你可以。

扩展@marcg的UtilException，并在必要的地方添加泛型<E extends Exception>:这样，编译器将强制您再次添加抛出子句，一切就像您可以在java 8的流上本机抛出受控异常一样。

public final class LambdaExceptionUtil {

    @FunctionalInterface
    public interface Function_WithExceptions<T, R, E extends Exception> {
        R apply(T t) throws E;
    }

    /**
     * .map(rethrowFunction(name -> Class.forName(name))) or .map(rethrowFunction(Class::forName))
     */
    public static <T, R, E extends Exception> Function<T, R> rethrowFunction(Function_WithExceptions<T, R, E> function) throws E  {
        return t -> {
            try {
                return function.apply(t);
            } catch (Exception exception) {
                throwActualException(exception);
                return null;
            }
        };
    }

    @SuppressWarnings("unchecked")
    private static <E extends Exception> void throwActualException(Exception exception) throws E {
        throw (E) exception;
    }

}

public class LambdaExceptionUtilTest {

    @Test
    public void testFunction() throws MyTestException {
        List<Integer> sizes = Stream.of("ciao", "hello").<Integer>map(rethrowFunction(s -> transform(s))).collect(toList());
        assertEquals(2, sizes.size());
        assertEquals(4, sizes.get(0).intValue());
        assertEquals(5, sizes.get(1).intValue());
    }

    private Integer transform(String value) throws MyTestException {
        if(value==null) {
            throw new MyTestException();
        }
        return value.length();
    }

    private static class MyTestException extends Exception { }
}

public void frankTest() {
    int pageId= -1;

    List<Book> users= null;
    try {
        //Does Not Compile:  Object page=DatabaseConnection.getSpringConnection().queryForObject("SELECT * FROM bookmark_page", (rw, n) -> new Portal(rw.getInt("id"), "", users.parallelStream().filter(uu -> uu.getVbid() == rw.getString("user_id")).findFirst().get(), rw.getString("name")));

        //Compiles:
        Object page= DatabaseConnection.getSpringConnection().queryForObject("SELECT * FROM bookmark_page", (rw, n) -> { 
            try {
                final Book bk= users.stream().filter(bp -> { 
                    String name= null;
                    try {
                        name = rw.getString("name");
                    } catch (Exception e) {
                        // TODO Auto-generated catch block
                        e.printStackTrace();
                    }
                    return bp.getTitle().equals(name); 
                }).limit(1).collect(Collectors.toList()).get(0);
            } catch (Exception e) {
                // TODO Auto-generated catch block
                e.printStackTrace();
            }
            return new Portal(rw.getInt("id"), "", users.get(0), rw.getString("name")); 
        } );
    } catch (Exception e) {
        // TODO Auto-generated catch block
        e.printStackTrace();
    }
}

然而，你可以创建自己的FunctionalInterface，抛出如下..

@FunctionalInterface
public interface UseInstance<T, X extends Throwable> {
  void accept(T instance) throws X;
}

然后使用Lambdas或引用实现它，如下所示。

import java.io.FileWriter;
import java.io.IOException;

//lambda expressions and the execute around method (EAM) pattern to
//manage resources

public class FileWriterEAM  {
  private final FileWriter writer;

  private FileWriterEAM(final String fileName) throws IOException {
    writer = new FileWriter(fileName);
  }
  private void close() throws IOException {
    System.out.println("close called automatically...");
    writer.close();
  }
  public void writeStuff(final String message) throws IOException {
    writer.write(message);
  }
  //...

  public static void use(final String fileName, final UseInstance<FileWriterEAM, IOException> block) throws IOException {

    final FileWriterEAM writerEAM = new FileWriterEAM(fileName);    
    try {
      block.accept(writerEAM);
    } finally {
      writerEAM.close();
    }
  }

  public static void main(final String[] args) throws IOException {

    FileWriterEAM.use("eam.txt", writerEAM -> writerEAM.writeStuff("sweet"));

    FileWriterEAM.use("eam2.txt", writerEAM -> {
        writerEAM.writeStuff("how");
        writerEAM.writeStuff("sweet");      
      });

    FileWriterEAM.use("eam3.txt", FileWriterEAM::writeIt);     

  }


 void writeIt() throws IOException{
     this.writeStuff("How ");
     this.writeStuff("sweet ");
     this.writeStuff("it is");

 }

}

免责声明:我还没有使用过Java 8，只是阅读过它。

Function<String, Integer>不抛出IOException，所以你不能在其中放入任何抛出IOException的代码。如果你正在调用一个期望Function<String, Integer>的方法，那么你传递给该方法的lambda不能抛出IOException，句号。你可以这样写一个lambda(我认为这是lambda语法，不确定):

(String s) -> {
    try {
        return myMethod(s);
    } catch (IOException ex) {
        throw new RuntimeException(ex);
        // (Or do something else with it...)
    }
}

或者，如果你传递lambda的方法是你自己写的，你可以定义一个新的函数接口，并使用它作为参数类型，而不是Function<String, Integer>:

public interface FunctionThatThrowsIOException<I, O> {
    O apply(I input) throws IOException;
}

这里已经贴出了很多很棒的回复。只是试图用不同的角度来解决问题。这只是我的两毛钱，如果我哪里说错了，请指正。

在FunctionalInterface中抛出子句不是一个好主意

我认为强制抛出IOException可能不是一个好主意，原因如下

This looks to me like an anti-pattern to Stream/Lambda. The whole idea is that the caller will decide what code to provide and how to handle the exception. In many scenarios, the IOException might not be applicable for the client. For example, if the client is getting value from cache/memory instead of performing actual I/O. Also, the exceptions handling in streams becomes really hideous. For example, here is my code will look like if I use your API acceptMyMethod(s -> { try { Integer i = doSomeOperation(s); return i; } catch (IOException e) { // try catch block because of throws clause // in functional method, even though doSomeOperation // might not be throwing any exception at all. e.printStackTrace(); } return null; }); Ugly isn't it? Moreover, as I mentioned in my first point, that the doSomeOperation method may or may not be throwing IOException (depending on the implementation of the client/caller), but because of the throws clause in your FunctionalInterface method, I always have to write the try-catch.

如果我知道这个API抛出IOException怎么办

Then probably we are confusing FunctionalInterface with typical Interfaces. If you know this API will throw IOException, then most probably you also know some default/abstract behavior as well. I think you should define an interface and deploy your library (with default/abstract implementation) as follows public interface MyAmazingAPI { Integer myMethod(String s) throws IOException; } But, the try-catch problem still exists for the client. If I use your API in stream, I still need to handle IOException in hideous try-catch block. Provide a default stream-friendly API as follows public interface MyAmazingAPI { Integer myMethod(String s) throws IOException; default Optional<Integer> myMethod(String s, Consumer<? super Exception> exceptionConsumer) { try { return Optional.ofNullable(this.myMethod(s)); } catch (Exception e) { if (exceptionConsumer != null) { exceptionConsumer.accept(e); } else { e.printStackTrace(); } } return Optional.empty(); } } The default method takes the consumer object as argument, which will be responsible to handle the exception. Now, from client's point of view, the code will look like this strStream.map(str -> amazingAPIs.myMethod(str, Exception::printStackTrace)) .filter(Optional::isPresent) .map(Optional::get).collect(toList()); Nice right? Of course, logger or other handling logic could be used instead of Exception::printStackTrace. You can also expose a method similar to https://docs.oracle.com/javase/8/docs/api/java/util/concurrent/CompletableFuture.html#exceptionally-java.util.function.Function- . Meaning that you can expose another method, which will contain the exception from previous method call. The disadvantage is that you are now making your APIs stateful, which means that you need to handle thread-safety and which will be eventually become a performance hit. Just an option to consider though.

创建一个自定义返回类型，该类型将传播已检查的异常。这是创建一个新接口的替代方案，该新接口映射现有的函数接口，只需在函数接口的方法上稍微修改一个“抛出异常”。

定义

CheckedValueSupplier

public static interface CheckedValueSupplier<V> {
    public V get () throws Exception;
}

CheckedValue

public class CheckedValue<V> {
    private final V v;
    private final Optional<Exception> opt;

    public Value (V v) {
        this.v = v;
    }

    public Value (Exception e) {
        this.opt = Optional.of(e);
    }

    public V get () throws Exception {
        if (opt.isPresent()) {
            throw opt.get();
        }
        return v;
    }

    public Optional<Exception> getException () {
        return opt;
    }

    public static <T> CheckedValue<T> returns (T t) {
        return new CheckedValue<T>(t);
    }

    public static <T> CheckedValue<T> rethrows (Exception e) {
        return new CheckedValue<T>(e);
    }

    public static <V> CheckedValue<V> from (CheckedValueSupplier<V> sup) {
        try {
            return CheckedValue.returns(sup.get());
        } catch (Exception e) {
            return Result.rethrows(e);
        }
    }

    public static <V> CheckedValue<V> escalates (CheckedValueSupplier<V> sup) {
        try {
            return CheckedValue.returns(sup.get());
        } catch (Exception e) {
            throw new RuntimeException(e);
        }
    }

}

使用

//  Don't use this pattern with FileReader, it's meant to be an
//  example.  FileReader is a Closeable resource and as such should
//  be managed in a try-with-resources block or in another safe
//  manner that will make sure it is closed properly.

//  This will not compile as the FileReader constructor throws
//  an IOException.
    Function<String, FileReader> sToFr =
        (fn) -> new FileReader(Paths.get(fn).toFile());

// Alternative, this will compile.
    Function<String, CheckedValue<FileReader>> sToFr = (fn) -> {
        return CheckedValue.from (
            () -> new FileReader(Paths.get("/home/" + f).toFile()));
    };

// Single record usage
    // The call to get() will propagate the checked exception if it exists.
    FileReader readMe = pToFr.apply("/home/README").get();


// List of records usage
    List<String> paths = ...; //a list of paths to files
    Collection<CheckedValue<FileReader>> frs =
        paths.stream().map(pToFr).collect(Collectors.toList());

// Find out if creation of a file reader failed.
    boolean anyErrors = frs.stream()
        .filter(f -> f.getException().isPresent())
        .findAny().isPresent();

这是怎么呢

创建一个抛出检查异常的功能接口(checkedvaluesprovider)。这将是唯一允许检查异常的功能接口。所有其他功能接口都将利用checkedvaluesprovider来包装抛出检查异常的任何代码。

CheckedValue类将保存抛出检查异常的任何逻辑的执行结果。这可以防止已检查异常的传播，直到代码试图访问CheckedValue实例所包含的值。

这种方法的问题。

我们现在抛出“异常”，有效地隐藏了最初抛出的特定类型。 在调用CheckedValue#get()之前，我们不知道发生了异常。

消费者等

一些功能接口(例如Consumer)必须以不同的方式处理，因为它们不提供返回值。

函数代替消费者

一种方法是使用函数而不是消费者，后者在处理流时应用。

    List<String> lst = Lists.newArrayList();
// won't compile
lst.stream().forEach(e -> throwyMethod(e));
// compiles
lst.stream()
    .map(e -> CheckedValueSupplier.from(
        () -> {throwyMethod(e); return e;}))
    .filter(v -> v.getException().isPresent()); //this example may not actually run due to lazy stream behavior

升级

或者，您总是可以升级为RuntimeException。还有其他的答案涵盖了从Consumer内部升级已检查异常。

不消费。

只需要避免所有的函数接口，并使用一个老式的for循环。