建立在@NothingsImpossible解决方案上，或者，更确切地说，评论投票最多的答案(就在接受的答案下面)，我发现下面的快速和肮脏的解决方案满足了我自己的需求-它的好处是完全在SQL域内。

给定一个字符串"first;second;third;fourth;fifth"，比如说，我想获取第三个标记。只有当我们知道字符串将有多少标记时，这才有效——在这种情况下，它是5。所以我的操作方式是将最后两个令牌切掉(内部查询)，然后将前两个令牌切掉(外部查询)

我知道这是丑陋的，涵盖了我所处的具体情况，但我张贴它只是为了以防有人发现它有用。干杯

select 
    REVERSE(
        SUBSTRING(
            reverse_substring, 
            0, 
            CHARINDEX(';', reverse_substring)
        )
    ) 
from 
(
    select 
        msg,
        SUBSTRING(
            REVERSE(msg), 
            CHARINDEX(
                ';', 
                REVERSE(msg), 
                CHARINDEX(
                    ';',
                    REVERSE(msg)
                )+1
            )+1,
            1000
        ) reverse_substring
    from 
    (
        select 'first;second;third;fourth;fifth' msg
    ) a
) b

如果你查看下面关于使用SQL分割字符串的SQL教程，你会发现许多函数可以用于在SQL Server上分割给定的字符串

例如，SplitAndReturnNth UDF函数可用于使用分隔符分割文本，并将第n块作为函数的输出返回

select dbo.SplitAndReturnNth('Hello John Smith',' ',2)

在这里我发布了一个简单的解决方法

CREATE FUNCTION [dbo].[split](
          @delimited NVARCHAR(MAX),
          @delimiter NVARCHAR(100)
        ) RETURNS @t TABLE (id INT IDENTITY(1,1), val NVARCHAR(MAX))
        AS
        BEGIN
          DECLARE @xml XML
          SET @xml = N'<t>' + REPLACE(@delimited,@delimiter,'</t><t>') + '</t>'

          INSERT INTO @t(val)
          SELECT  r.value('.','varchar(MAX)') as item
          FROM  @xml.nodes('/t') as records(r)
          RETURN
        END

像这样执行函数

  select * from dbo.split('Hello John Smith',' ')

首先，创建一个函数(使用CTE，公共表表达式不再需要临时表)

 create function dbo.SplitString 
    (
        @str nvarchar(4000), 
        @separator char(1)
    )
    returns table
    AS
    return (
        with tokens(p, a, b) AS (
            select 
                1, 
                1, 
                charindex(@separator, @str)
            union all
            select
                p + 1, 
                b + 1, 
                charindex(@separator, @str, b + 1)
            from tokens
            where b > 0
        )
        select
            p-1 zeroBasedOccurance,
            substring(
                @str, 
                a, 
                case when b > 0 then b-a ELSE 4000 end) 
            AS s
        from tokens
      )
    GO

然后，像这样使用它作为任何表(或修改它以适应现有存储的proc)。

select s 
from dbo.SplitString('Hello John Smith', ' ')
where zeroBasedOccurance=1

更新

以前的版本将失败的输入字符串长度超过4000个字符。这个版本考虑到了以下限制:

create function dbo.SplitString 
(
    @str nvarchar(max), 
    @separator char(1)
)
returns table
AS
return (
with tokens(p, a, b) AS (
    select 
        cast(1 as bigint), 
        cast(1 as bigint), 
        charindex(@separator, @str)
    union all
    select
        p + 1, 
        b + 1, 
        charindex(@separator, @str, b + 1)
    from tokens
    where b > 0
)
select
    p-1 ItemIndex,
    substring(
        @str, 
        a, 
        case when b > 0 then b-a ELSE LEN(@str) end) 
    AS s
from tokens
);

GO

用法不变。

建立在@NothingsImpossible解决方案上，或者，更确切地说，评论投票最多的答案(就在接受的答案下面)，我发现下面的快速和肮脏的解决方案满足了我自己的需求-它的好处是完全在SQL域内。

给定一个字符串"first;second;third;fourth;fifth"，比如说，我想获取第三个标记。只有当我们知道字符串将有多少标记时，这才有效——在这种情况下，它是5。所以我的操作方式是将最后两个令牌切掉(内部查询)，然后将前两个令牌切掉(外部查询)

我知道这是丑陋的，涵盖了我所处的具体情况，但我张贴它只是为了以防有人发现它有用。干杯

select 
    REVERSE(
        SUBSTRING(
            reverse_substring, 
            0, 
            CHARINDEX(';', reverse_substring)
        )
    ) 
from 
(
    select 
        msg,
        SUBSTRING(
            REVERSE(msg), 
            CHARINDEX(
                ';', 
                REVERSE(msg), 
                CHARINDEX(
                    ';',
                    REVERSE(msg)
                )+1
            )+1,
            1000
        ) reverse_substring
    from 
    (
        select 'first;second;third;fourth;fifth' msg
    ) a
) b

I realize this is a really old question, but starting with SQL Server 2016 there are functions for parsing JSON data that can be used to specifically address the OP's question--and without splitting strings or resorting to a user-defined function. To access an item at a particular index of a delimited string, use the JSON_VALUE function. Properly formatted JSON data is required, however: strings must be enclosed in double quotes " and the delimiter must be a comma ,, with the entire string enclosed in square brackets [].

DECLARE @SampleString NVARCHAR(MAX) = '"Hello John Smith"';
--Format as JSON data.
SET @SampleString = '[' + REPLACE(@SampleString, ' ', '","') + ']';
SELECT 
    JSON_VALUE(@SampleString, '$[0]') AS Element1Value,
    JSON_VALUE(@SampleString, '$[1]') AS Element2Value,
    JSON_VALUE(@SampleString, '$[2]') AS Element3Value;

输出

Element1Value         Element2Value       Element3Value
--------------------- ------------------- ------------------------------
Hello                 John                Smith

(1 row affected)