我的程序在后台线程中执行一些网络活动。在开始之前,它会弹出一个进度对话框。该对话框在处理程序上被解除。这一切都很好,除了当对话框打开时屏幕方向发生变化(背景线程正在运行)。此时,应用程序要么崩溃,要么死锁,要么进入一个奇怪的阶段,在所有线程被杀死之前,应用程序根本无法工作。
我如何处理屏幕方向的变化优雅?
下面的示例代码大致匹配我的实际程序:
public class MyAct extends Activity implements Runnable {
public ProgressDialog mProgress;
// UI has a button that when pressed calls send
public void send() {
mProgress = ProgressDialog.show(this, "Please wait",
"Please wait",
true, true);
Thread thread = new Thread(this);
thread.start();
}
public void run() {
Thread.sleep(10000);
Message msg = new Message();
mHandler.sendMessage(msg);
}
private final Handler mHandler = new Handler() {
@Override
public void handleMessage(Message msg) {
mProgress.dismiss();
}
};
}
栈:
E/WindowManager( 244): Activity MyAct has leaked window com.android.internal.policy.impl.PhoneWindow$DecorView@433b7150 that was originally added here
E/WindowManager( 244): android.view.WindowLeaked: Activity MyAct has leaked window com.android.internal.policy.impl.PhoneWindow$DecorView@433b7150 that was originally added here
E/WindowManager( 244): at android.view.ViewRoot.<init>(ViewRoot.java:178)
E/WindowManager( 244): at android.view.WindowManagerImpl.addView(WindowManagerImpl.java:147)
E/WindowManager( 244): at android.view.WindowManagerImpl.addView(WindowManagerImpl.java:90)
E/WindowManager( 244): at android.view.Window$LocalWindowManager.addView(Window.java:393)
E/WindowManager( 244): at android.app.Dialog.show(Dialog.java:212)
E/WindowManager( 244): at android.app.ProgressDialog.show(ProgressDialog.java:103)
E/WindowManager( 244): at android.app.ProgressDialog.show(ProgressDialog.java:91)
E/WindowManager( 244): at MyAct.send(MyAct.java:294)
E/WindowManager( 244): at MyAct$4.onClick(MyAct.java:174)
E/WindowManager( 244): at android.view.View.performClick(View.java:2129)
E/WindowManager( 244): at android.view.View.onTouchEvent(View.java:3543)
E/WindowManager( 244): at android.widget.TextView.onTouchEvent(TextView.java:4664)
E/WindowManager( 244): at android.view.View.dispatchTouchEvent(View.java:3198)
我已经尝试在onSaveInstanceState中取消进度对话框,但这只是防止了立即崩溃。背景线程仍在运行,UI处于部分绘制状态。需要在它重新开始工作之前杀死整个应用程序。
最初的问题是代码无法在屏幕方向改变时存活下来。显然,这是“解决”的程序处理屏幕方向变化本身,而不是让UI框架做它(通过调用onDestroy)。
I would submit that if the underlying problem is that the program will not survive onDestroy(), then the accepted solution is just a workaround that leaves the program with serious other problems and vulnerabilities. Remember that the Android framework specifically states that your activity is at risk for being destroyed almost at any time due to circumstances outside your control. Therefore, your activity must be able to survive onDestroy() and subsequent onCreate() for any reason, not just a screen orientation change.
如果你要接受自己处理屏幕方向变化来解决OP的问题,你需要验证onDestroy()的其他原因不会导致相同的错误。你能做到吗?如果不是,我会质疑这个“公认的”答案是否真的是一个很好的答案。
如果你维护两个布局,所有的UI线程都应该终止。
如果你使用AsynTask,那么你可以很容易地在当前活动的onDestroy()方法中调用.cancel()方法。
@Override
protected void onDestroy (){
removeDialog(DIALOG_LOGIN_ID); // remove loading dialog
if (loginTask != null){
if (loginTask.getStatus() != AsyncTask.Status.FINISHED)
loginTask.cancel(true); //cancel AsyncTask
}
super.onDestroy();
}
对于AsyncTask,请在“取消任务”部分阅读更多信息。
更新:
增加了检查状态的条件,因为只有当它处于运行状态时才能取消。
还要注意,AsyncTask只能执行一次。
这是我面对这个问题时的解决方案:
ProgressDialog不是一个Fragment子,所以我的自定义类“ProgressDialogFragment”可以扩展DialogFragment,以保持对话框显示的配置更改。
import androidx.annotation.NonNull;
import android.app.Dialog;
import android.app.ProgressDialog;
import android.os.Bundle;
import androidx.fragment.app.DialogFragment;
import androidx.fragment.app.FragmentManager;
/**
* Usage:
* To display the dialog:
* >>> ProgressDialogFragment.showProgressDialogFragment(
* getSupportFragmentManager(),
* "fragment_tag",
* "my dialog title",
* "my dialog message");
*
* To hide the dialog
* >>> ProgressDialogFragment.hideProgressDialogFragment();
*/
public class ProgressDialogFragment extends DialogFragment {
private static String sTitle, sMessage;
private static ProgressDialogFragment sProgressDialogFragment;
public ProgressDialogFragment() {
}
private ProgressDialogFragment(String title, String message) {
sTitle = title;
sMessage = message;
}
@NonNull
@Override
public Dialog onCreateDialog(Bundle savedInstanceState) {
return ProgressDialog.show(getActivity(), sTitle, sMessage);
}
public static void showProgressDialogFragment(FragmentManager fragmentManager, String fragmentTag, String title, String message) {
if (sProgressDialogFragment == null) {
sProgressDialogFragment = new ProgressDialogFragment(title, message);
sProgressDialogFragment.show(fragmentManager, fragmentTag);
} else { // case of config change (device rotation)
sProgressDialogFragment = (ProgressDialogFragment) fragmentManager.findFragmentByTag(fragmentTag); // sProgressDialogFragment will try to survive its state on configuration as much as it can, but when calling .dismiss() it returns NPE, so we have to reset it on each config change
sTitle = title;
sMessage = message;
}
}
public static void hideProgressDialogFragment() {
if (sProgressDialogFragment != null) {
sProgressDialogFragment.dismiss();
}
}
}
我们面临的挑战是在屏幕上保留对话框标题和消息
当它们重置为默认空字符串时旋转,尽管对话框仍然显示
有两种方法可以解决这个问题:
第一种方法:
使利用对话框的活动在manifest文件中的配置更改期间保留状态:
android:configChanges="orientation|screenSize|keyboardHidden"
谷歌不喜欢此方法。
第二种方法:
在活动的onCreate()方法上,如果savedInstanceState不为空,你需要通过重新构建ProgressDialogFragment来保留你的对话片段。
@Override
protected void onCreate(Bundle savedInstanceState) {
super.onCreate(savedInstanceState);
setContentView(R.layout.activity_deal);
if (savedInstanceState != null) {
ProgressDialogFragment saveProgressDialog = (ProgressDialogFragment) getSupportFragmentManager()
.findFragmentByTag("fragment_tag");
if (saveProgressDialog != null) {
showProgressDialogFragment(getSupportFragmentManager(), "fragment_tag", "my dialog title", "my dialog message");
}
}
}