请首先考虑开/闭原则。接口中的默认方法确实违反了它。这是Java中的一个不好的特性。它助长了糟糕的设计、糟糕的架构和低软件质量。我建议完全避免使用默认方法。

问自己几个问题: 为什么不能把方法放到抽象类中?那么您是否需要多个抽象类呢?然后想想你的类负责什么。您确定要放入单个类中的所有方法都实现了相同的目的吗?可能你会区分几个目的，然后将你的类分成几个类，每个目的有自己的类。

每当我们在抽象类和接口之间做出选择时，我们总是(几乎)选择默认方法(也称为防御器或虚拟扩展)。

Default methods have put an end to classic pattern of interface and a companion class that implements most or all of the methods in that interface. An example is Collection and AbstractCollection. Now we should implement the methods in the interface itself to provide default functionality. The classes which implement the interface has choice to override the methods or inherit the default implementation. Another important use of default methods is interface evolution. Suppose I had a class Ball as: public class Ball implements Collection { ... }

现在在Java 8中引入了一个新特性流。我们可以通过使用添加到接口的stream方法来获取流。如果stream不是默认方法，那么Collection接口的所有实现都将中断，因为它们不会实现这个新方法。向接口添加非默认方法与源不兼容。

但是假设我们不重新编译这个类，而是使用一个包含这个类Ball的旧jar文件。如果没有这个缺失的方法，类将很好地加载，可以创建实例，似乎一切都在正常工作。但是如果程序在Ball实例上调用stream方法，我们将得到AbstractMethodError。因此，使方法默认解决了这两个问题。

Java 9甚至在接口中提供了私有方法，可以用来封装提供默认实现的接口方法中使用的公共代码逻辑。

抽象类比默认方法实现(如私有状态)要多得多，但从Java 8开始，无论何时您可以选择其中任何一种，都应该选择防御器(也就是私有状态)。默认)方法。

默认方法的限制是它只能通过调用其他接口方法来实现，而不能引用特定实现的状态。所以主要的用例是高级和方便的方法。

这个新特性的好处在于，以前您必须使用抽象类来实现方便的方法，从而将实现者限制为单一继承，现在您可以拥有一个真正干净的设计，只需要接口，并且强制程序员进行最少的实现工作。

向Java 8引入默认方法的最初动机是希望在不破坏任何现有实现的情况下，使用面向lambda的方法扩展集合框架接口。虽然这与公共图书馆的作者更相关，但您可能会发现相同的特性在您的项目中也很有用。您有一个集中的地方可以添加新的便利，而不必依赖于类型层次结构的其余部分。

虽然这是一个老问题，但让我也谈谈我的看法。

abstract class: Inside abstract class we can declare instance variables, which are required to the child class Interface: Inside interface every variables is always public static and final we cannot declare instance variables abstract class: Abstract class can talk about state of object Interface: Interface can never talk about state of object abstract class: Inside Abstract class we can declare constructors Interface: Inside interface we cannot declare constructors as purpose of constructors is to initialize instance variables. So what is the need of constructor there if we cannot have instance variables in interfaces. abstract class: Inside abstract class we can declare instance and static blocks Interface: Interfaces cannot have instance and static blocks. abstract class: Abstract class cannot refer lambda expression Interfaces: Interfaces with single abstract method can refer lambda expression abstract class: Inside abstract class we can override OBJECT CLASS methods Interfaces: We cannot override OBJECT CLASS methods inside interfaces.

最后，我要指出:

Default method concepts/static method concepts in interface came just to save implementation classes but not to provide meaningful useful implementation. Default methods/static methods are kind of dummy implementation, "if you want you can use them or you can override them (in case of default methods) in implementation class" Thus saving us from implementing new methods in implementation classes whenever new methods in interfaces are added. Therefore interfaces can never be equal to abstract classes.

本文将对此进行描述。想想forEach of Collections。

List<?> list = …
list.forEach(…);

The forEach isn’t declared by java.util.List nor the java.util.Collection interface yet. One obvious solution would be to just add the new method to the existing interface and provide the implementation where required in the JDK. However, once published, it is impossible to add methods to an interface without breaking the existing implementation. The benefit that default methods bring is that now it’s possible to add a new default method to the interface and it doesn’t break the implementations.

正如在其他回答中提到的，添加实现到接口的能力是为了在Collections框架中提供向后兼容性。我认为，提供向后兼容性可能是向接口添加实现的唯一好的理由。

否则，如果您将实现添加到接口，那么您就违反了最初添加接口的基本规律。Java是一种单一继承语言，不像c++允许多重继承。接口提供了支持多重继承的语言所具有的类型优势，而不会引入多重继承所带来的问题。

更具体地说，Java只允许实现的单一继承，但它允许接口的多重继承。例如，以下是有效的Java代码:

class MyObject extends String implements Runnable, Comparable { ... }

MyObject只继承了一个实现，但它继承了三个契约。

Java传递了实现的多重继承，因为实现的多重继承带来了许多棘手的问题，这些问题超出了本文的讨论范围。添加接口是为了允许合约的多重继承(又名接口)，而不存在实现的多重继承问题。

为了支持我的观点，这里引用了Ken Arnold和James Gosling在《Java编程语言》(第4版)一书中的一句话:

Single inheritance precludes some useful and correct designs. The problems of multiple inheritance arise from multiple inheritance of implementation, but in many cases multiple inheritance is used to inherit a number of abstract contracts and perhaps one concrete implementation. Providing a means to inherit an abstract contract without inheriting an implementation allows the typing benefits of multiple inheritance without the problems of multiple implementation inheritance. The inheritance of an abstract contract is termed interface inheritance. The Java programming language supports interface inheritance by allowing you to declare an interface type