我需要一个简单的解决方案。我知道这和其他一些问题类似,比如:

固定标题和固定列的HTML表? 我如何锁定表的第一行和第一列时滚动,可能使用JavaScript和CSS?

但我只需要一个单独的左列被冻结,我更喜欢一个简单的和无脚本的解决方案。


当前回答

当我在我的mac上测试之前的所有答案时,Opera都有bug。 如果在表中滚动,经过第一个不固定的列后,固定的列就会消失。我继续编写下面的代码。它适用于我在本地安装的所有浏览器。我不知道ie是怎么处理的。

请记住,如果您打算跳过一个表中的行而不是另一个表中的行,或者更改行的高度,您可能需要调整这段代码。

<table class = "fixedColumns">
    <tr><td> row 1 </td></tr>
    <tr><td> row 2 </td></tr>
</table>
<table class = "scrollableTable">
    <tr><td> col 1 </td> <td> col 2 </td><td> col 3 </td><td> col 4 </td></tr>
    <tr><td> col 1 </td> <td> col 2 </td><td> col 3 </td><td> col 4 </td></tr>
</table>

<style type = "text/css" >
    .fixedColumns
    {
        vertical-align:top;
        display: inline-block;
    }
    .scrollableTable
    {
        display: inline-block;
        width:50px;
        white-space: nowrap;
        overflow-x: scroll;
    }
</style>

其他回答

$(document).ready(function() { var table = $('#example').DataTable( { scrollY: "400px", scrollX: true, scrollCollapse: true, paging: true, fixedColumns: { leftColumns: 3 } } ); } ); <head> <title>table</title> <script src="https://ajax.googleapis.com/ajax/libs/jquery/3.3.1/jquery.min.js"></script> <link rel="stylesheet" href="https://cdn.datatables.net/1.10.16/css/jquery.dataTables.min.css"> <link rel="stylesheet" href="https://cdn.datatables.net/fixedcolumns/3.2.4/css/fixedColumns.dataTables.min.css"> <script type="text/javascript" src="http://cdn.datatables.net/1.10.2/js/jquery.dataTables.min.js"></script> <script type="text/javascript" src="https://code.jquery.com/jquery-1.12.4.js"></script> <script type="text/javascript" src="https://cdn.datatables.net/1.10.16/js/jquery.dataTables.min.js"></script> <script type="text/javascript" src="https://cdn.datatables.net/fixedcolumns/3.2.4/js/dataTables.fixedColumns.min.js"></script> <style> th, td { white-space: nowrap; } div.dataTables_wrapper { width: 900px; margin: 0 auto; } </style> </head> <table id="example" class="stripe row-border order-column" style="width:100%"> <thead> <tr> <th>First name</th> <th>Last name</th> <th>Position</th> <th>Office</th> <th>Age</th> <th>Start date</th> <th>Salary</th> <th>Extn.</th> <th>E-mail</th> </tr> </thead> <tbody> <tr> <td>Tiger</td> <td>Nixon</td> <td>System Architect</td> <td>Edinburgh</td> <td>61</td> <td>2011/04/25</td> <td>$320,800</td> <td>5421</td> <td>t.nixon@datatables.net</td> </tr> <tr> <td>Garrett</td> <td>Winters</td> <td>Accountant</td> <td>Tokyo</td> <td>63</td> <td>2011/07/25</td> <td>$170,750</td> <td>8422</td> <td>g.winters@datatables.net</td> </tr> <tr> <td>Ashton</td> <td>Cox</td> <td>Junior Technical Author</td> <td>San Francisco</td> <td>66</td> <td>2009/01/12</td> <td>$86,000</td> <td>1562</td> <td>a.cox@datatables.net</td> </tr> <tr> <td>Cedric</td> <td>Kelly</td> <td>Senior Javascript Developer</td> <td>Edinburgh</td> <td>22</td> <td>2012/03/29</td> <td>$433,060</td> <td>6224</td> <td>c.kelly@datatables.net</td> </tr> <tr> <td>Airi</td> <td>Satou</td> <td>Accountant</td> <td>Tokyo</td> <td>33</td> <td>2008/11/28</td> <td>$162,700</td> <td>5407</td> <td>a.satou@datatables.net</td> </tr> <tr> <td>Brielle</td> <td>Williamson</td> <td>Integration Specialist</td> <td>New York</td> <td>61</td> <td>2012/12/02</td> <td>$372,000</td> <td>4804</td> <td>b.williamson@datatables.net</td> </tr> <tr> <td>Herrod</td> <td>Chandler</td> <td>Sales Assistant</td> <td>San Francisco</td> <td>59</td> <td>2012/08/06</td> <td>$137,500</td> <td>9608</td> <td>h.chandler@datatables.net</td> </tr> <tr> <td>Rhona</td> <td>Davidson</td> <td>Integration Specialist</td> <td>Tokyo</td> <td>55</td> <td>2010/10/14</td> <td>$327,900</td> <td>6200</td> <td>r.davidson@datatables.net</td> </tr> <tr> <td>Colleen</td> <td>Hurst</td> <td>Javascript Developer</td> <td>San Francisco</td> <td>39</td> <td>2009/09/15</td> <td>$205,500</td> <td>2360</td> <td>c.hurst@datatables.net</td> </tr> <tr> <td>Sonya</td> <td>Frost</td> <td>Software Engineer</td> <td>Edinburgh</td> <td>23</td> <td>2008/12/13</td> <td>$103,600</td> <td>1667</td> <td>s.frost@datatables.net</td> </tr> <tr> <td>Jena</td> <td>Gaines</td> <td>Office Manager</td> <td>London</td> <td>30</td> <td>2008/12/19</td> <td>$90,560</td> <td>3814</td> <td>j.gaines@datatables.net</td> </tr> <tr> <td>Sakura</td> <td>Yamamoto</td> <td>Support Engineer</td> <td>Tokyo</td> <td>37</td> <td>2009/08/19</td> <td>$139,575</td> <td>9383</td> <td>s.yamamoto@datatables.net</td> </tr> <tr> <td>Thor</td> <td>Walton</td> <td>Developer</td> <td>New York</td> <td>61</td> <td>2013/08/11</td> <td>$98,540</td> <td>8327</td> <td>t.walton@datatables.net</td> </tr> <tr> <td>Finn</td> <td>Camacho</td> <td>Support Engineer</td> <td>San Francisco</td> <td>47</td> <td>2009/07/07</td> <td>$87,500</td> <td>2927</td> <td>f.camacho@datatables.net</td> </tr> <tr> <td>Serge</td> <td>Baldwin</td> <td>Data Coordinator</td> <td>Singapore</td> <td>64</td> <td>2012/04/09</td> <td>$138,575</td> <td>8352</td> <td>s.baldwin@datatables.net</td> </tr> <tr> <td>Zenaida</td> <td>Frank</td> <td>Software Engineer</td> <td>New York</td> <td>63</td> <td>2010/01/04</td> <td>$125,250</td> <td>7439</td> <td>z.frank@datatables.net</td> </tr> <tr> <td>Zorita</td> <td>Serrano</td> <td>Software Engineer</td> <td>San Francisco</td> <td>56</td> <td>2012/06/01</td> <td>$115,000</td> <td>4389</td> <td>z.serrano@datatables.net</td> </tr> <tr> <td>Jennifer</td> <td>Acosta</td> <td>Junior Javascript Developer</td> <td>Edinburgh</td> <td>43</td> <td>2013/02/01</td> <td>$75,650</td> <td>3431</td> <td>j.acosta@datatables.net</td> </tr> <tr> <td>Cara</td> <td>Stevens</td> <td>Sales Assistant</td> <td>New York</td> <td>46</td> <td>2011/12/06</td> <td>$145,600</td> <td>3990</td> <td>c.stevens@datatables.net</td> </tr> <tr> <td>Hermione</td> <td>Butler</td> <td>Regional Director</td> <td>London</td> <td>47</td> <td>2011/03/21</td> <td>$356,250</td> <td>1016</td> <td>h.butler@datatables.net</td> </tr> <tr> <td>Lael</td> <td>Greer</td> <td>Systems Administrator</td> <td>London</td> <td>21</td> <td>2009/02/27</td> <td>$103,500</td> <td>6733</td> <td>l.greer@datatables.net</td> </tr> <tr> <td>Jonas</td> <td>Alexander</td> <td>Developer</td> <td>San Francisco</td> <td>30</td> <td>2010/07/14</td> <td>$86,500</td> <td>8196</td> <td>j.alexander@datatables.net</td> </tr> <tr> <td>Shad</td> <td>Decker</td> <td>Regional Director</td> <td>Edinburgh</td> <td>51</td> <td>2008/11/13</td> <td>$183,000</td> <td>6373</td> <td>s.decker@datatables.net</td> </tr> <tr> <td>Michael</td> <td>Bruce</td> <td>Javascript Developer</td> <td>Singapore</td> <td>29</td> <td>2011/06/27</td> <td>$183,000</td> <td>5384</td> <td>m.bruce@datatables.net</td> </tr> <tr> <td>Donna</td> <td>Snider</td> <td>Customer Support</td> <td>New York</td> <td>27</td> <td>2011/01/25</td> <td>$112,000</td> <td>4226</td> <td>d.snider@datatables.net</td> </tr> </tbody> </table>

在数据表的帮助下,这很容易做到。对数据表不熟悉的人,请参考https://datatables.net/。它是一个插件,提供了很多功能。在给出的代码中,标题是固定的,前3列是固定的,其他几个特征也在那里。

下面是对最流行答案的另一种修改,但在第一列标签中处理了可变长度的文本: http://jsfiddle.net/ozx56n41/

基本上,我用第二列来创建行高,就像前面提到的。但我的小提琴实际上不像上面提到的那样。

HTML:

<div id="outerdiv">
    <div id="innerdiv">
        <table>
            <tr>
                <td class="headcol"><div>This is a long label</div></td>
                <td class="hiddenheadcol"><div>This is a long label</div></td>
                <td class="long">QWERTYUIOPASDFGHJKLZXCVBNM</td>
                <td class="long">QWERTYUIOPASDFGHJKLZXCVBNM</td>
            </tr>
            <tr>
                <td class="headcol"><div>Short label</div></td>
                <td class="hiddenheadcol"><div>Short label</div></td>
                <td class="long">QWERTYUIOPASDFGHJKLZXCVBNM</td>
                <td class="long">QWERTYUIOPASDFGHJKLZXCVBNM</td>
            </tr>
        </table>
    </div>
</div>

CSS:

body {
    font: 16px Calibri;
}
#outerdiv {
    position: absolute;
    top: 0;
    left: 0;
    right: 0;
    width: 100%;
    border-top: 1px solid grey;
}
#innerdiv {
    overflow-x: scroll;
    margin-left: 100px;
    overflow-y: visible;
    padding-bottom: 1px;
}
table {
    border-collapse:separate;
}
td {
    margin: 0;
    border: 1px solid grey;
    border-top-width: 0;
    border-left-width: 0px;
    padding: 10px;
}
td.headcol {
    /* Frozen 1st column */
    position: absolute;
    left: 0;
    top: auto;
    border-bottom-width: 1px;
    padding: 0;
    border-left-width: 1px;
}
td.hiddenheadcol {
    /* Hidden 2nd column to create height */
    max-width: 0;
    visibility: hidden;
    padding: 0;
}
td.headcol div {
    /* Text container in the 1st column */
    width: 100px;
    max-width: 100px;
    background: lightblue;
    padding: 10px;
    box-sizing: border-box;
}
td.hiddenheadcol div {
    /* Text container in the 2nd column */
    width: 100px;
    max-width: 100px;
    background: red;
    padding: 10px;
}
td.long {
    background:yellow;
    letter-spacing:1em;
}

如果您正在开发一些更复杂的东西,并且希望多个列固定/固定在左边,您可能需要这样的东西。

.wrapper { overflow-x: scroll; } td { min-width: 50px; } .fixed { position: absolute; background: #aaa; } <div class="content" style="width: 400px"> <div class="wrapper" style="margin-left: 100px"> <table> <thead> <tr> <th class="fixed" style="left: 0px">aaa</th> <th class="fixed" style="left: 50px">aaa2</th> <th>a</th> <th>b</th> <th>c</th> <th>d</th> <th>e</th> <th>f</th> <th>a</th> <th>b</th> <th>c</th> <th>d</th> <th>e</th> <th>f</th> <th>a</th> <th>b</th> <th>c</th> <th>d</th> <th>e</th> <th>f</th> <th>a</th> <th>b</th> <th>c</th> <th>d</th> <th>e</th> <th>f</th> </tr> </thead> <tbody> <tr> <td class="fixed" style="left: 0px">aaa</td> <td class="fixed" style="left: 50px">aaa2</td> <td>a</td> <td>b</td> <td>c</td> <td>d</td> <td>e</td> <td>f</td> <td>a</td> <td>b</td> <td>c</td> <td>d</td> <td>e</td> <td>f</td> <td>a</td> <td>b</td> <td>c</td> <td>d</td> <td>e</td> <td>f</td> <td>a</td> <td>b</td> <td>c</td> <td>d</td> <td>e</td> <td>f</td> </tr> <tr> <td class="fixed" style="left: 0">bbb</td> <td class="fixed" style="left: 50px">bbb2</td> <td>a</td> <td>b</td> <td>c</td> <td>d</td> <td>e</td> <td>f</td> <td>a</td> <td>b</td> <td>c</td> <td>d</td> <td>e</td> <td>f</td> <td>a</td> <td>b</td> <td>c</td> <td>d</td> <td>e</td> <td>f</td> <td>a</td> <td>b</td> <td>c</td> <td>d</td> <td>e</td> <td>f</td> </tr> </tbody> </table> </div> </div>

如果你不想过多地触碰你现在的桌子,你可以在桌子前面做一个假的固定列。

这个例子展示了一种不使用JS的方法

table { border-collapse: collapse; border-spacing: 0; border: 1px solid #ddd; min-width: 600px; } .labels { display:flex; flex-direction: column } .overflow { overflow-x: scroll; min width: 400px; flex: 1; } .label { display: flex; align-items: center; white-space:nowrap; padding: 10px; flex: 1; border-bottom: 1px solid #ddd; border-right: 2px solid #ddd; } .label:last-of-type { overflow-x: scroll; border-bottom: 0; } td { border: 1px solid #ddd; padding: 10px; } .flex { display:flex; max-width: 600px; padding: 0; border: 5px solid #ddd; } <div class="flex"> <div class="labels"> <span class="label">Label 1</span> <span class="label">Lorem ipsum dolor sit amet.</span> <span class="label">Lorem ipsum dolor.</span> </div> <div class="overflow"> <table> <tr> <td class="long">Lorem ipsum dolor sit amet consectetur adipisicing</td> <td class="long">Lorem ipsum dolor sit amet consectetur adipisicing</td> </tr> <tr> <td class="long">Lorem ipsum dolor sit amet consectetur adipisicing</td> <td class="long">Lorem ipsum dolor sit amet consectetur adipisicing</td> </tr> <tr> <td class="long">Lorem ipsum dolor sit amet consectetur adipisicing</td> <td class="long">Lorem ipsum dolor sit amet consectetur adipisicing</td> </tr> </table> </div> </div>

在左列宽度固定的情况下,Eamon Nerbonne提供了最佳解决方案。

在可变宽度左列的情况下,我发现的最佳解决方案是制作两个相同的表,并将一个放在另一个上面。演示:http://jsfiddle.net/xG5QH/6/。

<!DOCTYPE html>
<html>
<head>
<style type="text/css">
/* important styles */

.container {
   /* Attach fixed-th-table to this container,
      in order to layout fixed-th-table
      in the same way as scolled-td-table" */
   position: relative;

   /* Truncate fixed-th-table */
   overflow: hidden;
}

.fixed-th-table-wrapper td,
.fixed-th-table-wrapper th,
.scrolled-td-table-wrapper td,
.scrolled-td-table-wrapper th {
   /* Set background to non-transparent color
      because two tables are one above another.
    */
   background: white;
}
.fixed-th-table-wrapper {
   /* Make table out of flow */
   position: absolute;
}
.fixed-th-table-wrapper th {
    /* Place fixed-th-table th-cells above 
       scrolled-td-table td-cells.
     */
    position: relative;
    z-index: 1;
}
.scrolled-td-table-wrapper td {
    /* Place scrolled-td-table td-cells
       above fixed-th-table.
     */
    position: relative;
}
.scrolled-td-table-wrapper {
   /* Make horizonal scrollbar if needed */
   overflow-x: auto;
}


/* Simulating border-collapse: collapse,
   because fixed-th-table borders
   are below ".scrolling-td-wrapper table" borders
*/

table {
    border-spacing: 0;
}
td, th {
   border-style: solid;
   border-color: black;
   border-width: 1px 1px 0 0;
}
th:first-child {
   border-left-width: 1px;
}
tr:last-child td,
tr:last-child th {
   border-bottom-width: 1px;
}

/* Unimportant styles */

.container {
    width: 250px;
}
td, th {
   padding: 5px;
}
</style>
</head>

<body>
<div class="container">

<div class="fixed-th-table-wrapper">
<!-- fixed-th-table -->
<table>
    <tr>
         <th>aaaaaaa</th>
         <td>ccccccccccc asdsad asd as</td>
         <td>ccccccccccc asdsad asd as</td>
    </tr>
    <tr>
         <th>cccccccc</th>
         <td>xxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxx yyyyyyyyyyyyyy zzzzzzzzzzzzz</td>
         <td>xxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxx yyyyyyyyyyyyyy zzzzzzzzzzzzz</td>
    </tr>
</table>
</div>

<div class="scrolled-td-table-wrapper">
<!-- scrolled-td-table
     - same as fixed-th-table -->
<table>
    <tr>
         <th>aaaaaaa</th>
         <td>ccccccccccc asdsad asd as</td>
         <td>ccccccccccc asdsad asd as</td>
    </tr>
    <tr>
         <th>cccccccc</th>
         <td>xxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxx yyyyyyyyyyyyyy zzzzzzzzzzzzz</td>
         <td>xxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxx yyyyyyyyyyyyyy zzzzzzzzzzzzz</td>
    </tr>
</table>
</div>

</div>
</body>
</html>