxWidth = w; }); ftable.parentElement.style.marginLeft = maxWidth + "px"; ftable.parentElement.style.width = "calc(100% - " + maxWidth + "px)"; [].forEach.call(heads, head => { head.style.width = maxWidth + "px"; var restRowHeight = window .getComputedStyle(head.nextElementSibling) .getPropertyValue("height"); var headHeight = window.getComputedStyle(head).getPropertyValue("height"); if (headHeight > restRowHeight) head.nextElementSibling.style.height = headHeight; else head.style.height = restRowHeight; }); }); @import url("https://fonts.googleapis.com/css?family=Open+Sans"); * { font-family: "Open Sans", sans-serif; } .container { width: 400px; height: 90vh; border: 1px solid black; overflow: hidden; } table, th, td { border: 1px solid #eee; } .table { width: 100%; margin-bottom: 1rem; table-layout: fixed; border-collapse: collapse; } .freeze-pane-wrapper { position: relative; } .freeze-pane-scroll { overflow-x: scroll; overflow-y: visible; } .freeze-pane th:first-child { position: absolute; background-color: pink; left: 0; top: auto; max-width: 40%; } <div class="container"> <table class="freeze-pane"> <tbody> <tr> <th> <p>Model</p> </th> <th> <p>Mercedes Benz AMG C43 4dr</p> </th> <th> <p>Audi S4 Premium 4dr</p> </th> <th> <p>BMW 440i 4dr sedan</p> </th> </tr> <tr> <th> <p>Passenger capacity</p> </th> <td> <p>5</p> </td> <td> <p>5</p> </td> <td> <p>5</p> </td> </tr> <tr> <th> <p>Front (Head/Shoulder/Leg) (In.)</p> </th> <td> <p>37.1/55.3/41.7</p> </td> <td> <p>38.9/55.9/41.3</p> </td> <td> <p>39.9/54.8/42.2</p> </td> </tr> <tr> <th> <p>Second (Head/Shoulder/Leg) (In.)</p> </th> <td> <p>37.1/55.5/35.2</p> </td> <td> <p>37.4/54.5/35.7</p> </td> <td> <p>36.9/54.3/33.7</p> </td> </tr> </tbody> </table> </div>
注意:“container”div只是为了演示代码与mobile-view兼容。
或者，用预先确定的大小(例如，通过高度:20em)样式tbody，并使用overflow-y:scroll;
然后，您可以有一个巨大的tbody，它将独立于页面的其余部分滚动。
.div1 {
width: 600px;
height: 400px;
overflow: scroll;
border: 1px solid #777777;
}
.div1 table {
border-spacing: 0;
}
.div1 th {
border-left: none;
border-right: 1px solid #bbbbbb;
padding: 5px;
width: 80px;
min-width: 80px;
position: sticky;
top: 0;
background: #727272;
color: #e0e0e0;
font-weight: normal;
}
.div1 td {
border-left: none;
border-right: 1px solid #bbbbbb;
border-bottom: 1px solid #bbbbbb;
padding: 5px;
width: 80px;
min-width: 80px;
}
.div1 th:nth-child(1),
.div1 td:nth-child(1) {
position: sticky;
left: 0;
width: 150px;
min-width: 150px;
}
.div1 th:nth-child(2),
.div1 td:nth-child(2) {
position: sticky;
/* 1st cell left/right padding + 1st cell width + 1st cell left/right border width */
/* 0 + 5 + 150 + 5 + 1 */
left: 161px;
width: 50px;
min-width: 50px;
}
.div1 td:nth-child(1),
.div1 td:nth-child(2) {
background: #ffebb5;
}
.div1 th:nth-child(1),
.div1 th:nth-child(2) {
z-index: 2;
}
HTML,
<div class="div1">
<table>
<tr>
<th>Column 1</th>
<th>Column 2</th>
<th>Column 3</th>
<th>Column 4</th>
<th>Column 5</th>
<th>Column 6</th>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>Row Data 1</td>
<td>Row Data 2</td>
<td>Row Data 3</td>
<td>Row Data 4</td>
<td>Row Data 5</td>
<td>Row Data 6</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>Row Data 1</td>
<td>Row Data 2</td>
<td>Row Data 3</td>
<td>Row Data 4</td>
<td>Row Data 5</td>
<td>Row Data 6</td>
</tr>
</table>
</div>
Youtube视频演练:https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=_dpSEjaKqSE
例1:固定宽度和高度
https://adriancs.com/demo/freeze_table_column_row.html
示例2:响应宽度和高度(通过使用viewport进行调整)
https://adriancs.com/html-css-js/298/html-table-freeze-row-and-column-with-css/
完整的教程解释:
https://adriancs.com/demo/freeze_table_column_row_responsive_viewport.html
如果你在webdeveloper的地狱里，需要让它在IE6上工作，下面是我使用的示例代码:
<html>
<head>
<style type="text/css">
.fixme {
position: relative;
left: expression( ( 20 + ( ignoreMe2 = document.documentElement.scrollLeft ? document.documentElement.scrollLeft : document.body.scrollLeft ) ) + 'px' );
background-color: #FFFFFF;
}
</style>
</head>
<body>
<table width="1500px" border="2">
<tr>
<td class="fixme" style="width: 200px;">loremp ispum dolor sit amet loremp ispum dolor sit amet loremp ispum dolor sit amet loremp ispum dolor sit amet loremp ispum dolor sit amet loremp ispum dolor sit amet loremp ispum dolor sit amet loremp ispum dolor sit amet loremp ispum dolor sit amet loremp ispum dolor sit amet</td>
<td>loremp ispum dolor sit amet loremp ispum dolor sit amet loremp ispum dolor sit amet loremp ispum dolor sit amet </td>
<td>loremp ispum dolor sit amet loremp ispum dolor sit amet loremp ispum dolor sit amet loremp ispum dolor sit amet loremp ispum dolor sit amet loremp ispum dolor sit amet </td>
<td>loremp ispum dolor sit amet loremp ispum dolor sit amet loremp ispum dolor sit amet loremp ispum dolor sit amet </td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td class="fixme" style="width: 200px;">loremp ispum dolor sit amet loremp ispum dolor sit amet loremp ispum dolor sit amet loremp ispum dolor sit amet loremp ispum dolor sit amet loremp ispum dolor sit amet loremp ispum dolor sit amet loremp ispum dolor sit amet loremp ispum dolor sit amet loremp ispum dolor sit amet </td>
<td>loremp ispum dolor sit amet loremp ispum dolor sit amet loremp ispum dolor sit amet loremp ispum dolor sit amet </td>
<td>loremp ispum dolor sit amet loremp ispum dolor sit amet loremp ispum dolor sit amet loremp ispum dolor sit amet loremp ispum dolor sit amet loremp ispum dolor sit amet </td>
<td>loremp ispum dolor sit amet loremp ispum dolor sit amet loremp ispum dolor sit amet loremp ispum dolor sit amet </td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td class="fixme" style="width: 200px;">loremp ispum dolor sit amet loremp ispum dolor sit amet loremp ispum dolor sit amet loremp ispum dolor sit amet loremp ispum dolor sit amet loremp ispum dolor sit amet loremp ispum dolor sit amet loremp ispum dolor sit amet loremp ispum dolor sit amet loremp ispum dolor sit amet </td>
<td>loremp ispum dolor sit amet loremp ispum dolor sit amet loremp ispum dolor sit amet loremp ispum dolor sit amet </td>
<td>loremp ispum dolor sit amet loremp ispum dolor sit amet loremp ispum dolor sit amet loremp ispum dolor sit amet loremp ispum dolor sit amet loremp ispum dolor sit amet </td>
<td>loremp ispum dolor sit amet loremp ispum dolor sit amet loremp ispum dolor sit amet loremp ispum dolor sit amet </td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td class="fixme" style="width: 200px;">loremp ispum dolor sit amet loremp ispum dolor sit amet loremp ispum dolor sit amet loremp ispum dolor sit amet loremp ispum dolor sit amet loremp ispum dolor sit amet loremp ispum dolor sit amet loremp ispum dolor sit amet loremp ispum dolor sit amet loremp ispum dolor sit amet </td>
<td>loremp ispum dolor sit amet loremp ispum dolor sit amet loremp ispum dolor sit amet loremp ispum dolor sit amet </td>
<td>loremp ispum dolor sit amet loremp ispum dolor sit amet loremp ispum dolor sit amet loremp ispum dolor sit amet loremp ispum dolor sit amet loremp ispum dolor sit amet </td>
<td>loremp ispum dolor sit amet loremp ispum dolor sit amet loremp ispum dolor sit amet loremp ispum dolor sit amet </td>
</tr>
</table>
</body>
</html>
这可能只适用于IE6，所以在CSS中使用条件注释。
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