我需要一个简单的解决方案。我知道这和其他一些问题类似，比如:
固定标题和固定列的HTML表? 我如何锁定表的第一行和第一列时滚动，可能使用JavaScript和CSS?
但我只需要一个单独的左列被冻结，我更喜欢一个简单的和无脚本的解决方案。
当前回答
对我来说，这是唯一一个完美的(感谢保罗·奥布莱恩!): https://codepen.io/paulobrien/pen/gWoVzN
以下是片段:
// requires jquery library jQuery(document).ready(function() { jQuery(".main-table").clone(true).appendTo('#table-scroll').addClass('clone'); }); .table-scroll { position:relative; max-width:600px; margin:auto; overflow:hidden; border:1px solid #000; } .table-wrap { width:100%; overflow:auto; } .table-scroll table { width:100%; margin:auto; border-collapse:separate; border-spacing:0; } .table-scroll th, .table-scroll td { padding:5px 10px; border:1px solid #000; background:#fff; white-space:nowrap; vertical-align:top; } .table-scroll thead, .table-scroll tfoot { background:#f9f9f9; } .clone { position:absolute; top:0; left:0; pointer-events:none; } .clone th, .clone td { visibility:hidden } .clone td, .clone th { border-color:transparent } .clone tbody th { visibility:visible; color:red; } .clone .fixed-side { border:1px solid #000; background:#eee; visibility:visible; } .clone thead, .clone tfoot{background:transparent;} <div id="table-scroll" class="table-scroll"> <div class="table-wrap"> <table class="main-table"> <thead> <tr> <th class="fixed-side" scope="col"> </th> <th scope="col">Header 2</th> <th scope="col">Header 3</th> <th scope="col">Header 4</th> <th scope="col">Header 5</th> <th scope="col">Header 6</th> <th scope="col">Header 7</th> <th scope="col">Header 8</th> </tr> </thead> <tbody> <tr> <th class="fixed-side">Left Column</th> <td>Cell content<br> test</td> <td><a href="#">Cell content longer</a></td> <td>Cell content</td> <td>Cell content</td> <td>Cell content</td> <td>Cell content</td> <td>Cell content</td> </tr> <tr> <th class="fixed-side">Left Column</th> <td>Cell content</td> <td>Cell content longer</td> <td>Cell content</td> <td>Cell content</td> <td>Cell content</td> <td>Cell content</td> <td>Cell content</td> </tr> <tr> <th class="fixed-side">Left Column</th> <td>Cell content</td> <td>Cell content longer</td> <td>Cell content</td> <td>Cell content</td> <td>Cell content</td> <td>Cell content</td> <td>Cell content</td> </tr> <tr> <th class="fixed-side">Left Column</th> <td>Cell content</td> <td>Cell content longer</td> <td>Cell content</td> <td>Cell content</td> <td>Cell content</td> <td>Cell content</td> <td>Cell content</td> </tr> <tr> <th class="fixed-side">Left Column</th> <td>Cell content</td> <td>Cell content longer</td> <td>Cell content</td> <td>Cell content</td> <td>Cell content</td> <td>Cell content</td> <td>Cell content</td> </tr> <tr> <th class="fixed-side">Left Column</th> <td>Cell content</td> <td>Cell content longer</td> <td>Cell content</td> <td>Cell content</td> <td>Cell content</td> <td>Cell content</td> <td>Cell content</td> </tr> </tbody> <tfoot> <tr> <th class="fixed-side"> </th> <td>Footer 2</td> <td>Footer 3</td> <td>Footer 4</td> <td>Footer 5</td> <td>Footer 6</td> <td>Footer 7</td> <td>Footer 8</td> </tr> </tfoot> </table> </div> </div> <p>See <a href="https://codepen.io/paulobrien/pen/LBrMxa" target="blank">position Sticky version </a>with no JS</p> <script src="https://ajax.googleapis.com/ajax/libs/jquery/2.1.3/jquery.min.js" type="text/javascript"></script>
其他回答
在左列宽度固定的情况下，Eamon Nerbonne提供了最佳解决方案。
在可变宽度左列的情况下，我发现的最佳解决方案是制作两个相同的表，并将一个放在另一个上面。演示:http://jsfiddle.net/xG5QH/6/。
<!DOCTYPE html>
<html>
<head>
<style type="text/css">
/* important styles */
.container {
/* Attach fixed-th-table to this container,
in order to layout fixed-th-table
in the same way as scolled-td-table" */
position: relative;
/* Truncate fixed-th-table */
overflow: hidden;
}
.fixed-th-table-wrapper td,
.fixed-th-table-wrapper th,
.scrolled-td-table-wrapper td,
.scrolled-td-table-wrapper th {
/* Set background to non-transparent color
because two tables are one above another.
*/
background: white;
}
.fixed-th-table-wrapper {
/* Make table out of flow */
position: absolute;
}
.fixed-th-table-wrapper th {
/* Place fixed-th-table th-cells above
scrolled-td-table td-cells.
*/
position: relative;
z-index: 1;
}
.scrolled-td-table-wrapper td {
/* Place scrolled-td-table td-cells
above fixed-th-table.
*/
position: relative;
}
.scrolled-td-table-wrapper {
/* Make horizonal scrollbar if needed */
overflow-x: auto;
}
/* Simulating border-collapse: collapse,
because fixed-th-table borders
are below ".scrolling-td-wrapper table" borders
*/
table {
border-spacing: 0;
}
td, th {
border-style: solid;
border-color: black;
border-width: 1px 1px 0 0;
}
th:first-child {
border-left-width: 1px;
}
tr:last-child td,
tr:last-child th {
border-bottom-width: 1px;
}
/* Unimportant styles */
.container {
width: 250px;
}
td, th {
padding: 5px;
}
</style>
</head>
<body>
<div class="container">
<div class="fixed-th-table-wrapper">
<!-- fixed-th-table -->
<table>
<tr>
<th>aaaaaaa</th>
<td>ccccccccccc asdsad asd as</td>
<td>ccccccccccc asdsad asd as</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<th>cccccccc</th>
<td>xxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxx yyyyyyyyyyyyyy zzzzzzzzzzzzz</td>
<td>xxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxx yyyyyyyyyyyyyy zzzzzzzzzzzzz</td>
</tr>
</table>
</div>
<div class="scrolled-td-table-wrapper">
<!-- scrolled-td-table
- same as fixed-th-table -->
<table>
<tr>
<th>aaaaaaa</th>
<td>ccccccccccc asdsad asd as</td>
<td>ccccccccccc asdsad asd as</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<th>cccccccc</th>
<td>xxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxx yyyyyyyyyyyyyy zzzzzzzzzzzzz</td>
<td>xxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxx yyyyyyyyyyyyyy zzzzzzzzzzzzz</td>
</tr>
</table>
</div>
</div>
</body>
</html>
下面是对最流行答案的另一种修改，但在第一列标签中处理了可变长度的文本: http://jsfiddle.net/ozx56n41/
基本上，我用第二列来创建行高，就像前面提到的。但我的小提琴实际上不像上面提到的那样。
HTML:
<div id="outerdiv">
<div id="innerdiv">
<table>
<tr>
<td class="headcol"><div>This is a long label</div></td>
<td class="hiddenheadcol"><div>This is a long label</div></td>
<td class="long">QWERTYUIOPASDFGHJKLZXCVBNM</td>
<td class="long">QWERTYUIOPASDFGHJKLZXCVBNM</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td class="headcol"><div>Short label</div></td>
<td class="hiddenheadcol"><div>Short label</div></td>
<td class="long">QWERTYUIOPASDFGHJKLZXCVBNM</td>
<td class="long">QWERTYUIOPASDFGHJKLZXCVBNM</td>
</tr>
</table>
</div>
</div>
CSS:
body {
font: 16px Calibri;
}
#outerdiv {
position: absolute;
top: 0;
left: 0;
right: 0;
width: 100%;
border-top: 1px solid grey;
}
#innerdiv {
overflow-x: scroll;
margin-left: 100px;
overflow-y: visible;
padding-bottom: 1px;
}
table {
border-collapse:separate;
}
td {
margin: 0;
border: 1px solid grey;
border-top-width: 0;
border-left-width: 0px;
padding: 10px;
}
td.headcol {
/* Frozen 1st column */
position: absolute;
left: 0;
top: auto;
border-bottom-width: 1px;
padding: 0;
border-left-width: 1px;
}
td.hiddenheadcol {
/* Hidden 2nd column to create height */
max-width: 0;
visibility: hidden;
padding: 0;
}
td.headcol div {
/* Text container in the 1st column */
width: 100px;
max-width: 100px;
background: lightblue;
padding: 10px;
box-sizing: border-box;
}
td.hiddenheadcol div {
/* Text container in the 2nd column */
width: 100px;
max-width: 100px;
background: red;
padding: 10px;
}
td.long {
background:yellow;
letter-spacing:1em;
}
.div1 {
width: 600px;
height: 400px;
overflow: scroll;
border: 1px solid #777777;
}
.div1 table {
border-spacing: 0;
}
.div1 th {
border-left: none;
border-right: 1px solid #bbbbbb;
padding: 5px;
width: 80px;
min-width: 80px;
position: sticky;
top: 0;
background: #727272;
color: #e0e0e0;
font-weight: normal;
}
.div1 td {
border-left: none;
border-right: 1px solid #bbbbbb;
border-bottom: 1px solid #bbbbbb;
padding: 5px;
width: 80px;
min-width: 80px;
}
.div1 th:nth-child(1),
.div1 td:nth-child(1) {
position: sticky;
left: 0;
width: 150px;
min-width: 150px;
}
.div1 th:nth-child(2),
.div1 td:nth-child(2) {
position: sticky;
/* 1st cell left/right padding + 1st cell width + 1st cell left/right border width */
/* 0 + 5 + 150 + 5 + 1 */
left: 161px;
width: 50px;
min-width: 50px;
}
.div1 td:nth-child(1),
.div1 td:nth-child(2) {
background: #ffebb5;
}
.div1 th:nth-child(1),
.div1 th:nth-child(2) {
z-index: 2;
}
HTML,
<div class="div1">
<table>
<tr>
<th>Column 1</th>
<th>Column 2</th>
<th>Column 3</th>
<th>Column 4</th>
<th>Column 5</th>
<th>Column 6</th>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>Row Data 1</td>
<td>Row Data 2</td>
<td>Row Data 3</td>
<td>Row Data 4</td>
<td>Row Data 5</td>
<td>Row Data 6</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>Row Data 1</td>
<td>Row Data 2</td>
<td>Row Data 3</td>
<td>Row Data 4</td>
<td>Row Data 5</td>
<td>Row Data 6</td>
</tr>
</table>
</div>
Youtube视频演练:https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=_dpSEjaKqSE
例1:固定宽度和高度
https://adriancs.com/demo/freeze_table_column_row.html
示例2:响应宽度和高度(通过使用viewport进行调整)
https://adriancs.com/html-css-js/298/html-table-freeze-row-and-column-with-css/
完整的教程解释:
https://adriancs.com/demo/freeze_table_column_row_responsive_viewport.html
对于2017年之后发布的大多数浏览器:
你可以使用位置:粘性。= css-sticky看到https://caniuse.com/壮举。
不需要固定宽度的列。
运行下面的代码片段，看看它的工作原理。
.tscroll { width: 400px; overflow-x: scroll; margin-bottom: 10px; border: solid black 1px; } .tscroll table td:first-child { position: sticky; left: 0; background-color: #ddd; } .tscroll td, .tscroll th { border-bottom: dashed #888 1px; } <html> <div class="tscroll"> <table> <thead> <tr> <th></th> <th colspan="5">Heading 1</th> <th colspan="8">Heading 2</th> <th colspan="4">Heading 3</th> </tr> </thead> <tbody> <tr> <td>9:00</td> <td>AAA</td> <td>BBB</td> <td>CCC</td> <td>DDD</td> <td>EEE</td> <td>FFF</td> <td>GGG</td> <td>HHH</td> <td>III</td> <td>JJJ</td> <td>KKK</td> <td>LLL</td> <td>MMM</td> <td>NNN</td> <td>OOO</td> <td>PPP</td> <td>QQQ</td> </tr> <tr> <td>10:00</td> <td>AAA</td> <td>BBB</td> <td>CCC</td> <td>DDD</td> <td>EEE</td> <td>FFF</td> <td>GGG</td> <td>HHH</td> <td>III</td> <td>JJJ</td> <td>KKK</td> <td>LLL</td> <td>MMM</td> <td>NNN</td> <td>OOO</td> <td>PPP</td> <td>QQQ</td> </tr> <tr> <td>11:00</td> <td>AAA</td> <td>BBB</td> <td>CCC</td> <td>DDD</td> <td>EEE</td> <td>FFF</td> <td>GGG</td> <td>HHH</td> <td>III</td> <td>JJJ</td> <td>KKK</td> <td>LLL</td> <td>MMM</td> <td>NNN</td> <td>OOO</td> <td>PPP</td> <td>QQQ</td> </tr> <tr> <td>12:00</td> <td>AAA</td> <td>BBB</td> <td>CCC</td> <td>DDD</td> <td>EEE</td> <td>FFF</td> <td>GGG</td> <td>HHH</td> <td>III</td> <td>JJJ</td> <td>KKK</td> <td>LLL</td> <td>MMM</td> <td>NNN</td> <td>OOO</td> <td>PPP</td> <td>QQQ</td> </tr> <tr> <td>13:00</td> <td>AAA</td> <td>BBB</td> <td>CCC</td> <td>DDD</td> <td>EEE</td> <td>FFF</td> <td>GGG</td> <td>HHH</td> <td>III</td> <td>JJJ</td> <td>KKK</td> <td>LLL</td> <td>MMM</td> <td>NNN</td> <td>OOO</td> <td>PPP</td> <td>QQQ</td> </tr> <tr> <td>14:00</td> <td>AAA</td> <td>BBB</td> <td>CCC</td> <td>DDD</td> <td>EEE</td> <td>FFF</td> <td>GGG</td> <td>HHH</td> <td>III</td> <td>JJJ</td> <td>KKK</td> <td>LLL</td> <td>MMM</td> <td>NNN</td> <td>OOO</td> <td>PPP</td> <td>QQQ</td> </tr> <tr> <td>15:00</td> <td>AAA</td> <td>BBB</td> <td>CCC</td> <td>DDD</td> <td>EEE</td> <td>FFF</td> <td>GGG</td> <td>HHH</td> <td>III</td> <td>JJJ</td> <td>KKK</td> <td>LLL</td> <td>MMM</td> <td>NNN</td> <td>OOO</td> <td>PPP</td> <td>QQQ</td> </tr> <tr> <td>16:00</td> <td>AAA</td> <td>BBB</td> <td>CCC</td> <td>DDD</td> <td>EEE</td> <td>FFF</td> <td>GGG</td> <td>HHH</td> <td>III</td> <td>JJJ</td> <td>KKK</td> <td>LLL</td> <td>MMM</td> <td>NNN</td> <td>OOO</td> <td>PPP</td> <td>QQQ</td> </tr> <tr> <td>17:00</td> <td>AAA</td> <td>BBB</td> <td>CCC</td> <td>DDD</td> <td>EEE</td> <td>FFF</td> <td>GGG</td> <td>HHH</td> <td>III</td> <td>JJJ</td> <td>KKK</td> <td>LLL</td> <td>MMM</td> <td>NNN</td> <td>OOO</td> <td>PPP</td> <td>QQQ</td> </tr> </tbody> </table> </div>
Eamon Nerbonne，我在你的代码中改变了一些css，现在它更好了(滚动条从第一行开始)
http://jsfiddle.net/At8L8/
我只是加了两行:
.div : padding-left:5em;
.headcol : background-color : #fff;
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